Chinese characters : Query result

Character: 註

Modern (Beijing) reading: zhù

Preclassic Old Chinese: tros (~ -ks)

Classic Old Chinese: troh

Western Han Chinese: ṭwah

Eastern Han Chinese: ṭwah

Early Postclassic Chinese: ṭwò

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ṭwò

Late Postclassic Chinese: ṭwò

Middle Chinese: ṭǜ

English meaning : to comment, annotate [Han]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) толковать, комментировать; снабжать примечаниями; комментарий; аннотация; примечание; сноска; 2) регистрировать, записывать; инвентаризировать

Comments: Also read *to(k)-s, MC ćǜ id. Regular Sino-Viet. is chú.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 149

Four-angle index: 355

Karlgren code: 0129 d

Vietnamese reading: chua

Character: 詠

Modern (Beijing) reading: yǒng

English meaning : to chant, sing

Russian meaning[s]: петь, напевать; скандировать; декламировать

Radical: 149

Four-angle index: 5517

Karlgren code: 0764 i

Character: 評

Modern (Beijing) reading: píng

Preclassic Old Chinese: bhreŋ

Classic Old Chinese: bhreŋ

Western Han Chinese: bhreŋ

Eastern Han Chinese: bhreŋ

Early Postclassic Chinese: bheŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: bheŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: bheŋ

Middle Chinese: bäiŋ

English meaning : to criticize, discuss [Han]

Russian meaning[s]: оценивать, критиковать; обсуждать; определять; критика, рецензия

Comments: Also read *bhreŋ-s, MC bä̀iŋ (FQ 皮命) id. For *bh- cf. Min forms: Xiamen phiŋ², Chaozhou pheŋ². Etymologically probably = 平 ("to level out with words").

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 149

Four-angle index: 2379

Go-on: biyau

Kan-on: hei

Japanese reading: hyō;agetsurau

Character: 詞

Modern (Beijing) reading: cí

Preclassic Old Chinese: lhǝ

Classic Old Chinese: lhǝ

Western Han Chinese: lhǝ

Eastern Han Chinese: zhǝ

Early Postclassic Chinese: zhɨ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: zhɨ

Late Postclassic Chinese: zhɨ

Middle Chinese: zjɨ

Russian meaning[s]: 1) слово; выражение; термин; грам. часть речи; речь (текст речи); текст, слова (напр. песни); литературное сочинение (произведение); 2) либретто; 3) "цы", стансы

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 149

Four-angle index: 3305

Karlgren code: 0972 j

Character: 証

Modern (Beijing) reading: zhèng

Preclassic Old Chinese: teŋs

Classic Old Chinese: teŋh

Western Han Chinese: teŋh

Eastern Han Chinese: ćeŋh

Early Postclassic Chinese: ćèŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ćèŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: ćèŋ

