Chinese characters : Query result

Character: 偷

Modern (Beijing) reading: tōu

Preclassic Old Chinese: slō

Classic Old Chinese: l̥ō

Western Han Chinese: l̥wā

Eastern Han Chinese: l̥wā

Early Postclassic Chinese: thōw

Middle Postclassic Chinese: thǝ̄w

Late Postclassic Chinese: thǝ̄w

Middle Chinese: thʌw

English meaning : steal; rude, mean [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) воровать, красть; 2) украдкой, тайком, втихомолку; 3) вступить в тайную половую связь; 4) урвать; кое-как перебиться; 5) легковесный, легкий

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 9

Four-angle index: 8774

Karlgren code: 0125 u

Character: 偏

Modern (Beijing) reading: piān

Preclassic Old Chinese: phen

Classic Old Chinese: phen

Western Han Chinese: phjan

Eastern Han Chinese: phjan

Early Postclassic Chinese: phjen

Middle Postclassic Chinese: phjen

Late Postclassic Chinese: phjen

Middle Chinese: phjen

English meaning : be oblique, awry; side

Russian meaning[s]: 1) бок; боковой; побочный; 2) наклонный; отклониться; нагнуться в сторону; 3) пристрастный, несправедливый; односторонний; 4) неожиданно; вопреки, напротив; как назло; 5) вежл. поесть, попить (только о себе)

Comments: A colloquial loan from the same source is Viet. xiên 'inclined, oblique'.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 9

Four-angle index: 3698

Karlgren code: 0246 h

Vietnamese reading: thiên

Character: 倏

Modern (Beijing) reading: shù

Preclassic Old Chinese: likʷ

Classic Old Chinese: liuk

Western Han Chinese: ljǝuk

Eastern Han Chinese: źǝuk

Early Postclassic Chinese: źɨuk

Middle Postclassic Chinese: źuk

Late Postclassic Chinese: źuk

Middle Chinese: źük

English meaning : rapid, sudden [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: быстро, поспешно

Radical: 9

Four-angle index: 4979

Karlgren code: 1077 p

Character: 偯

Modern (Beijing) reading: yǐ

Preclassic Old Chinese: ʔǝjʔ

Classic Old Chinese: ʔǝ́j

Western Han Chinese: ʔǝ́j

Eastern Han Chinese: ʔǝ́j

Early Postclassic Chinese: ʔɨ́j

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ʔɨ́j

Late Postclassic Chinese: ʔɨ́j

Middle Chinese: ʔɨ́j

English meaning : sobs at end of lamentation [LZ]

Radical: 0

Four-angle index: 0

Karlgren code: 0550 j

Character: 偭

Modern (Beijing) reading: miǎn

Preclassic Old Chinese: m(h)enʔ

Classic Old Chinese: m(h)én

Western Han Chinese: m(h)ján

Eastern Han Chinese: m(h)ján

Early Postclassic Chinese: m(h)jén

Middle Postclassic Chinese: m(h)jén

Late Postclassic Chinese: m(h)jén

Middle Chinese: mjén

English meaning : to turn from, abandon [LZ]

Radical: 0

Four-angle index: 0

Karlgren code: 0223 b

Character: 兜

Modern (Beijing) reading: dōu

Preclassic Old Chinese: tō

Classic Old Chinese: tō

Western Han Chinese: twā

Eastern Han Chinese: twā

Early Postclassic Chinese: tōw

Middle Postclassic Chinese: tǝ̄w

Late Postclassic Chinese: tǝ̄w

Middle Chinese: tʌw

English meaning : helmet

Russian meaning[s]: 1) шлем, каска; головная повязка; 2) окружать; обходить; кружным путем; обвертывать, заворачивать; узел; 3) продавать на дорогах; продвигать (товар); 4) карман; 5) горные носилки

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 10

Four-angle index: 7356

Karlgren code: 0117 a

Character: 冕

Modern (Beijing) reading: miǎn

Preclassic Old Chinese: m(h)arʔ

Classic Old Chinese: m(h)án

Western Han Chinese: m(h)án

Eastern Han Chinese: m(h)wán

Early Postclassic Chinese: m(h)én

Middle Postclassic Chinese: m(h)én

Late Postclassic Chinese: m(h)én

Middle Chinese: mén

English meaning : ceremonial cap

Russian meaning[s]: корона; тиара, митра; древн. чиновничья шапка

Comments: MC mén instead of the regularly expected *mwǝ́n.

