Kurukh :ambnā "to let go, set free, send away, give up, pardon, leave a place"
Malto :ambe "to leave off, forsake"
Additional forms :Also KUR ambā don't!; MLT amba don't!
Number in DED :329
Proto-North-Dravidian :*am-j-
Meaning :to bathe
Kurukh :emnā "to take a bath (all over the body), be covered all over (with sweat, blood)"
Malto :amye "to bathe (oneself)"
Notes :Initial e- in Kurukh is sort of a mystery; the most reasonable explanation is "umlautisation" under the influence of the following -y- (as seen in Malto), but it should be noted that this is not a regular process.
Additional forms :Also KUR emtaʔānā to help one to bathe, bathe (a child, corpse); MLT amte to bathe (another).
Kurukh :aḍnā "to furnish (a drum) with skin, cover it with leather, (birds or bees) construct a nest or honeycomb, stop stubbornly where one is (a naughty child, intrepid combatants, etc.)"
Malto :aṛare "to be hindered"
Notes :The epenthetic vowel in Malto seems to point to an original *-ṛ- (since the inlaut cluster ḍr is not prohibited in Malto).
Meaning :to climb, mount an animal, rise (as sun, moon, stars), rise in pitch (as a drum), get puffed up, (eyes) are turned up before death; (argas) to make climb, lift, haul up, take upon one's shoulders, lay a burden on, begin, raise, increase
Notes :A good example on the differentiation of the 'active' and 'concealed' -j- in Kurukh verbal stems: the -j-preterite and simple preterite stems respectively reflect the unmarked and the causative meanings. In Malto the "concealed" -j- is implicitly indicated by the stop -g- (*arg-nā would have yielded *arg̣-e).
Additional forms :Also KUR argtaʔānā, argaʔānā to make climb, lift up, etc.; MLT argtre to lift, raise.