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Back: 1 20 50 100 Forward: 1 20 50 100 200 \data\china\bigchina
Character: 揣
Modern (Beijing) reading: chuǎi
Preclassic Old Chinese: thorʔ
Classic Old Chinese: thón
Western Han Chinese: thón
Eastern Han Chinese: ćhón
Early Postclassic Chinese: ćhón
Middle Postclassic Chinese: ćhón
Late Postclassic Chinese: ćhón
Middle Chinese: ćhwé
English meaning : to measure, estimate
Comments: Also read *thorʔ-s, MC ćhwè id.; *tōrʔ, MC twấ id.; *tōrʔ, MC twấ 'shake, move'. Modern chuǎi is not quite regular (chǔi would be expected).
Radical: 0
Four-angle index: 0
Character: 提
Modern (Beijing) reading: tí
Preclassic Old Chinese: dhē
Classic Old Chinese: dhē
Western Han Chinese: dhē
Eastern Han Chinese: dhiē
Early Postclassic Chinese: dhiēj
Middle Postclassic Chinese: dhiēj
Late Postclassic Chinese: dhiēj
Middle Chinese: diej
English meaning : to take, take up; be calm and thoughtful
Russian meaning[s]: 1) держать в руке; брать; поднимать; ручной; 2) поднимать, повышать; поощрять; 3) выдавать; переводить (деньги ); 4) держаться за руки; сотрудничать; 5) упоминать; говорить о...; [dī] бросить
Comments: For *dh- cf. Xiamen the2 , Fuzhou, Chaozhou thi2 .
Radical: 64
Four-angle index: 5866
Karlgren code: 0866 n
Character: 握
Modern (Beijing) reading: wò
Preclassic Old Chinese: ʔrōk
Classic Old Chinese: ʔrōk
Western Han Chinese: ʔrōk
Eastern Han Chinese: ʔrōk
Early Postclassic Chinese: ʔọ̄k
Middle Postclassic Chinese: ʔọ̄k
Late Postclassic Chinese: ʔọ̄k
Middle Chinese: ʔạuk
English meaning : grasp; a handful
Russian meaning[s]: 1) держать; хватать; зажимать в руке; пригоршня; 2) сжать (пожать) руку; рукопожатие; 3) владеть; брать в свои руки, управлять
Comments: Standard Sino-Viet. is ác.
Radical: 64
Four-angle index: 266
Karlgren code: 1204 f
Go-on: aku
Kan-on: aku
Japanese reading: aku;nigiru
Vietnamese reading: vốc
Character: 揖
Modern (Beijing) reading: yī
Preclassic Old Chinese: ʔip
Classic Old Chinese: ʔip
Western Han Chinese: ʔjǝp
Eastern Han Chinese: ʔjǝp
Early Postclassic Chinese: ʔjip
Middle Postclassic Chinese: ʔjip
Late Postclassic Chinese: ʔjip
Middle Chinese: ʔjip
English meaning : to bow, salute
Russian meaning[s]: 1) приветствовать сложением рук; откланяться; поклон; 2) сделать подарок, поднести; 3) уступить
Comments: Used also for OC *ćip (in Shi 5,3), MC cjip (FQ JY 即入), Pek. jí 'to cluster together'. The word rhymes in *-ip and should be kept distinct from the phonetically and semantically similar 集 *ʒ(h)ǝp q.v., although all kinds of confusions (early and late) were possible - see under 集.
Radical: 64
Four-angle index: 2685
Karlgren code: 0688 g
Shijing occurrences: 5.3_
Character: 揭
Modern (Beijing) reading: jiē
Preclassic Old Chinese: kat
Classic Old Chinese: kat
Western Han Chinese: kat
Eastern Han Chinese: kat
Early Postclassic Chinese: kat
Middle Postclassic Chinese: kǝt
Late Postclassic Chinese: kǝt
Middle Chinese: kǝt
English meaning : to rise, raise, lift
Russian meaning[s]: 1) вскрывать; разоблачать; разгадывать; 2) объявлять; публиковать; 3) высоко поднять; 4) ободрать, соскоблить, снять; 5) занимать, брать взаймы; [qì] поднимать платье (напр. переходя вброд реку )
Comments: Also read *krat (MC ket, FQ 居列), *gat (MC gǝt, FQ 其謁), *grat (MC get, FQ 渠列), *khrat (MC khet, FQ 丘謁) id., as well as *khrat-s (MC khèj, FQ 去例, Pek. qì) 'to lift one's clothes' (thus in Shi 34.1). Viet. cất is colloquial; regular Sino-Viet. is khiết. Cf. PAN *sakat 'rise, climb up' (Sag. 43).
