Chinese characters : Query result

Character: 愛

Modern (Beijing) reading: ài

Preclassic Old Chinese: ʔǝ̄js

Classic Old Chinese: ʔǝ̄jh

Western Han Chinese: ʔǝ̄jh

Eastern Han Chinese: ʔǝ̄ś

Early Postclassic Chinese: ʔǝ̄ś

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ʔǝ̄̀j

Late Postclassic Chinese: ʔǝ̄̀j

Middle Chinese: ʔʌ̀j

English meaning : to hold dear, to love

Russian meaning[s]: 1) любить; любовь; любимый; 2) пристраститься к...; любить; 3) поддаваться чувству, легко предаваться (чему-л.); 4) скупой; скупиться; 5) милость, благодеяние; 6) [Ваша] дочь, вм. 嬡; 7) сокр. Эйре (Ирландия); 8) Ай (фамилия)

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 61

Four-angle index: 6332

Karlgren code: 0508 a

Go-on: o, ai

Kan-on: ai

Japanese reading: ai;itōshimu;itoshimu;mederu;oshimu

Vietnamese reading: ái

Dali Bai: e6

Shijing occurrences: 42.1

Character: 惹

Modern (Beijing) reading: rě

Preclassic Old Chinese: nhiaks

Classic Old Chinese: nhiah

Western Han Chinese: nhiah

Eastern Han Chinese: ńhäh

Early Postclassic Chinese: ńhà

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ńhà

Late Postclassic Chinese: ńhà

Middle Chinese: ńà

English meaning : to provoke, cause [Liang]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) вызывать (напр. чувство, действие); волновать; возбуждать; задевать, задирать (кого-л.); 2) навлекать на себя; 3) вмешиваться, совать свой нос

Comments: For *nh cf. Xiamen na⁶, Chaozhou na⁴. Also read *nhak, MC ńak id.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 61

Four-angle index: 8369

Character: 愁

Modern (Beijing) reading: chóu

Russian meaning[s]: 1) тоска, грусть, печаль; беспокойство; подавленный; скорбный, тоскливый; 2) плакать от горя; голосить; 3) тяжелый; серый, бесцветный

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 61

Four-angle index: 8465

Karlgren code: 1092 i

Character: 愈

Modern (Beijing) reading: yù

Preclassic Old Chinese: loʔ

Classic Old Chinese: ló

Western Han Chinese: lwá

Eastern Han Chinese: źwá

Early Postclassic Chinese: źwó

Middle Postclassic Chinese: jwó

Late Postclassic Chinese: jwó

Middle Chinese: jǘ

English meaning : be increasing, pressing

Russian meaning[s]: 1) превосходить, перекрывать; 2) выздороветь; излечить(ся); исцелить(ся) от...; 3) еще более; тем более, тем паче

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Radical: 61

Four-angle index: 8508

Karlgren code: 0125 d-e

Character: 慎

Modern (Beijing) reading: shèn

Preclassic Old Chinese: d(h)ins

Classic Old Chinese: d(h)inh

Western Han Chinese: d(h)jǝnh

Eastern Han Chinese: ʒ́(h)ǝnh

Early Postclassic Chinese: ʒ́(h)ìn

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ʒ́(h)ìn

Late Postclassic Chinese: ʒ́(h)ìn

Middle Chinese: ʒ́ìn

English meaning : be careful, cautious, take care

Russian meaning[s]: 1) остерегаться; быть осторожным (осмотрительным); быть внимательным; быть предусмотрительным; 2) колебаться, быть в нерешительности; медлить; 3) смотри!, берегись!; 4) Шэнь (фамилия)

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 61

Four-angle index: 7906

Karlgren code: 0375 i

Shijing occurrences: 28.4

Character: 慌

Modern (Beijing) reading: huāng

Russian meaning[s]: 1) находиться в смятении (тревоге); беспокойный, нервный; 2) торопливый; впопыхах, как попало; 3) темный, мрачный; [huǎng] очень, в высшей степени

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 61

Four-angle index: 7602

Karlgren code: 0742 |g ́

Character: 慄

Modern (Beijing) reading: lì

Preclassic Old Chinese: rhit

Classic Old Chinese: rhit

Western Han Chinese: rhjǝt

Eastern Han Chinese: rhjǝt

Early Postclassic Chinese: lhjit

Middle Postclassic Chinese: lhjit

Late Postclassic Chinese: lhjit

Middle Chinese: lit

English meaning : be apprehensive, careful, trembling

Russian meaning[s]: 1) дрожать от страха; цепенеть; трепетать; 2) уважать

Comments: For *rh- cf. Fuzhou lek⁷.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Radical: 61

Four-angle index: 5207

Character: 慍

Modern (Beijing) reading: yùn

Preclassic Old Chinese: ʔuns

Classic Old Chinese: ʔwǝnh

Western Han Chinese: ʔwǝnh

Eastern Han Chinese: ʔwǝnh

Early Postclassic Chinese: ʔwɨ̀n

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ʔwɨ̀n

Late Postclassic Chinese: ʔwɨ̀n

Middle Chinese: ʔǜn

English meaning : to hate; hate, wrath

Russian meaning[s]: 1) гневаться; 2) чувствовать себя обиженным

Radical: 61

Four-angle index: 663

Karlgren code: 0426 e

Shijing occurrences: 26.4

Character: 愾

Modern (Beijing) reading: kài

Russian meaning[s]: гнев; возмущение; [xì] глубокий вздох

Radical: 61

Four-angle index: 7638

Karlgren code: 0517 d

Character: 愴

Modern (Beijing) reading: chuàng

Preclassic Old Chinese: shraŋ

Classic Old Chinese: shraŋ

Western Han Chinese: ṣhaŋ

Eastern Han Chinese: ṣhaŋ

Early Postclassic Chinese: ṣhaŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ṣhaŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: ṣhaŋ

