Chinese characters : Query result

Character: 繪

Modern (Beijing) reading: huì

Preclassic Old Chinese: ghʷāts

Classic Old Chinese: ghwāć

Western Han Chinese: wāś

Eastern Han Chinese: wāś

Early Postclassic Chinese: wāś

Middle Postclassic Chinese: wā̀j

Late Postclassic Chinese: wā̀j

Middle Chinese: ɣwầj

English meaning : apply several colors, make variegated

Russian meaning[s]: рисовать; раскрашивать; писать красками

Comments: For *ghʷ cf. Xiamen ui⁶.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 120

Four-angle index: 1521

Karlgren code: 0321 k

Character: 羅

Modern (Beijing) reading: luó

Preclassic Old Chinese: rāj

Classic Old Chinese: rāj

Western Han Chinese: rāj

Eastern Han Chinese: rǟ

Early Postclassic Chinese: lā

Middle Postclassic Chinese: lā

Late Postclassic Chinese: lā

Middle Chinese: lâ

English meaning : bird-net

Russian meaning[s]: 1) силки; сеть; ловить в сеть; поймать; 2) сетка, газ, тюль; 3) расставлять в ряды, расположить, разместить; 4) сокр. Румыния

Comments: Regular Sino-Viet. is la; Viet. là is a colloquial loan with the meaning 'fine silk' (one of the meanings of the word in later periods in Chinese is 'silk woven like a net, thinly woven silk'). An older loan from the same source is Viet. lu'ó'i 'net'. For *r cf. Xiamen, Chaozhou lo², Fuzhou, Jianou lɔ².

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 122

Four-angle index: 901

Karlgren code: 0006 a

Vietnamese reading: là

Character: 繳

Modern (Beijing) reading: jiǎo

Russian meaning[s]: 1) вносить, уплачивать; 2) сдавать; возвращать; 3) взносы; расходы; расходовать; 4) обвязывать; обматывать; [zhuó] стрелять привязной стрелой

Radical: 120

Four-angle index: 6226

Character: 羶

Modern (Beijing) reading: shān

Preclassic Old Chinese: tan

Classic Old Chinese: tan

Western Han Chinese: tan

Eastern Han Chinese: ćan

Early Postclassic Chinese: ćen

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ćen

Late Postclassic Chinese: ćen

Middle Chinese: śen

English meaning : smell of sheep, rancid [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: козлиный запах; вонь

Comments: One of the cases of ś- < *t-.

Radical: 123

Four-angle index: 44

Karlgren code: 0148 q-r

Character: 羹

Modern (Beijing) reading: gēng

Preclassic Old Chinese: krāŋ

Classic Old Chinese: krāŋ

Western Han Chinese: krāŋ

Eastern Han Chinese: krēŋ

Early Postclassic Chinese: kẹ̄ŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: kẹ̄ŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: kẹ̄ŋ

Middle Chinese: kạ̈iŋ

English meaning : soup

Russian meaning[s]: 1) похлебка; суп; навар; 2) ложка

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 123

Four-angle index: 4892

Karlgren code: 0747 a

Go-on: kiyau

Kan-on: kau

Vietnamese reading: canh

Character: 羸

Modern (Beijing) reading: léi

Preclassic Old Chinese: roj

Classic Old Chinese: rwaj

Western Han Chinese: rwaj

Eastern Han Chinese: rwe

Early Postclassic Chinese: lwe

Middle Postclassic Chinese: lwe

Late Postclassic Chinese: lwe

Middle Chinese: lwe

English meaning : lean, emaciated, weak

Russian meaning[s]: 1) тощий, худой; отощать; истощенный; 2) утомиться; усталый; 3) слабый, дряхлый; 4) перевязать, обвязать; 5) закрыть, закупорить

Comments: During L.Zhou used also for a homonymous *roj 'entangle'. For *r- cf. Fuzhou lui², Jianou luoi⁹.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Radical: 123

Four-angle index: 7716

Karlgren code: 0014 c

Character: 臘

Modern (Beijing) reading: là

Preclassic Old Chinese: rāp

Classic Old Chinese: rāp

Western Han Chinese: rāp

Eastern Han Chinese: rāp

Early Postclassic Chinese: lāp

Middle Postclassic Chinese: lāp

Late Postclassic Chinese: lāp

Middle Chinese: lâp

English meaning : winter sacrifice

Russian meaning[s]: 1) соленое мясо (рыба); солить; 2) седьмой день (после рождения или смерти); 3) 12-ый месяц по лунному календарю; жертвоприношение в конце года