Radical: 64
Four-angle index: 4292
Karlgren code: 0313 n
Vietnamese reading: cất
Shijing occurrences: 34.1_, 57.4_
Character: 揮
Modern (Beijing) reading: huī
Russian meaning[s]: 1) махать, размахивать; смахнуть; 2) приводить в движение, двигать; руководить; действовать (чем-л. ); 3) разбрасывать, рассеивать
Radical: 64
Four-angle index: 2615
Karlgren code: 0458 i
Character: 捶
Modern (Beijing) reading: chuí
Russian meaning[s]: 1) забивать, приколачивать; колотить; 2) бить кулаками, колотить; наказывать батогами
Radical: 64
Four-angle index: 411
Character: 援
Modern (Beijing) reading: yuán
Preclassic Old Chinese: wan
Classic Old Chinese: wan
Western Han Chinese: wan
Eastern Han Chinese: wan
Early Postclassic Chinese: wan
Middle Postclassic Chinese: wǝn
Late Postclassic Chinese: wǝn
Middle Chinese: wǝn
English meaning : to pull, lift, encourage; assist
Russian meaning[s]: 1) выдвигать; поддерживать; 2) поддерживать, помогать; спасать; 3) основываться на...; на основании; 4) приводить, цитировать
Comments: Also read *wran-s, MC wèn (whence Viet. viện) id. For *w- cf. Xiamen uan2 ; Chaozhou ueŋ4 , Fuzhou uoŋ6 ( < *wran-s).
Radical: 64
Four-angle index: 5976
Karlgren code: 0255 e
Vietnamese reading: viện
Character: 揪
Modern (Beijing) reading: jiū
Russian meaning[s]: 1) схватить, словить, поймать, держать; 2) крутить; скручивать
Radical: 64
Four-angle index: 5464
Character: 換
Modern (Beijing) reading: huàn
Preclassic Old Chinese: wāns
Classic Old Chinese: wānh
Western Han Chinese: wānh
Eastern Han Chinese: wānh
Early Postclassic Chinese: wā̀n
Middle Postclassic Chinese: wā̀n
Late Postclassic Chinese: wā̀n
Middle Chinese: ɣwần
English meaning : change [LZ]
Russian meaning[s]: 1) менять(ся), обменивать(ся); обмен, размен (денег ); 2) перемещать(ся); сменять(ся); заменять
Comments: During EZ attested only within the compound ........pan-huàn "relaxed". For *w- cf. Xiamen uã6 , Chaozhou uã6 , Fuzhou uaŋ6 .
Radical: 64
Four-angle index: 4915
Karlgren code: 0167 f
Character: 摒
Modern (Beijing) reading: bing
Radical: 0
Four-angle index: 0
Character: 揚
Modern (Beijing) reading: yáng
Preclassic Old Chinese: Łaŋ
Classic Old Chinese: Łaŋ
Western Han Chinese: laŋ
Eastern Han Chinese: źaŋ
Early Postclassic Chinese: źaŋ
Middle Postclassic Chinese: jaŋ
Late Postclassic Chinese: jaŋ
Middle Chinese: jaŋ
English meaning : to rise; to raise, set forth, extol, make known; to stir
Russian meaning[s]: 1) поднять руку; поднять; вздымать; 2) возвышать, прославлять; 3) повышать (голос ); усиливать (звук ); 4) довольный, самодовольный; горделивый; 5) просеивать, веять; 6) обмахивать(ся) (веером ); 7) распространять(ся); обнародовать
Comments: Standard Sino-Viet. is du'o'ng. Another probable loan from the same source is Viet. nâng 'to raise, elevate' (with nasal assimilation, attested also in some other cases). The same word can be also written as 颺 in the classics ('to rise (of wind)' etc.). Used also for *Łaŋ 'forehead; metal frontlet of a horse'.