Middle Chinese: c̣haŋ

English meaning : be grieved, afflicted

Russian meaning[s]: тосковать, скорбеть, убиваться

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Radical: 61

Four-angle index: 1120

Karlgren code: 0703 m

Character: 愧

Modern (Beijing) reading: kuì

English meaning : be ashamed

Russian meaning[s]: стыд; стыдиться; стыдно

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 61

Four-angle index: 7466

Karlgren code: 0569 l-m

Character: 愍

Modern (Beijing) reading: mǐn

Russian meaning[s]: 1) жалеть, соболезновать; сострадание, сожаление; 2) горе, печаль; 3) сильный, крепкий

Radical: 61

Four-angle index: 8480

Karlgren code: 0457 z

Character: 愆

Modern (Beijing) reading: qiān

Preclassic Old Chinese: khran

Classic Old Chinese: khran

Western Han Chinese: khran

Eastern Han Chinese: khran

Early Postclassic Chinese: khen

Middle Postclassic Chinese: khen

Late Postclassic Chinese: khen

Middle Chinese: khen

English meaning : to exceed, err, fail, lack

Russian meaning[s]: 1) проступок; ошибка; грех; 2) просрочка; просрочить

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Radical: 61

Four-angle index: 8430

Karlgren code: 0197 b

Shijing occurrences: 58.1

Character: 愷

Modern (Beijing) reading: kǎi

Russian meaning[s]: 1) веселый, жизнерадостный; 2) радостный; победный; триумф, см. 凱

Radical: 61

Four-angle index: 567

Karlgren code: 0548 c

Character: 戡

Modern (Beijing) reading: kān

English meaning : to kill

Radical: 0

Four-angle index: 0

Karlgren code: 0658 q

Character: 戢

Modern (Beijing) reading: jí

English meaning : to fold up, gather in

Russian meaning[s]: 1) убрать; сложить (напр. оружие); 2) скрыться, спрятаться; засада; 3) запретить, прекратить; 4) Цзи (фамилия)

Radical: 62

Four-angle index: 6764

Karlgren code: 0688 e

Character: 搓

Modern (Beijing) reading: cuō

Preclassic Old Chinese: shāj

Classic Old Chinese: shāj

Western Han Chinese: shāj

Eastern Han Chinese: shǟ

Early Postclassic Chinese: shā

Middle Postclassic Chinese: shā

Late Postclassic Chinese: shā

Middle Chinese: châ

English meaning : to spin, twist [Tang]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) тереть, оттирать; потирать (руки); 2) сучить (веревку)

Comments: The character is also used instead of 磋 q.v. Standard Sino-Viet. is tha.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 64

Four-angle index: 101

Vietnamese reading: xe

Jianchuan Bai: chui3, cho6

Dali Bai: cho6

Bijiang Bai: chu4

Character: 搞

Modern (Beijing) reading: gāo

Russian meaning[s]: разг. вм. 弄; 1) получить; добиться; 2) делать; заниматься; 3) отдавать себе отчет, понимать; 4) интересоваться; [qiāo] стучать, колотить, см. 敲

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 64

Four-angle index: 3748

Character: 搪

Modern (Beijing) reading: táng

Preclassic Old Chinese: lhāŋ

Classic Old Chinese: lhāŋ

Western Han Chinese: lhāŋ

Eastern Han Chinese: lhāŋ

Early Postclassic Chinese: dhāŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: dhāŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: dhāŋ

Middle Chinese: dâŋ

English meaning : to ward off; to approach [Tang]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) ставить преграду; противиться; отражать; 2) защищаться (от ветра, дождя, снега); 3) грубо оскорблять; 4) исполнять свои обязанности формально

Comments: A late word, thus the OC reconstruction is not quite secure. For *lh-(could be also *dh-) cf. Chaozhou thaŋ², thɨŋ² (as opposed to Fuzhou toŋ2).

Radical: 64

Four-angle index: 1332

Go-on: dau

Kan-on: tau

Character: 搭

Modern (Beijing) reading: dā

Preclassic Old Chinese: tǝ̄p

Classic Old Chinese: tǝ̄p

Western Han Chinese: tǝ̄p

Eastern Han Chinese: tǝ̄p

Early Postclassic Chinese: tǝ̄p

Middle Postclassic Chinese: tǝ̄p

Late Postclassic Chinese: tǝ̄p

Middle Chinese: tʌp

English meaning : to beat, hit [Wei]

Comments: A rather late attested word; the earliest attested meaning is 'to beat, hit'. Later meanings are 'to mount (a horse, vehicle)'; 'to build up, hang up'; 'to add, make company' - all probably derived from *'to hit'. In Viet., besides d_áp 'to take (train, plane) etc.', there also exists a word d_ắp 'to embank, bank up; build' - which may have ultimately the same source. A more dubious case is Viet. d_ập 'to beat, thrash' (it should be rather considered as genuine because of tonal discrepancy).

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 0

Four-angle index: 0

Vietnamese reading: d_áp