Chinese characters : Query result

Character: 累

Modern (Beijing) reading: lèi

Preclassic Old Chinese: rojʔs

Classic Old Chinese: rwajh

Western Han Chinese: rwajh

Eastern Han Chinese: rwaś

Early Postclassic Chinese: lwaś

Middle Postclassic Chinese: lwàj

Late Postclassic Chinese: lwàj

Middle Chinese: lwè

English meaning : involve, implicate; labour, hardship [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) вовлекать, впутывать; 2) бремя, обуза; тяготы; угнетать; 3) уставать, утомляться (от чего-л.); 4) быть в долгах; долг, задолженность; [lěi] 1) наваливать, нагромождать; 2) многократно, несколько раз подряд; [léi] 1) связывать, вм. 纍; путы (для преступника), вм. 縲; 2) излишний, ненужный; 3) затруднительный, обременительный

Comments: Another reading is *rojʔ, MC lwé, Mand. lěi 'to heap up; multiple' (also attested since L.Zhou, and probably being the source of the derived *rojʔ-s). For *r in *rojʔ cf. Xiamen, Chaozhou, Fuzhou lui³; in *rojʔ-s - Xiamen, Chaozhou lui⁶, Fuzhou loi⁶. The character was also rather frequently used instead of 纍 *ruj 'to bind' q.v.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 120

Four-angle index: 8262

Karlgren code: 0577 r

Vietnamese reading: lụy

Character: 終

Modern (Beijing) reading: zhōng

Preclassic Old Chinese: tuŋ

Classic Old Chinese: tuŋ

Western Han Chinese: tǝuŋ

Eastern Han Chinese: ćǝuŋ

Early Postclassic Chinese: ćɨuŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ćuŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: ćuŋ

Middle Chinese: ćüŋ

English meaning : to end, terminate; complete, persist; end

Russian meaning[s]: 1) конец, окончание; окончить(ся), закончить(ся); 2) до конца; весь, целый, круглый (напр. год); в конце концов; в конечном счете; когда-нибудь; перед отрицанием никогда не...; так и не...; никоим образом не...; 3) финал, заключение; 4) кончиться; кончина; умереть; смерть; 5) древн. поскольку; и; 6) номер музыкальной программы; 7) период в 12 лет; 8) Чжун (фамилия)

Comments: In Viet. cf. perhaps also xong 'to finish, end'.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 120

Four-angle index: 8875

Vietnamese reading: chung

Shijing occurrences: 28.4, 30.1, 40.1, 50.2, 55.1, 55.2

Character: 紲

Modern (Beijing) reading: xiè

Preclassic Old Chinese: slhat

Classic Old Chinese: sl̥at

Western Han Chinese: sl̥at

Eastern Han Chinese: s(h)jat

Early Postclassic Chinese: s(h)jet

Middle Postclassic Chinese: s(h)jet

Late Postclassic Chinese: s(h)jet

Middle Chinese: sjet

English meaning : rope; to bind, tether [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: поводок; связывать

Comments: Standard Sino-Viet. is tiết; Viet. tết means 'to plait, braid' (and has external Austric parallels: Bahn. *sat 'to weave mat', Tai sa:t 'mat'), thus its Chinese origin is somewhat dubious.

Radical: 120

Four-angle index: 9999

Karlgren code: 0339 i

Vietnamese reading: tết

Shijing occurrences: 47.3

Character: 紱

Modern (Beijing) reading: fú

Preclassic Old Chinese: pǝt

Classic Old Chinese: pǝt

Western Han Chinese: pǝt

Eastern Han Chinese: pwǝt

Early Postclassic Chinese: pwɨt

Middle Postclassic Chinese: pwɨt

Late Postclassic Chinese: pwɨt

Middle Chinese: püt

English meaning : silk band in which the seal was tied to the waist

Radical: 0

Four-angle index: 0

Karlgren code: 0276 k

Character: 缽

Modern (Beijing) reading: bō

Preclassic Old Chinese: [pāt]

Middle Chinese: pwât

English meaning : bowl

Comments: A Sanskrit loanword ( < Skr. pātra), attested since Tsin.