Radical: 64
Four-angle index: 4387
Karlgren code: 0720 j-o
Go-on: yau
Kan-on: yau
Japanese reading: yō+;ageru+;agaru+
Vietnamese reading: dang
Shijing occurrences: 47.2, 47.3
Character: 敞
Modern (Beijing) reading: chǎng
Preclassic Old Chinese: thaŋʔ
Classic Old Chinese: tháŋ
Western Han Chinese: tháŋ
Eastern Han Chinese: ćháŋ
Early Postclassic Chinese: ćháŋ
Middle Postclassic Chinese: ćháŋ
Late Postclassic Chinese: ćháŋ
Middle Chinese: ćháŋ
English meaning : high, level land
Russian meaning[s]: 1) открывать, обнаруживать; выказывать; открытый; откровенный; 2) широкий; высокий и ровный; 3) веселый, приятный; 4) нестесненный; без удержу
Radical: 66
Four-angle index: 6203
Karlgren code: 0725 m
Character: 敦
Modern (Beijing) reading: dūn
Preclassic Old Chinese: tūr
Classic Old Chinese: tūn
Western Han Chinese: tūn
Eastern Han Chinese: tūn
Early Postclassic Chinese: tūn
Middle Postclassic Chinese: tūn
Late Postclassic Chinese: tūn
Middle Chinese: ton
English meaning : be thick, ample, generous; to consider thick, weighty; to mass, mass troops, heap on, put pressure on
Russian meaning[s]: 1) щедрый; большой; увеличивать; 2) искренний, сердечный; честный; 3) подлинный, настоящий; 4) укреплять; 5) Дунь (фамилия ); [dùn] хаос; хаотический; [duī] торопить, понуждать; [duì] древн. сосуд (для проса )
Comments: There also exists a variant (dialectal) MC reading toj (Go tai, Kan tui) id.; another attested reading is OC *dōr, MC dwân, Pek. tuán 'be plentiful'.
Radical: 66
Four-angle index: 6188
Karlgren code: 0464 p-q
Go-on: ton
Kan-on: ton
Shijing occurrences: 40.3_
Character: 敢
Modern (Beijing) reading: gǎn
Preclassic Old Chinese: kāmʔ
Classic Old Chinese: kā́m
Western Han Chinese: kā́m
Eastern Han Chinese: kā́m
Early Postclassic Chinese: kā́m
Middle Postclassic Chinese: kā́m
Late Postclassic Chinese: kā́m
Middle Chinese: kấm
English meaning : to dare, take the liberty, presume
Russian meaning[s]: 1) сметь, осмелиться, решиться; дерзать; вежл. осмелюсь...; смею ли...; 2) храбрый, смелый; 3) вероятно; непременно
Radical: 66
Four-angle index: 6176
Karlgren code: 0607 a-c
Go-on: kan
Kan-on: kan
Japanese reading: kan;aete
Jianchuan Bai: kã3
Dali Bai: ka3
Shijing occurrences: 19.1, 19.2, 19.3, 51.1
Character: 散
Modern (Beijing) reading: sàn
Preclassic Old Chinese: sānʔs
Classic Old Chinese: sānh
Western Han Chinese: sānh
Eastern Han Chinese: sānh
Early Postclassic Chinese: sā̀n
Middle Postclassic Chinese: sā̀n
Late Postclassic Chinese: sā̀n
Middle Chinese: sần
English meaning : to disperse
Russian meaning[s]: 1) разойтись; разбрестись; рассеяться; 2) разбрасывать; распространять; 3) увольнять; освобождать от работы; 4) рассеивать, разгонять (напр. скуку ); 5) освобождать; 6) раздавать; распределять; [sǎn] 1) распускать, разгонять; разрозненный, рассыпанный; вразброд; 2) рассеянный (о характере ); 3) своободный; праздный; негодный, никчемный; 4) простой стиль; проза; 5) мед. порошок; 6) Сань (фамилия )
Comments: Also read *sānʔ, MC sấn id. Viet. also has a colloquial loan from the same source: tan 'to dissolve, dissipate, disperse'.
