Chinese characters : Query result

Character: 焙

Modern (Beijing) reading: bèi

Preclassic Old Chinese: bǝ̄(ʔ)s

Classic Old Chinese: bǝ̄h

Western Han Chinese: bǝ̄h

Eastern Han Chinese: bǝ̄h

Early Postclassic Chinese: bǝ̄̀

Middle Postclassic Chinese: bǝ̄̀

Late Postclassic Chinese: bǝ̄̀j

Middle Chinese: bòj

English meaning : to dry on fire [Tang/Qing]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) сушить на огне; обжаривать; обжигать; 2) искусственно выводить

Comments: For *b- cf. Min forms: Chaozhou pue⁶, Fuzhou puoi⁶, Jianou po⁶. The fanqie is taken from Jiyun.

Radical: 86

Four-angle index: 1232

Character: 焚

Modern (Beijing) reading: fén

English meaning : to burn

Russian meaning[s]: сжигать; поджигать; уничтожать (огнем)

Radical: 86

Four-angle index: 5486

Karlgren code: 0474 a-b

Character: 焦

Modern (Beijing) reading: jiāo

Preclassic Old Chinese: ćew

Classic Old Chinese: cew

Western Han Chinese: cjaw

Eastern Han Chinese: cjaw

Early Postclassic Chinese: cjew

Middle Postclassic Chinese: cjew

Late Postclassic Chinese: cjew

Middle Chinese: cjew

English meaning : to burn, char [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) обжечься; ожог; обожженный; 2) пережарить, пересушить; сжечь; опаленный; пахнущий гарью; 3) бурый, выгоревший (о цвете); 4) волноваться; печалиться; страдающий; 5) Цзяо (фамилия)

Comments: Shuowen says phonetic is 集 *ʒ(h)ǝp; it is possible only if the latter graph was taken with the alternative reading *ćip (see under 集). The 焦 series clearly has a *ć- initial (see RDFS 247); as for *-ew (not -aw), see the rhyme for 譙 (ibid., 556). A later attested meaning is 'dark yellow color'.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 86

Four-angle index: 8556

Karlgren code: 1148 a

Go-on: seu

Kan-on: seu

Character: 焰

Modern (Beijing) reading: yàn

Russian meaning[s]: пламя; языки огня

Radical: 86

Four-angle index: 1044

Character: 無

Modern (Beijing) reading: wú

Preclassic Old Chinese: ma

Classic Old Chinese: ma

Western Han Chinese: ma

Eastern Han Chinese: mwa

Early Postclassic Chinese: mwo

Middle Postclassic Chinese: mwo

Late Postclassic Chinese: mwo

Middle Chinese: mü

English meaning : there is no, have no; don't!

Russian meaning[s]: 1) не иметь; отсутствовать; лишенный; без-; 2) не, нет; еще нет; 3) нельзя, не надо, не смей; 4) древн. междометие о!; 5) У (фамилия)

Shuowen gloss: 亡也.從亡.#聲. [634]

Comments: Prohibitive usage of *ma is attested only since Shijing (see Schüssler 646); earlier it was only expressed by 毋 *mǝ. For initial *m- cf. Min forms: Xiamen bɔ², Chaozhou bo², Fuzhou mo², Jianou mau⁹. Related negations in Chinese include 莫 *māk, 毋 *mǝ, 亡 *maŋ, 勿 *mǝt and some others.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 86

Four-angle index: 8547

Karlgren code: 0103 a-f

Jianchuan Bai: -mo1

Dali Bai: mu1

Bijiang Bai: -mu1

Shijing occurrences: 2.2, 17.2, 17.3, 23.3, 26.1, 27.3, 29.3, 32.2, 35.1, 49.1, 49.2, 51.3, 52.1, 52.2, 52.3, 54.4, 57.3, 58.1, 58.2

Character: 然

Modern (Beijing) reading: rán

Preclassic Old Chinese: nan

Classic Old Chinese: nan

Western Han Chinese: nan

Eastern Han Chinese: ńan

Early Postclassic Chinese: ńen

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ńen

Late Postclassic Chinese: ńen

Middle Chinese: ńen

English meaning : be like that, be like it, be so; consider to be so, to be true

Russian meaning[s]: 1) подтверждать; соглашаться; одобрять; разрешать; да!; так!; 2) таков, именно таков; правильно, верно, так; 3) однако; но; все же; 4) суффикс качественного сказуемого, также наречия и прилагательного; 5) древн. об этом; в этом, здесь, вм. 焉; 6) концовка уподобительных конструкций, соответствующая 一樣; 7) древн. и, то, тогда, вм. 乃; 8) хотя, вм. 雖然; 9) жечь; жарить, вм. 燃; 10) Жань (фамилия)

Comments: For *n- cf. Min forms: Xiamen ʒien², lien², Chaozhou zieŋ², Fuzhou ioŋ². A suffixed form of *na, see 如.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 86

Four-angle index: 8595

Karlgren code: 0217 a

Shijing occurrences: 30.2, 47.2, 50.2

Character: 煮

Modern (Beijing) reading: zhǔ

Preclassic Old Chinese: taʔ

Classic Old Chinese: tá

Western Han Chinese: tá

Eastern Han Chinese: ćá

Early Postclassic Chinese: ćó

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ćó

Late Postclassic Chinese: ćó

Middle Chinese: ćö́

English meaning : to boil [L.Zhou]