Radical: 13

Four-angle index: 7579

Karlgren code: 0222 d

Vietnamese reading: miện

Character: 凰

Modern (Beijing) reading: huáng

Preclassic Old Chinese: w(h)āŋ

Classic Old Chinese: w(h)āŋ

Western Han Chinese: w(h)āŋ

Eastern Han Chinese: w(h)āŋ

Early Postclassic Chinese: w(h)āŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: w(h)āŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: w(h)āŋ

Middle Chinese: ɣwâŋ

Rhyme class: equinox

English meaning : female phoenix

Russian meaning[s]: феникс (самка)

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Radical: 16

Four-angle index: 7649

Karlgren code: 0708 l

Vietnamese reading: hoàng

Character: 剪

Modern (Beijing) reading: jiǎn

Preclassic Old Chinese: ćenʔ

Classic Old Chinese: cén

Western Han Chinese: cján

Eastern Han Chinese: cján

Early Postclassic Chinese: cjén

Middle Postclassic Chinese: cjén

Late Postclassic Chinese: cjén

Middle Chinese: cjén

Russian meaning[s]: 1) ножницы; стричь, срезать; разрезать; 2) переломить пополам; 3) уничтожить; 4) связать руки

Comments: = 翦 q.v.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 18

Four-angle index: 4189

Karlgren code: 0245 j

Character: 副

Modern (Beijing) reading: fù

Preclassic Old Chinese: phrǝk

Classic Old Chinese: phrǝk

Western Han Chinese: phrǝk

Eastern Han Chinese: phrǝk

Early Postclassic Chinese: phɨk

Middle Postclassic Chinese: phɨk

Late Postclassic Chinese: phɨk

Middle Chinese: phɨk

English meaning : to rend, split

Russian meaning[s]: 1) помогать; помощник; заместитель, вице-; 2) второй; вторичный, побочный; дубликат, копия; 3) соответствовать; 4) комплект, набор

Comments: Also read *phǝk, MC phük id. Another reading is *phǝk-s, MC phǝ̀w, Mand. fù (hence Viet. phó) 'a k. of head-dress' (thus in Shi 47.1); since Han the word obtained the meaning 'next in rank, deputy' (it is not quite clear whether these two meanings of *phǝk-s > phǝ̀w are actually related to each other).

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Radical: 18

Four-angle index: 2825

Karlgren code: 0933 s

Vietnamese reading: phó

Shijing occurrences: 47.1

Character: 勒

Modern (Beijing) reading: lè

Preclassic Old Chinese: rǝ̄k

Classic Old Chinese: rǝ̄k

Western Han Chinese: rǝ̄k

Eastern Han Chinese: rǝ̄k

Early Postclassic Chinese: lǝ̄k

Middle Postclassic Chinese: lǝ̄k

Late Postclassic Chinese: lǝ̄k

Middle Chinese: lʌk

English meaning : reins

Russian meaning[s]: 1) узда; взнуздывать; обуздывать; натягивать поводья; управлять; 2) принуждать; вымогать, силой требовать; 3) вырезывать на камне, гравировать (надпись); 4) бок, ребро, см. 肋; 5) Лэ (фамилия); [lēi] 1) вязать (веревкой); 2) связывать; ограничивать

Comments: For *r cf. Xiamen lik⁸, Chaozhou lek⁸, Fuzhou lek⁸.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 19

Four-angle index: 4694

Karlgren code: 0928 f-g

Character: 務

Modern (Beijing) reading: wù

Preclassic Old Chinese: mhoʔs

Classic Old Chinese: mhoh

Western Han Chinese: mhoh

Eastern Han Chinese: mhoh

Early Postclassic Chinese: mhò

Middle Postclassic Chinese: mhò

Late Postclassic Chinese: mhò

Middle Chinese: mǜ

English meaning : affairs, business

Russian meaning[s]: 1) дело, обязанность, служба, долг, задача; 2) заниматься (чем-л.); прилагать усилия, стараться; 3) настоятельно, непременно, обязательно, необходимо

Comments: During Early Zhou attested in the basic meaning only in Yijing; the character is several times attested as a loan for 侮 *m(h)oʔ q.v. For etymology see 懋 *m(h)ō(k)s ( ~ -ʔs) 'make efforts'. For *mh cf. Xiamen bu⁶, Chaozhou bu⁴, Fuzhou o⁵.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 110

Four-angle index: 4754

Karlgren code: 1109 j

Vietnamese reading: vụ

Character: 勘

Modern (Beijing) reading: kān

Preclassic Old Chinese: khǝ̄ms

Classic Old Chinese: khǝ̄mh

Western Han Chinese: khǝ̄mh

Eastern Han Chinese: khǝ̄mh

Early Postclassic Chinese: khǝ̄̀m

Middle Postclassic Chinese: khǝ̄̀m

Late Postclassic Chinese: khǝ̄̀m

Middle Chinese: khʌ̀m

English meaning : to search, examine; to prove [Tang]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) исследовать, пробовать; сравнивать, сличать; измерять; 2) править, исправлять; 3) 28-е число (в телеграммах)

Radical: 19

Four-angle index: 4683

Vietnamese reading: khám

Character: 動

Modern (Beijing) reading: dòng

Preclassic Old Chinese: d(h)ōŋʔ

Classic Old Chinese: d(h)ṓŋ

Western Han Chinese: d(h)ṓŋ

Eastern Han Chinese: d(h)ṓŋ

Early Postclassic Chinese: d(h)ṓŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: d(h)ṓŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: d(h)wṓŋ