Radical: 0

Four-angle index: 0

Vietnamese reading: bát

Character: 羞

Modern (Beijing) reading: xiū

Preclassic Old Chinese: snho

Classic Old Chinese: sn̥o

Western Han Chinese: sn̥wa

Eastern Han Chinese: s(h)jwa

Early Postclassic Chinese: s(h)jwo

Middle Postclassic Chinese: s(h)jwo

Late Postclassic Chinese: s(h)jwo

Middle Chinese: sjü

English meaning : shame, disgrace

Russian meaning[s]: 1) стыд, позор; стыдиться, стесняться, робеть; стыдить, позорить; робкий; пристыженный; 2) изысканные кушанья, яства

Comments: For *snh-, besides MC s-, cf. Xiamen chiu¹.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 123

Four-angle index: 536

Karlgren code: 1076 h-j

Character: 羚

Modern (Beijing) reading: líng

Russian meaning[s]: антилопа (Nomorhaedus cripus)

Radical: 123

Four-angle index: 2067

Character: 翌

Modern (Beijing) reading: yì

Preclassic Old Chinese: Łǝk

Classic Old Chinese: Łǝk

Western Han Chinese: lǝk

Eastern Han Chinese: źǝk

Early Postclassic Chinese: źɨk

Middle Postclassic Chinese: jɨk

Late Postclassic Chinese: jɨk

Middle Chinese: jik

Fanqie: 移力

Rhyme class: 職

Russian meaning[s]: завтра, на другой день

Shuowen gloss: ?

Radical: 124

Four-angle index: 553

Karlgren code: 0912 a-d

Character: 翎

Modern (Beijing) reading: líng

Russian meaning[s]: крылья; перья, плюмаж

Radical: 124

Four-angle index: 3315

Character: 習

Modern (Beijing) reading: xí

Preclassic Old Chinese: lhǝp

Classic Old Chinese: lhǝp

Western Han Chinese: lhǝp

Eastern Han Chinese: zhǝp

Early Postclassic Chinese: zhip

Middle Postclassic Chinese: zhip

Late Postclassic Chinese: zhip

Middle Chinese: zjip

English meaning : to do repeatedly; practise, exercise

Russian meaning[s]: 1) упражняться; повторять; усваивать, овладевать; 2) усваивать привычку; привычка, обычай; привычный, знакомый; 3) практиковать; 4) Си (фамилия)

Comments: Viet. lắp is an archaic loan; regular Sino-Viet. is tập.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 124

Four-angle index: 1640

Karlgren code: 0690 a-b

Vietnamese reading: lắp

Shijing occurrences: 35.1

Character: 耜

Modern (Beijing) reading: sì

Preclassic Old Chinese: lhǝʔ

Classic Old Chinese: lhǝ́

Western Han Chinese: lhǝ́

Eastern Han Chinese: zhjǝ́

Early Postclassic Chinese: zhjɨ́

Middle Postclassic Chinese: zhjɨ́

Late Postclassic Chinese: zhjɨ́

Middle Chinese: zjɨ́

English meaning : ploughshare, to plough

Russian meaning[s]: сошник, лемех

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Radical: 127

Four-angle index: 1456

Karlgren code: 0976 k

Character: 聊

Modern (Beijing) reading: liáo

Preclassic Old Chinese: rīw

Classic Old Chinese: rīw

Western Han Chinese: rjǝ̄w

Eastern Han Chinese: riǝ̄w

Early Postclassic Chinese: liēw

Middle Postclassic Chinese: liēw

Late Postclassic Chinese: liēw

Middle Chinese: liew

English meaning : will, wish that

Russian meaning[s]: 1) пока, пока что; кое-как, слегка; 2) вероятно; я полагаю; 3) опираться; опора; 4) беззаботный; безрассудный; 5) шуметь в ушах; 6) Ляо (фамилия)

Comments: A later semantic development is 'to risk, venture, hazardous'. Regular Sino-Viet. is liêu. For *r cf. Xiamen liau², Chaozhou liǝu², Fuzhou lieu².