Russian meaning[s]: варить

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 86

Four-angle index: 8576

Karlgren code: 0045 l-m

Jianchuan Bai: cü1

Dali Bai: cü1

Bijiang Bai: ćü1

Character: 焜

Modern (Beijing) reading: kūn

Russian meaning[s]: 焜燿 пылать, сверкать, ярко гореть

Radical: 86

Four-angle index: 6962

Karlgren code: 0417 l

Character: 牌

Modern (Beijing) reading: pái

Preclassic Old Chinese: brē

Classic Old Chinese: brē

Western Han Chinese: brē

Eastern Han Chinese: briē

Early Postclassic Chinese: biẹ̄

Middle Postclassic Chinese: biẹ̄

Late Postclassic Chinese: biẹ̄

Middle Chinese: bạ̈

English meaning : tablet, card, dice [Song]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) номерная дощечка, табличка, ярлык; этикетка; торговая (фабричная) марка; 2) косточка для игры (в домино, мацзян); игральные карты

Comments: For *b- cf. Xiamen, Chaozhou pai², Jianou pai⁹, Fuzhou pä².

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 91

Four-angle index: 2283

Vietnamese reading: bá̀i

Character: 犄

Modern (Beijing) reading: ji

Radical: 0

Four-angle index: 0

Character: 犀

Modern (Beijing) reading: xī

Preclassic Old Chinese: slhǝ̄j

Classic Old Chinese: sl̥ǝ̄j

Western Han Chinese: sl̥ǝ̄j

Eastern Han Chinese: l̥ǝ̄j

Early Postclassic Chinese: sǝ̄j

Middle Postclassic Chinese: sǝ̄j

Late Postclassic Chinese: sǝ̄j

Middle Chinese: siej

English meaning : rhinoceros

Russian meaning[s]: 1) носорог; 2) твердый, крепкий

Comments: Also used for the homonymous *slhǝ̄j 'melon seed' (thus in Shi 57.2).

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 93

Four-angle index: 2474

Karlgren code: 0596 a-b

Shijing occurrences: 57.2_

Character: 猶

Modern (Beijing) reading: yóu

Preclassic Old Chinese: lu

Classic Old Chinese: lu

Western Han Chinese: lǝw

Eastern Han Chinese: źǝw

Early Postclassic Chinese: źiw

Middle Postclassic Chinese: jiw

Late Postclassic Chinese: jiw

Middle Chinese: jǝw

English meaning : be like, equal

Comments: Also used for *lu 'plan' (also written as 猷), which may be the same word ('planning' as 'levelling, equalling'?), and adverbially as 'still, yet' (also probably the same word < *'likewise'). In Shi 196 Schüssler takes 猶 as a loan for 由 (*Łu) which is rather unlikely. The original usage of the graph must have been for a homonymous *lu 'a k. of monkey', but this is attested only since Han.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 0

Four-angle index: 0

Karlgren code: 1096 r-s

Shijing occurrences: 21.2_, 58.3

Character: 猥

Modern (Beijing) reading: wěi

Russian meaning[s]: 1) множество (разнородное), скопище; 2) многообразный; смешанный; беспорядочный; 3) низкий; вульгарный; 4) собачий лай; 5) и тогда

Radical: 94

Four-angle index: 5629

Karlgren code: 0573 g

Character: 猴

Modern (Beijing) reading: hóu

Preclassic Old Chinese: gō

Classic Old Chinese: gō

Western Han Chinese: gwā

Eastern Han Chinese: gwā

Early Postclassic Chinese: gōw

Middle Postclassic Chinese: gǝ̄w

Late Postclassic Chinese: gǝ̄w

Middle Chinese: ɣʌw

English meaning : monkey [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: мартышка, обезьяна

Comments: For *g- cf. Min forms: Xiamen, Chaozhou, Fuzhou kau², Jianou ke², ke⁹.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 94

Four-angle index: 5049

Karlgren code: 0113 g

Vietnamese reading: hầu

Jianchuan Bai: ɣo7-

Dali Bai: ou7-

Bijiang Bai: ŋo7-

Character: 猩

Modern (Beijing) reading: xīng

Russian meaning[s]: 1) человекообразная обезьяна; 2) красный

Radical: 94

Four-angle index: 400

Karlgren code: 0812 z

Character: 琺

Modern (Beijing) reading: fā

Russian meaning[s]: эмаль

Radical: 96

Four-angle index: 8646

Character: 琪

Modern (Beijing) reading: qí

Russian meaning[s]: драгоценный камень; драгоценный

Radical: 96

Four-angle index: 7868

Karlgren code: 0952 x

Character: 琳

Modern (Beijing) reading: lín

English meaning : a kind of precious stone

Radical: 0

Four-angle index: 0

Karlgren code: 0655 h

Character: 琢

Modern (Beijing) reading: zhuó

Preclassic Old Chinese: trōk

Classic Old Chinese: trōk

Western Han Chinese: ṭōk

Eastern Han Chinese: ṭōk

Early Postclassic Chinese: ṭọ̄k

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ṭọ̄k

Late Postclassic Chinese: ṭọ̄k

Middle Chinese: ṭạuk

English meaning : to carve, chisel

Russian meaning[s]: гранить, полировать (драгоценные камни)

Radical: 96

Four-angle index: 5612

Karlgren code: 1218 f

Shijing occurrences: 55.1

Character: 琥

Modern (Beijing) reading: hǔ

Preclassic Old Chinese: hlāʔ

Classic Old Chinese: hā́

Western Han Chinese: hā́

Eastern Han Chinese: hā́

Early Postclassic Chinese: hṓ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: hṓ

Late Postclassic Chinese: hṓ

Middle Chinese: xó

English meaning : tiger-shaped jade object [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: печатка из нефрита в форме тигра

Comments: = 虎 q.v.

Radical: 96

Four-angle index: 7492

Karlgren code: 0057 f