Comments: For *r cf. Xiamen liap⁸, Chaozhou laʔ⁸, Fuzhou lak⁸, Jianyang la⁸, Shaowu lan⁶.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 130

Four-angle index: 6681

Karlgren code: 0637 j

Character: 藩

Modern (Beijing) reading: fán

Preclassic Old Chinese: par

Classic Old Chinese: pan

Western Han Chinese: pan

Eastern Han Chinese: pwan

Early Postclassic Chinese: pwan

Middle Postclassic Chinese: pwǝn

Late Postclassic Chinese: pwǝn

Middle Chinese: pwǝn

English meaning : hedge, screen

Russian meaning[s]: 1) изгородь, плетень; загородка, решетка, ставни; 2) защищать(ся), охранять, ограждать; 3) ист. окраина, вассальные земли, дальние владения; власти дальних владений; вассалы; вассальный

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Radical: 140

Four-angle index: 1782

Karlgren code: 0195 s

Character: 藝

Modern (Beijing) reading: yì

Preclassic Old Chinese: ŋets

Classic Old Chinese: ŋeć

Western Han Chinese: ŋjaś

Eastern Han Chinese: ŋjaś

Early Postclassic Chinese: ŋjeś

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ŋjèj

Late Postclassic Chinese: ŋjèj

Middle Chinese: ŋjèj

English meaning : to plant, cultivate; skill

Russian meaning[s]: 1) искусство; техника, мастерство; ремесло, профессия, занятие; 2) литература; 3) сажать (растения); 4) талант

Comments: In MC we have a rare case of preserving ŋ before j (one would rather expect MC *ńèj). Viet. has also a colloquial reading nghề. For *ŋ- cf. Xiamen ge⁶, Chaozhou goi⁶, Fuzhou ŋie⁶.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 140

Four-angle index: 8677

Karlgren code: 0330 f

Vietnamese reading: nghệ

Character: 藪

Modern (Beijing) reading: sǒu

English meaning : marshland rich in game

Russian meaning[s]: 1) озеро; болото; луг; прерии; 2) скопление; место сбора; 3) перен. частная жизнь; 4) древн. с оу (мера), вм. 廋

Radical: 140

Four-angle index: 6259

Karlgren code: 1207 c

Character: 藕

Modern (Beijing) reading: ǒu

Preclassic Old Chinese: ŋhōʔ

Classic Old Chinese: ŋhṓ

Western Han Chinese: ŋhwā́

Eastern Han Chinese: ŋhwā́

Early Postclassic Chinese: ŋhṓw

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ŋhǝ̄̀w

Late Postclassic Chinese: ŋhǝ̄̀w

Middle Chinese: ŋʌ́w

English meaning : lotos root [Han]

Russian meaning[s]: корень лотоса (водяной лилии)

Comments: Tone in Xiamen, Fuzhou ŋau⁶ points most probably to *ŋh-.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 140

Four-angle index: 3998

Character: 藤

Modern (Beijing) reading: téng

Preclassic Old Chinese: Łǝ̄ŋ

Classic Old Chinese: Łǝ̄ŋ

Western Han Chinese: lǝ̄ŋ

Eastern Han Chinese: lǝ̄ŋ

Early Postclassic Chinese: dǝ̄ŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: dǝ̄ŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: dǝ̄ŋ

Middle Chinese: dʌŋ

English meaning : name of a creeping plant [Tang]

Russian meaning[s]: см. 籐

Comments: For unaspirated consonant cf. Xiamen, Chaozhou tiŋ², Fuzhou teŋ². Since the character is attested late, a reconstruction *dǝ̄ŋ is also possible.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 140

Four-angle index: 5548

Character: 藥

Modern (Beijing) reading: yào

Preclassic Old Chinese: lakʷ

Classic Old Chinese: lauk

Western Han Chinese: lauk

Eastern Han Chinese: źauk

Early Postclassic Chinese: źauk

Middle Postclassic Chinese: jak

Late Postclassic Chinese: jak

Middle Chinese: jak

English meaning : to give medicine, cure

Russian meaning[s]: 1) лекарство; лекарственный; целебный, целительный; лечить; 2) зелье, отрава; 3) порох; 4) 10-е число (в телеграммах); 5) Яо (фамилия)

Comments: Also used in the diesheng 勺藥 *dakʷ-lakʷ 'peony'.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 140