Middle Chinese: ćèŋ

English meaning : remonstrate

Russian meaning[s]: 1) увещевать; наставлять; выговаривать; 2) см. 證

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 149

Four-angle index: 485

Karlgren code: 0833 u

Character: 詁

Modern (Beijing) reading: gǔ

Russian meaning[s]: комментировать древние тексты; комментарий, толкование

Radical: 149

Four-angle index: 1274

Character: �

Modern (Beijing) reading: gu

Radical: 0

Four-angle index: 0

Character: 詔

Modern (Beijing) reading: zhào

English meaning : to tell, declare

Russian meaning[s]: 1) императорский указ (манифест); 2) наставлять, направлять

Radical: 149

Four-angle index: 1346

Karlgren code: 1131 q

Character: 詛

Modern (Beijing) reading: zù

Preclassic Old Chinese: ćras

Classic Old Chinese: crah

Western Han Chinese: c̣ah

Eastern Han Chinese: c̣ah

Early Postclassic Chinese: c̣ò

Middle Postclassic Chinese: c̣ò

Late Postclassic Chinese: c̣ò

Middle Chinese: c̣ö̀

English meaning : to swear an oath, curse

Russian meaning[s]: заклинать; заклятье; проклинать; проклятье

Radical: 149

Four-angle index: 599

Karlgren code: 0046 x

Character: 詐

Modern (Beijing) reading: zhà

Preclassic Old Chinese: ćrāks

Classic Old Chinese: crāh

Western Han Chinese: c̣āh

Eastern Han Chinese: c̣āh

Early Postclassic Chinese: c̣ọ̄̀

Middle Postclassic Chinese: c̣ọ̄̀

Late Postclassic Chinese: c̣ọ̄̀

Middle Chinese: c̣ạ̀

English meaning : commit treachery

Russian meaning[s]: обманывать; хитрить, лукавить; вымогать, шантажировать; надувать; притворный, ложный; обман, подлог; [zhǎ] зондировать, прощупывать (на словах)

Comments: Cf. perhaps also Viet. trác 'to deceive' (reflecting an unattested *ćrāk?). Further cf. perhaps Lush. suak 'pseudo-, false, bastard' - although the ST protoform is not quite clear.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 149

Four-angle index: 2027

Karlgren code: 0806 g

Go-on: siya

Kan-on: sa

Japanese reading: sa+;itsuwaru;azamuku

Vietnamese reading: trá

Character: 詆

Modern (Beijing) reading: dǐ

Preclassic Old Chinese: tǝ̄jʔ

Classic Old Chinese: tǝ̄́j

Western Han Chinese: tǝ̄́j

Eastern Han Chinese: tǝ̄́j

Early Postclassic Chinese: tǝ̄́j

Middle Postclassic Chinese: tǝ̄́j

Late Postclassic Chinese: tǝ̄́j

Middle Chinese: tíej

English meaning : scold

Russian meaning[s]: клеветать, злословить, бесчестить, чернить; поносить, бранить

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Radical: 149

Four-angle index: 6694

Karlgren code: 0590 j

Character: 訴

Modern (Beijing) reading: sù

Preclassic Old Chinese: sŋ(h)āks

Classic Old Chinese: (s)ŋ̥āh

Western Han Chinese: (s)ŋ̥āh

Eastern Han Chinese: ŋ̥āh

Early Postclassic Chinese: sṑ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: sṑ

Late Postclassic Chinese: sṑ

Middle Chinese: sò

English meaning : to complain, denounce; to express, declare

Russian meaning[s]: 1) жаловаться, наговаривать; обвинять; жалоба, кляуза; 2) сообщать, излагать, говорить; 3) Су (фамилия)

Comments: In Early Zhou written as 愬. The reconstruction *sŋh- is suggested by xieh-sheng, but not very certain (regularly *xò would be expected in MC); at any rate, graphic similarity with 斥 *thiak q.v. is probably accidental. Standard Sino-Viet. is tố. A possible etymology see under 語.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 149

Four-angle index: 2021

Karlgren code: 0792 j, 769 c

Vietnamese reading: to`

Shijing occurrences: 26.2_

Character: 診

Modern (Beijing) reading: zhěn

Russian meaning[s]: 1) осматривать (больного); ставить диагноз; 2) наблюдать, исследовать

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 149

Four-angle index: 4097

Karlgren code: 0453 l

Character: 訶

Modern (Beijing) reading: hē

Preclassic Old Chinese: hāj

Classic Old Chinese: hāj

Western Han Chinese: hāj

Eastern Han Chinese: hǟ

Early Postclassic Chinese: hā

Middle Postclassic Chinese: hā

Late Postclassic Chinese: hā

Middle Chinese: xâ

English meaning : shout, scold (Han)

Russian meaning[s]: бранить, выговаривать; поносить

Comments: = 呵 q. v.