Middle Chinese: dúŋ

English meaning : to move

Russian meaning[s]: 1) двигать(ся), передвигать(ся); движение; движущийся, подвижный; динамический; 2) действовать; действие, поступок; 3) волновать, трогать; возбуждать; привлекать; 4) начинать (поднять) движение; 5) пускать в ход, применять; прибегать к...; 6) животное; 7) всегда, постоянно

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 19

Four-angle index: 4675

Karlgren code: 1188 m

Vietnamese reading: d_ộng

Character: 匐

Modern (Beijing) reading: fú

Preclassic Old Chinese: b(h)ǝk

Classic Old Chinese: b(h)ǝk

Western Han Chinese: b(h)ǝk

Eastern Han Chinese: b(h)wǝk

Early Postclassic Chinese: b(h)wɨk

Middle Postclassic Chinese: b(h)uk

Late Postclassic Chinese: b(h)uk

Middle Chinese: bük

English meaning : be crawling

Russian meaning[s]: ползти на четвереньках

Comments: Also read MC bлk (FQ 蒲北), OC *b(h)ǝ̄k id. Used only within a compound 匍匐 *b(h)ā- b(h)ǝ̄k q.v.

Radical: 20

Four-angle index: 4342

Karlgren code: 0933 m

Shijing occurrences: 35.4

Character: 匏

Modern (Beijing) reading: páo

Preclassic Old Chinese: brū

Classic Old Chinese: brū

Western Han Chinese: brǝ̄w

Eastern Han Chinese: brǝ̄w

Early Postclassic Chinese: bǝ̣̄w

Middle Postclassic Chinese: bạ̄w

Late Postclassic Chinese: bạ̄w

Middle Chinese: bạw

English meaning : gourd; calabash cup

Russian meaning[s]: 1) бот. тыква-горлянка (Lagenaria vulgaris); 2) муз. деревянные инструменты; флейты (разных размеров)

Comments: The Viet. reading is early; the literary norm is biều. For *b- cf. Min forms: Xiamen, Fuzhou pau², Jianou pü⁹. Besides Viet. cf. also Kui pha:w.B, Khmer lba:w 'pumpkin'; PAN *impu 'container, gourd' implies that borrowing was in Chinese < AA.

Radical: 20

Four-angle index: 7109

Karlgren code: 1113 f

Vietnamese reading: bầu

Shijing occurrences: 34.1

Character: 匙

Modern (Beijing) reading: chí

Preclassic Old Chinese: d(h)e

Classic Old Chinese: d(h)e

Western Han Chinese: d(h)e

Eastern Han Chinese: ʒ́(h)e

Early Postclassic Chinese: ʒ́(h)e

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ʒ́(h)e

Late Postclassic Chinese: ʒ́(h)e

Middle Chinese: ʒ́e

English meaning : spoon [Jin]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) ложка (чайная); 2) Чи (фамилия); [chí, пек. диал. shí] ключ; отмычка

Comments: Standard Sino-Viet. is thi (with an irregular tone).

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 21

Four-angle index: 5872

Vietnamese reading: thìa

Character: 匿

Modern (Beijing) reading: nì

Preclassic Old Chinese: nrǝk

Classic Old Chinese: nrǝk

Western Han Chinese: ṇǝk

Eastern Han Chinese: ṇǝk

Early Postclassic Chinese: ṇɨk

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ṇɨk

Late Postclassic Chinese: ṇɨk

Middle Chinese: ṇik

English meaning : to conceal; what is concealed, secluded

Russian meaning[s]: прятать(ся), скрывать(ся)

Comments: For *n cf. Fuzhou nik⁸, Chaozhou nek⁸.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Radical: 23

Four-angle index: 791

Karlgren code: 0777 l-m

Vietnamese reading: nặc

Character: 區

Modern (Beijing) reading: qū

Preclassic Old Chinese: kho

Classic Old Chinese: kho

Western Han Chinese: khwa

Eastern Han Chinese: khwa

Early Postclassic Chinese: khwo

Middle Postclassic Chinese: khwo

Late Postclassic Chinese: khwo

Middle Chinese: khü

English meaning : section, sort, item

Russian meaning[s]: 1) район; зона; участок; 2) распределять; сортировать; 3) незначительный; [ōu] 1) древн. оу (мера веса, равная 16 шэн); 2) скрывать, укрывать; 3) Оу (фамилия)

Comments: During LZ also used for homonymous *kho 'conceal' (with a parallel not quite clear reading *ʔō, MC ʔлw, Pek. ōu).

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 23

Four-angle index: 776

Karlgren code: 0122 a-b

Vietnamese reading: khu

Character: 匾

Modern (Beijing) reading: biǎn

Russian meaning[s]: 1) плоский; сплющенный; 2) доска с надписью; вывеска; 3) бамбуковый поднос

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 23

Four-angle index: 798