Four-angle index: 5290

Karlgren code: 1125 p

Vietnamese reading: du'ọ'c

Jianchuan Bai: jo6

Dali Bai: jo6

Bijiang Bai: jo6

Character: 藷

Modern (Beijing) reading: zhū

Preclassic Old Chinese: ta

Classic Old Chinese: ta

Western Han Chinese: ta

Eastern Han Chinese: ća

Early Postclassic Chinese: ćo

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ćo

Late Postclassic Chinese: ćo

Middle Chinese: ćö

English meaning : taro [Han]

Russian meaning[s]: 藷蔗 сахарный тростник; [shǔ] ямс, вм. 薯

Comments: Usually in the compound 藷蔗 *ta-tia(k)s]. Cf. 薯 *da-s [Han] sweet potato.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Radical: 140

Four-angle index: 1605

Character: 蟻

Modern (Beijing) reading: yǐ

Preclassic Old Chinese: ŋhajʔ

Classic Old Chinese: ŋháj

Western Han Chinese: ŋháj

Eastern Han Chinese: ŋháj

Early Postclassic Chinese: ŋháj

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ŋháj

Late Postclassic Chinese: ŋháj

Middle Chinese: ŋé

English meaning : ant

Russian meaning[s]: 1) муравей; 2) мелкий, ничтожный; устар. вежл. я, мы; 3) во множестве; 4) осадок в вине, отстой

Comments: For *ŋh- cf. Xiamen hia⁶, Chaozhou hia⁴, Fuzhou ŋie⁶. Cf. PAN *aNay 'insect, termite, white ant'.

Radical: 142

Four-angle index: 6780

Karlgren code: 0002 x

Character: 蠅

Modern (Beijing) reading: yíng

Preclassic Old Chinese: lǝŋ

Classic Old Chinese: lǝŋ

Western Han Chinese: lǝŋ

Eastern Han Chinese: źǝŋ

Early Postclassic Chinese: źɨŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: jɨŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: jɨŋ

Middle Chinese: jiŋ

English meaning : a fly

Russian meaning[s]: муха

Comments: Viet. lằng 'bluebottle' is archaic, reflecting a form like WH *lǝŋ. A later loan from the same source is probably Viet. nhặng 'bluebottle' (nh- reflecting MC j- with assimilatory nasalisation); regular Sino-Viet. is dăng.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 142

Four-angle index: 7177

Karlgren code: 0892 a

Vietnamese reading: lằng

Jianchuan Bai: sɨ̃7

Dali Bai: zɨ7

Bijiang Bai: -ńe7-

Character: 蟹

Modern (Beijing) reading: xiè

Preclassic Old Chinese: g(h)rēʔ

Classic Old Chinese: g(h)rḗ

Western Han Chinese: grḗ (~ ɣ-)

Eastern Han Chinese: grḗ (~ ɣ-)

Early Postclassic Chinese: gẹ̄́ (~ ɣ-)

Middle Postclassic Chinese: gẹ̄́ (~ ɣ-)

Late Postclassic Chinese: gẹ̄́ (~ ɣ-)

Middle Chinese: ɣạ̈́

English meaning : crab [Han]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) краб; 2) перен. краболов; 3) 9-е число (в телеграммах)

Comments: Normal Sino-Viet. is gia`i: it is interesting that both this form and the colloquial cáy reflect a voiceless initial (possibly pointing to a variant *krēʔ).

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 142

Four-angle index: 8737

Karlgren code: 0861 d

Vietnamese reading: cáy

Character: 蟾

Modern (Beijing) reading: chán

Russian meaning[s]: 1) жаба; 2) луна

Radical: 142

Four-angle index: 1170

Character: 襠

Modern (Beijing) reading: dāng

Russian meaning[s]: мотня (у штанов)

Radical: 145

Four-angle index: 1740

Character: 襟

Modern (Beijing) reading: jīn

Preclassic Old Chinese: krǝm

Classic Old Chinese: krǝm

Western Han Chinese: krǝm

Eastern Han Chinese: krǝm

Early Postclassic Chinese: kim

Middle Postclassic Chinese: kim

Late Postclassic Chinese: kim

Middle Chinese: kim

English meaning : overlap of a robe [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) передняя пола халата; отворот; 2) перен. чувства, душа; 3) свояк (мужья двух сестер по отношению друг к другу)

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 145

Four-angle index: 8204

Karlgren code: 0655 l