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Germanic etymology : Search within this database Total of 1991 record 100 pages
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Proto-Germanic: *xarēn-, *xarōn- vb., *xarmian- vb.; *xrṓɵīga-, *xrṓɵia-z, *xrṓɵra-z, *xrōma-z
Meaning: commend, praise
Gothic: *hrōɵīg-s (a) `triumphant'
Old Norse: herma wk. `melden, erzählen; nachahmen'; hrōδ-r m. `Ruhm; Lobgedicht'; hrōsa wk. `loben'
Norwegian: herma vb.; rosa vb.
Old Swedish: rosa vb.
Swedish: härma vb.
Danish: herme `nachahmen'; rose vb.
Old English: hyrian `eifern, nachahmen'; hrōɵor m. `Trost, Freude', hrȫɵ `Ruhm', hrȫmig
East Frisian: nā-hiri `nachahmen'
Old Saxon: hrōm m.; hrōth `Ruhm', Hrōthsvīth PN
Middle Dutch: roem m., n. `roem, heerlijkheid, eer'
Dutch: roem m.
Middle Low German: rōm
Old High German: (h)ruod- in Rüdiger, Rudolf, Ruprecht; (h)ruom (8.Jh.) `Lob, Ehre, Prahlerei'; harēn `rufen', ant-harōn `nachahmen'
Middle High German: ruom, ruon st. m. 'lob, lobpreisund, ruhm, ehre'
German: Ruhm m.
Proto-Germanic: *xarja-z, -n
Meaning: army
Gothic: harji-s m. (ja) `army'
Old Norse: her-r m. `Heer; Menge, Volk'
Norwegian: her
Old Swedish: Run. harija
Swedish: här
Old Danish: Run. harja; hariso, hariuha
Danish: her
Old English: here, gen. heres/heriges/herges m. `army, host, multitude, large predatory band'
Old Frisian: here, hiri m., n.
Old Saxon: heri m.
Middle Dutch: hēre n. `leger, menigte'
Dutch: heer, heir n.
Old Franconian: heri-, here-
Middle Low German: hēr
Old High German: heri n. (8.Jh.)
Middle High German: hɛr, hɛre st. n. 'heer, kriegsheer; überwältigende menge; menge, schar, volk'
German: Heer
Proto-Germanic: *xark=, *xurk=
Meaning: knotty
Norwegian: hork `Weidenband', dial. `runzelig', herkja `zusammenbinden', hurkl `Unebenheit, Knorren', harkal `knorrig'
Proto-Germanic: *xarma-z, *xurma-z
Meaning: harm, injury
Old English: hearm (herm), -es m. `hurt, injury, evil, grief, affliction, pain, injurious speech, calumny, insult'; hearm (herm) `causing harm or sorrow, grievous, injurious, evil, malicious'
English: harm
Middle High German: hurm st. m., hurmen st. n., md. hormen 'feindlicher angriff'
Proto-Germanic: *xarmēn, *xarma-z
Meaning: weasel
Old English: hearma, -an m. `field- mouse or dormouse', hearma-scinnen `of ermine'
Old Saxon: harmo
Old Franconian: harm
Old High German: harmo (IX в.), harm (XI в.)
Middle High German: harm(e) st./wk. m. 'hermelin'
Proto-Germanic: *xarna-n, *xarma-n, *xurmōn- vb.
Meaning: urine
Old High German: harn (9.Jh.)
Middle High German: harn, harm st. m. 'harn'; {hurmen `(mit Jauche) düngen'}
German: Harn m.
Proto-Germanic: *xarp=, xurp=, *skurp=; *xrimpan- vb., *xrampa-z, -ēn, *xrump=; *skirpan-
Meaning: make folds, make rough
Old Norse: skorpa BN; ptc. skorpinn `zusammengeschrumpft'; NIsl harpa `zusammenkneifen'; munn-harpa f. `Hexe'; { skreppa 'ausgleiten' }
Norwegian: harpa, hürpa `lose zusammennähen', hurpa `altse liederliches Weib'; dial. ramp `magerer Mensch'; skorpa `Kruste, Schorf'; skorpen
Swedish: harpa `altes Weib'; dial. harpa ihop `lose zusammemnähen oder anreihen, hudeln'; skorpa `Kruste, Schorf'; dial. skurpin; dial. harpen `geschrumpfte, exemartige Haut'; skrympa
Old Danish: skorpen adj.