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 128

Four-angle index: 2099

Karlgren code: 1114 u

Vietnamese reading: liều

Shijing occurrences: 39.1

Character: 聆

Modern (Beijing) reading: líng

Russian meaning[s]: слушать(ся); внимать; понимать, воспринимать

Radical: 128

Four-angle index: 2069

Character: 脯

Modern (Beijing) reading: fǔ

Preclassic Old Chinese: paʔ

Classic Old Chinese: pá

Western Han Chinese: pá

Eastern Han Chinese: pwá

Early Postclassic Chinese: pwó

Middle Postclassic Chinese: pwó

Late Postclassic Chinese: pwó

Middle Chinese: pǘ

English meaning : dried meat

Russian meaning[s]: 1) сушеное мясо; 2) сухие фрукты; сушеные овощи

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 130

Four-angle index: 3655

Karlgren code: 0102 r

Character: 脖

Modern (Beijing) reading: bó

Russian meaning[s]: шея; затылок, загривок

Radical: 130

Four-angle index: 3065

Character: 脣

Modern (Beijing) reading: chún

Russian meaning[s]: губы; губной

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 130

Four-angle index: 3560

Karlgren code: 0455 u

Character: 脫

Modern (Beijing) reading: tuō

Preclassic Old Chinese: ƛōt

Classic Old Chinese: ƛwāt

Western Han Chinese: l̥wāt

Eastern Han Chinese: l̥wāt

Early Postclassic Chinese: thwāt

Middle Postclassic Chinese: thwāt

Late Postclassic Chinese: thwāt

Middle Chinese: thwât

English meaning : to take off, let loose

Russian meaning[s]: 1) снимать (шляпу, платье); раздеваться; обнажить, сбросить кожу; вылупиться; сдирать мясо с костей; 2) сложить с себя; избавиться от..., освободиться; избежать; не стесняться; вольный, свободный; 3) пренебречь, упустить; утратить; потерять; 4) просочиться; разгласить; 5) суффикс глаголов, указывающих завершенность действия с падением или утратой чего-л.; [tuǒ] покинуть, оставить, бросить; порвать с...

Comments: Also read *Ł(h)ōt, MC dwât (FQ 徒活) id.; *ƛ(h)ōts, MC thwầj, Mand. tùi 'be gentle' (thus in Shi 23,3; this is a derived meaning: 'be gentle, relax' < 'be loose'). Viet. lột is an archaic loanword; regular Sino-Viet. is thoát. See also 蛻, 稅.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 130

Four-angle index: 7397

Karlgren code: 0324 m

Vietnamese reading: lột

Jianchuan Bai: lui4, the6

Dali Bai: lui5

Bijiang Bai: lui4, thua4

Shijing occurrences: 23.3

Character: 脩

Modern (Beijing) reading: xiū

English meaning : dry up, dry out; be long

Russian meaning[s]: 1) вяленое мясо; 2) жалованье учителю, плата за обучение, вм. 修

Radical: 130

Four-angle index: 3571

Karlgren code: 1077 e

Character: 脰

Modern (Beijing) reading: dòu

Preclassic Old Chinese: dhōs

Classic Old Chinese: dhōh

Western Han Chinese: dhwāh

Eastern Han Chinese: dhwāh

Early Postclassic Chinese: dhṑw

Middle Postclassic Chinese: dhǝ̄̀w

Late Postclassic Chinese: dhǝ̄̀w

Middle Chinese: dʌ̀w

English meaning : neck [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: шея

Comments: Probably derived from 頭 *dhō q.v.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Radical: 130

Four-angle index: 559

Karlgren code: 0118 d

Character: 脤

Modern (Beijing) reading: shèn

Preclassic Old Chinese: d(h)ǝrʔ

Classic Old Chinese: d(h)ǝ́n

Western Han Chinese: d(h)ǝ́n

Eastern Han Chinese: ʒ́(h)ǝ́n

Early Postclassic Chinese: ʒ́(h)ín

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ʒ́(h)ín

Late Postclassic Chinese: ʒ́(h)ín

Middle Chinese: ʒ́ín

English meaning : sacrificial meat

Russian meaning[s]: древн. жертвенное мясо

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Radical: 130

Four-angle index: 5640

Karlgren code: 0455 l