Radical: 66
Four-angle index: 6193
Karlgren code: 0156 a-b
Vietnamese reading: ta`n
Character: 斑
Modern (Beijing) reading: bān
Preclassic Old Chinese: prān
Classic Old Chinese: prān
Western Han Chinese: prān
Eastern Han Chinese: prān
Early Postclassic Chinese: pạ̄n
Middle Postclassic Chinese: pạ̄n
Late Postclassic Chinese: pạ̄n
Middle Chinese: pạn
English meaning : spot, variegated [LZ]
Russian meaning[s]: пестрый, пятнистый; полосатый
Radical: 67
Four-angle index: 319
Karlgren code: 0190 c
Character: 斐
Modern (Beijing) reading: fěi
Preclassic Old Chinese: phǝjʔ
Classic Old Chinese: phǝ́j
Western Han Chinese: phǝ́j
Eastern Han Chinese: phwǝ́j
Early Postclassic Chinese: phwɨ́j
Middle Postclassic Chinese: phwɨ́j
Late Postclassic Chinese: phwɨ́j
Middle Chinese: phwɨ́j
English meaning : be ornate, elegant
Russian meaning[s]: 1) украшения; узоры, жилки; черты, линии; 2) разукрашенный; элегантный; отделанный; 3) Фэй (фамилия )
Radical: 67
Four-angle index: 6405
Karlgren code: 0579 i
Shijing occurrences: 55.1
Character: 斯
Modern (Beijing) reading: sī
Preclassic Old Chinese: se
Classic Old Chinese: se
Western Han Chinese: se
Eastern Han Chinese: sje
Early Postclassic Chinese: sje
Middle Postclassic Chinese: sje
Late Postclassic Chinese: sje
Middle Chinese: sje
English meaning : a near demonstrative: this, he, she, it, they
Shuowen gloss: 析也.從斤.其聲.詩曰.斧以斯之. [717]
Comments: The basic meaning of the character is 'to lop off' (thus in Shi 141,1), but it is much more commonly used for the homonymous pronoun *se 'this'; later also for *se-s, MC sjè, Pek. sì 'completely'. OC *se is also rather frequently used as a prosodic syllable or word extender (see Schüssler 577-8). Shuowen's considering 其 *gǝ as phonetic is quite erroneous.
Radical: 0
Four-angle index: 0
Karlgren code: 0869 a-b
Shijing occurrences: 5.1, 19.1, 19.2, 19.3
Character: 普
Modern (Beijing) reading: pǔ
Preclassic Old Chinese: phāʔ
Classic Old Chinese: phā́
Western Han Chinese: phā́
Eastern Han Chinese: phā́
Early Postclassic Chinese: phṓ
Middle Postclassic Chinese: phṓ
Late Postclassic Chinese: phṓ
Middle Chinese: phó
English meaning : common, all, universal
Russian meaning[s]: 1) всеобщий, универсальный; 2) популярный; повсеместный; повсюду; 3) сокр. Пруссия
Comments: Attested already in Yijing, but absent from Schüssler's dictionary. Presently used also as a shortened name for Prussia.
Radical: 72
Four-angle index: 1482
Karlgren code: 0072 a
Vietnamese reading: phô`
bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-comment,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-go,bigchina-kanon,bigchina-jap,bigchina-viet,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-shijing,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-viet,bigchina-shijing,bigchina-reading,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-reading,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-viet,bigchina-reading,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-reading,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-go,bigchina-kanon,bigchina-jap,bigchina-viet,bigchina-shijing,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-go,bigchina-kanon,bigchina-shijing,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-go,bigchina-kanon,bigchina-jap,bigchina-jianchuan,bigchina-dali,bigchina-shijing,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-viet,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-shijing,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-shuowen,bigchina-comment,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-shijing,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-viet,
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