Danish: dial. harp `Weib'
Old English: *(h)rimpan (ge-rumpen `runzelig'), hrympel `Runzel'; scerpan `verdorren'
English: shrimp; rumple, dial. rimple 'Runzel, Falte'; dial. rump `magere Kuh'
Middle Dutch: ramp m. `ramp, ongeval, nederlaag, vallende ziekte', rampe m. `id.; kramp bij vogels'; rimpel; rimpr f.; romprl, rumprl; rumpe `rimpel'; rimpen, rimpelen, rompelen, rumpelen; schrepel `dünn, mager'; scrimpen vb. 'runzlig werden'
Dutch: rimpel m.; ramp f.
Middle Low German: rimpe, rimpel `plooi, rimpel', rimpen `runzeln, krümmen', ramp `Krampf', rumpe, rumpele `rimpel'; rimpen vb.; ramp m. `krampf, epilepsie, nood, ramp'; schrimpen vb.; schrumpe 'Falte'
Old High German: rimphan st. (9.Jh.) { (h)rimfan, rimpfan `rugare, contrahere' }
Middle High German: rümphen wk. 'rümpfen'; rampf(e) st./wk. m. `Krampf; Unglück, Niederlage'; rimphen st. 'in Falten zusammenziehen, krümmen, runzeln, einschrumpfen, verdorren'; schrimpfen st. 'in Falten, Runzeln zusammenziehen, krümmen'; schrimpf st. m., schrimpfe wk. f. 'Schramme, kleine Wunde'
German: schrumpfen; rümpfen; schweiz. harpf `eine alte magere Kuh, altes böses Weib'
Proto-Germanic: *xarrō, *xarōn
Meaning: bag, sack
Old Norse: { hera - no signs }
Old High German: harra `Sack'
Middle High German: harre st. f. 'handgeld'
Proto-Germanic: *xarska-, *xarstia-; *skirzán- vb., *skarzṓn- vb., *skurzṓn- vb.; *skurstī
Meaning: rough
Old Norse: herst-r `wild, böse, bitter'
Norwegian: skarra `einen scharrenden Laut hervorbringen'
Swedish: härsk `ranzig'; skorra `einen scharrenden Laut geben'
Danish: harsk `ranzig'
English: [ harsh < NG ]
Old Frisian: herstia `bitter auftreten'
Old Saxon: of-skerran `krabben etc.'
Middle Dutch: scarren, scerren `krabben, afkrabben, wroeten, een knarsend geluid maken'
Dutch: scharrelen; dial. scharren `krabben; schuifelen, knarsen'
Middle Low German: harst `Harke'; harsch `hart, rauh'; scharren `kratzen, scharren'; schurren `einen scharrenden Laut geben'; schurren `einen dumpf kratzenden Ton hervorbringen'
Old High German: hursti `cristas'; skerran `(ab)kratzen' (9.Jh.)
Middle High German: hurst st. f., hürste wk. f.? 'gesträuch, hecke, dickicht'; geharsten wk. 'harsch werden', verharsten wk. 'ganz hart werden, erstarren'; scherren st. 'scharren, (ab)kratzen; graben'; scharren wk. 'kratzen, scharren'
German: scharren, (älter) scherren `schaben, kratzen'; schurren; [ harsch < LG ]; dial. odb. Harsch `gefrorener Schnee, Schneekruste'; harschen `hart, krustig werden (vom Schnee)', verharschen `verkrusten'
Proto-Germanic: *xarta-z, -n
Meaning: resin
Old Saxon: hart
Middle Low German: hart
Old High German: harz 'Harz, Pech' (9.Jh.), harzuh (um 1000)
Middle High German: harz st. n., m. 'harz'
German: Harz n.
Proto-Germanic: *xaruga-z, *xarugō
Meaning: heap
Old Norse: hɔrg-r m. `Steinhaufen, Opferstätte, Steinalter'
Norwegian: horg f. `Haufe, Schar', dial. `Bergkuppe'
Old Swedish: hargher `Opferstätte'
Swedish: dial. harg, horg, horv `Steinhaufe'
Old English: hearg m. `heidnischer Heiligtum'
Old High German: { harug, haruh `heiliger Stain, Opferstätte', harahus `Steinkreis um Grab' }
Proto-Germanic: *xarunda-n
Meaning: skin, body, flesh
Old Norse: hɔrund n. `Haut, Körper, Fleisch'
Norwegian: horong, hörold
Old Swedish: harund
Old Danish: harend
Proto-Germanic: *xarwa-z
Meaning: flax
Old Norse: hɔr-r m. `Flachs'
Norwegian: dial. horr
Old Swedish: hör
Danish: hör
English: harl `vlasvezels'
Old Frisian: her `Flachs'
Dutch: harrel m. `hennepvezel', dial. `vlasstengel', dial. herel, heerl
Middle Low German: harle, herle `draad, vezel van vlas of hennep'
Old High German: { haro, gen. harwes `Flachs' }
Middle High German: har, gen. -wes st. m. 'flachs'
German: { Haar `Flachs' }
Proto-Germanic: *xarwia-, *xarwian- vb.