Radical: 149

Four-angle index: 2983

Karlgren code: 0001 k-l

Character: 詖

Modern (Beijing) reading: bì

Preclassic Old Chinese: paj

Classic Old Chinese: paj

Western Han Chinese: paj

Eastern Han Chinese: pe

Early Postclassic Chinese: pe

Middle Postclassic Chinese: pe

Late Postclassic Chinese: pe

Middle Chinese: pe

English meaning : one-sided (e.g. words), insincere [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: неправильный, несправедливый

Comments: Also read *paj-s, MC pè, Pek. bì id.

Radical: 149

Four-angle index: 6086

Karlgren code: 0025 h

Character: 象

Modern (Beijing) reading: xiàng

Preclassic Old Chinese: lhaŋʔ

Classic Old Chinese: lháŋ

Western Han Chinese: lháŋ

Eastern Han Chinese: zháŋ

Early Postclassic Chinese: zháŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: zháŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: zháŋ

Middle Chinese: zjáŋ

English meaning : elephant, ivory

Russian meaning[s]: 1) слон; слоновая кость; слон (фигура в шахматах); 2) изображение, образ, форма, фигура; внешний вид; портрет, картина; статуя; 3) признак; явление; феномен; 4) походить; подражать; изображать; олицетворять; символ

Comments: Used also for an homonymous *lhaŋʔ 'to delineate, outline; appearance, symbol'.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 152

Four-angle index: 5620

Karlgren code: 0728 a-d

Vietnamese reading: tu'ọ'ng

Jianchuan Bai: śü̃7

Dali Bai: śa4

Bijiang Bai: ?thõ1

Shijing occurrences: 47.1, 47.2

Character: 貂

Modern (Beijing) reading: diāo

Preclassic Old Chinese: tēw

Classic Old Chinese: tēw

Western Han Chinese: tjāw

Eastern Han Chinese: tiāw

Early Postclassic Chinese: tiēw

Middle Postclassic Chinese: tiēw

Late Postclassic Chinese: tiēw

Middle Chinese: tiew

English meaning : sable

Russian meaning[s]: соболь (Mustela melampus)

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 153

Four-angle index: 1352

Karlgren code: 1131 |c ́

Character: 貯

Modern (Beijing) reading: zhù

Preclassic Old Chinese: traʔ

Classic Old Chinese: trá

Western Han Chinese: ṭá

Eastern Han Chinese: ṭá

Early Postclassic Chinese: ṭó

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ṭó

Late Postclassic Chinese: ṭó

Middle Chinese: ṭö́

English meaning : to store; store, supplies; ownership, possessions; storehouse

Russian meaning[s]: собирать, накоплять, делать запасы

Comments: The Mand. and Viet. forms probably point to an unattested MC variant *ḍö́ ( < *draʔ).

Radical: 154

Four-angle index: 2953

Vietnamese reading: trũ'

Character: 貼

Modern (Beijing) reading: tiē

Preclassic Old Chinese: thēp

Classic Old Chinese: thēp

Western Han Chinese: thjāp

Eastern Han Chinese: thiāp

Early Postclassic Chinese: thiēp

Middle Postclassic Chinese: thiēp

Late Postclassic Chinese: thiēp

Middle Chinese: thiep

English meaning : to stamp, plaster [Han]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) наклеить; 2) пополнить, возместить; 3) установленный; соответствующий; прочный; 4) близкий, родной

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 154

Four-angle index: 1258

Jianchuan Bai: ćha6

Character: 貳

Modern (Beijing) reading: èr

Preclassic Old Chinese: nijs

Classic Old Chinese: nić

Western Han Chinese: njǝś

Eastern Han Chinese: ńǝś

Early Postclassic Chinese: ńiś

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ńìj

Late Postclassic Chinese: ńì

Middle Chinese: ńì

English meaning : = 二 q.v.

Russian meaning[s]: 1) два (прописью); удвоить; вторичный; двойной; 2) замена, дубль; заместитель, дублер; помощник; 3) подозрение, сомнение; неискренний, двуличный; 4) отличаться; 5) удаляться; 6) Эр (фамилия)

Radical: 154

Four-angle index: 6728

Karlgren code: 0564 g-h

Shijing occurrences: 58.4