Chinese characters : Query result

Character: 喝

Modern (Beijing) reading: hē hé

Preclassic Old Chinese: hāt

Classic Old Chinese: hāt

Western Han Chinese: hāt

Eastern Han Chinese: hāt

Early Postclassic Chinese: hāt

Middle Postclassic Chinese: hāt

Late Postclassic Chinese: hāt

Middle Chinese: xât

English meaning : to yell, cry (angrily) [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) пить; 2) о! (восклицание удивления); [hé] кричать; звать

Comments: Regular Sino-Viet. is hát. The earliest attested usage of the character (Han) is for *ʔrāts, MC ʔạ̀j, Mand. yè 'to cry (with a constrained voice)'. In modern Mand. the character is most frequently used for hē 'to drink' (with an unattested MC reading).

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 4280

Karlgren code: 0313 k

Vietnamese reading: hét

Character: 喘

Modern (Beijing) reading: chuǎn

Preclassic Old Chinese: thorʔ

Classic Old Chinese: thón

Western Han Chinese: thón

Eastern Han Chinese: ćhón

Early Postclassic Chinese: ćhón

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ćhón

Late Postclassic Chinese: ćhón

Middle Chinese: ćhwén

English meaning : to puff, short of breath [L.Zhou]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) часто и тяжело дышать; задыхаться; астма; 2) дыхание

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 3676

Karlgren code: 0168 j

Go-on: sen

Kan-on: sen

Japanese reading: sen;zen;aegu

Character: 喪

Modern (Beijing) reading: sāng

Preclassic Old Chinese: sāŋ

Classic Old Chinese: sāŋ

Western Han Chinese: sāŋ

Eastern Han Chinese: sāŋ

Early Postclassic Chinese: sāŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: sāŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: sāŋ

Middle Chinese: sâŋ

English meaning : to mourn; burial

Russian meaning[s]: траур; носить траур; траурный; похороны; [sàng] умереть, погибнуть; лишиться; терять(ся)

Comments: Also read *sāŋ-s, MC sầŋ (FQ 蘇浪), Mand. sàŋ 'to lose, disappear, perish, ruin'. A reconstruction *snhāŋ (suggested by hsieh-sheng) is not excluded - in that case, however, we have to suppose an irregular (dialectal) development in MC (a normal reflex would be MC *thâŋ).

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 5632

Karlgren code: 0705 a-d

Vietnamese reading: tang

Shijing occurrences: 31.3, 35.4_

Character: 單

Modern (Beijing) reading: dān

Preclassic Old Chinese: tār

Classic Old Chinese: tān

Western Han Chinese: tān

Eastern Han Chinese: tān

Early Postclassic Chinese: tān

Middle Postclassic Chinese: tān

Late Postclassic Chinese: tān

Middle Chinese: tân

English meaning : single, unit

Russian meaning[s]: 1) нечетный, непарный; 2) единичный; единица; разряд единиц; 3) простой; ординарный; 4) список; счет; 5) худой, слабый; 6) единственно, только; в отдельности; [shǎn] Шань (фамилия, собственное имя)

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 2587

Karlgren code: 0147 a-d

Vietnamese reading: d_o'n

Character: 喻

Modern (Beijing) reading: yù

Preclassic Old Chinese: los

Classic Old Chinese: loh

Western Han Chinese: lwah

Eastern Han Chinese: źwah

Early Postclassic Chinese: źwò

Middle Postclassic Chinese: jwò

Late Postclassic Chinese: jwò

Middle Chinese: jǜ

English meaning : to compare; comparison, metaphor, explanation [L.Zhou]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) метафора, аллегория; иносказательный; говорить метафорами; намекать; 2) сравнивать; сравнение; 3) уяснить, понять; быть сведущим; быть сильным в...; знать толк в (чем-л.); 4) Юй (фамилия)

Comments: Standard Sino-Viet. is dụ; for the nasalisation cf. Chinese dialectal forms: Xiamen lu⁶, Chaozhou zu⁴ (pointing to *ń-).

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 8770

Karlgren code: 0125 c

Vietnamese reading: nhu`

Character: 喬

Modern (Beijing) reading: qiáo

Preclassic Old Chinese: g(r)aw

Classic Old Chinese: g(r)aw

Western Han Chinese: g(r)aw

Eastern Han Chinese: g(r)aw

Early Postclassic Chinese: gew

Middle Postclassic Chinese: gew

Late Postclassic Chinese: gew

Middle Chinese: gew

English meaning : be tall

Russian meaning[s]: 1) высокий; возвышенный; величественный; 2) гордый, заносчивый; 3) маскироваться под..., гримироваться, рядиться; 4) Цяо (фамилия)

Shuowen gloss: 高而曲也.從夭.從高省.

Comments: For initial *g- cf. Xiamen kiau², Fuzhou kieu² (Chaozhou khiǝu² is secondary). The character is also used in inscriptions as a loan for 鷮 *kaw / *gaw 'a k. of pheasant'. See 高.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 115

Four-angle index: 3758

Karlgren code: 1138 a-b

Shijing occurrences: 9.1

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