Meaning: offend
Old Norse: herfilig-r `verächtlich'
Norwegian: herveleg
Old English: hierwan `beschimpfen, verachten, verspotten'
East Frisian: Fris ferhēre `vespotten'
Middle Low German: herwen `herb machen'
Old High German: { harawēn `entzürnen, verspotten' }
Middle High German: har(e), hɛr(e) (harewer, hɛrewer; harwer, hɛrwer) 'herb, bitter'; hɛrwe, hɛrbe, md. harwe st. f. 'herbkeit'; { herwen `verspotten' }
German: herb
Proto-Germanic: *xarz=́
Meaning: a fish
Norwegian: harr
Swedish: harr
Proto-Germanic: *xásala-z, *xásalō(n), *xaslia-n
Meaning: hazel
Old Norse: hasl m. `Hasel'; hasla f. `Haselstange'; hesli n. `Haselstaude'
Norwegian: hasl; hesle- in ON
Old Swedish: häsle
Swedish: hassel
Old Danish: hasle-trä
Danish: hassel
Old English: häsel, -es. m. `hazel'
English: hazel
Dutch: hazelaar
Middle Low German: hasel, hassel m.
Old High German: hasal m. (9.Jh.), hasala f. (11.Jh.)
Middle High German: hasel st./wk. f.
German: Hasel
Proto-Germanic: *xásēn; *xazḗn; *xáswiēn; ? *xísēn
Meaning: hare
Old Norse: heri m. `Hase'; hjasi, hjǟsi m. BN, ? `Hase'
Norwegian: hare; jase `Hase', jos `weibl. Hase, Feigling'
Swedish: hare; jösse `Hase'
Danish: hare
Old English: hara, -an m. `hare'
English: hare
Old Saxon: haso
Middle Dutch: hāse
Dutch: haas m.
Middle Low German: hāse
Old High German: haso m. (8.Jh.)
Middle High German: hase, has wk. m. 'hase'
German: Hase m.
Proto-Germanic: *xáswa-
Meaning: grey
Old Norse: hɔs-s `grau'
Old English: hasu (heasu) `grey, ash-coloured, tawny'
Old High German: hasan `grau glänzend, poliert fein'
Middle High German: heswe 'blass, matt'
Proto-Germanic: *xatiz, *xatōn-, -ēn- vb., *xatjan- vb.; *xōti-
Meaning: hatred, hate
Gothic: hatis n. (a) `hatred, anger'; hatjan wk. `hate'; *hatan wk. `hate'
Old Norse: hatr n. `Hass'; hata wk. `hassen'
Swedish: hat; hata
Old English: hete, -es m. `hatred, enmity, malignity, malice, spite'; { hatian }
English: hate
Old Frisian: hat; hatja vb.
East Frisian: hatia vb.
Old Saxon: heti m. `Feindschaft, Verfolgung'; haton, hettian `haten, vervolgen'; hōti `feindlich, erzürnt'
Middle Dutch: hāte f. (/m.); hat m. `haat, wrok'; hāten
Dutch: haat m.; haten
Old Franconian: haton
Middle Low German: hāt(e)
Old High German: haʒ m. (8.Jh.) `Groll, Feinschaft'; haʒʒēn (8.Jh.), haʒʒōn (9.Jh.); hezzen
Middle High German: haʒ (-ʒʒ-) st. m. 'feinselige gesinnung oder handlung, hass'; haʒʒen wk. 'hassen; ungerne sehen'; hɛtzen wk. 'hetzen, jagen, antreiben'
German: Hass; hassen, hetzen
Proto-Germanic: *xáɵu-z, *xáɵō
Meaning: war, battle
Gothic: Burg *haɵu-s in PN
Old Norse: hɔδ f. (poet.) `Kampf'; Hɔδ-r m. N. eines Gottes
Old Danish: ON Hatharslēf
Old English: heaɵu- (heaɵo-) `war'
Old Saxon: hathu-
Old High German: hathu-, hadu- `Kampf' in PN (Hadu-brant, Hed-wig)
Middle High German: hader st./wk. m. 'zank, streit; liebesstreik; injurienprozess'
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