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Indo-European etymology :

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\data\ie\piet
Proto-IE: *k'erǝm-
Meaning: weasel
Baltic: *čer̂m-ō̃ (-en-es), *čar̂m-ō̃ (-en-es), *čer̂m-ul-ia- (2) c., *čar̂m-ul-ia- (2) c.
Germanic: *xarm-an- m., *xarm-a- m.
Russ. meaning: зверек (ласка, горностай)
References: WP I 463
Proto-IE: *k'erǝn-, *k'erǝm-
Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology
Meaning: caustic liquid (alkali, urine)
Baltic: *čar̂m-a- (1) c., *čirm-iā̃ f.
Germanic: *xarn-a-/*xarm-a- n.; *xurm-ō- vb.
Russ. meaning: едкая жидкость
References: WP I 463
Proto-IE: *kerǝs-
Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology
Meaning: black
Old Indian: krṣṇá- `black'
Old Greek: *karümnó- 'black': karümnón = mélan Hsch.
Slavic: *čьrnъ
Baltic: *ker̂š-a- adj., *kir[š]-n-a- adj.
Russ. meaning: черный
References: WP I 428 f
Proto-IE: *k'erǝs-, *k'rās-
Meaning: hornet
Tokharian: А kronkśe, B kro(n)kśe `Biene' (Adams 217 with doubt)
Slavic: *sьršę̄, gen. -ene
Baltic: *čir̂š-ō̃ (-en-es) (2), *čir̂š-a-, -ia- (2) c., *čir̂š-il-[a]-s m.
Germanic: *xúrs-l-a- m.; *xurz-n-Vt=, *xarz-n-Vt=, *xarz-l-Vt=
Latin: crābrō, -ōnis m. `Hornisse'
Celtic: Cymr creyryn `Wespe'; MIr crebar `Bremse'
Russ. meaning: насекомое (шершень)
References: WP I 403 f
Proto-IE: *kergh-
Meaning: to bind
Tokharian: A, B kärk- (PT *kärk-) 'to bind'; A śorkmi 'strings', B śerkw 'cord, string' (PT *śerkw-)
Baltic: *ker̃g- vb.
Russ. meaning: связывать
References: Adams 162, 633.
Proto-IE: *k(')er-, *k(')rasn-
Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology
Meaning: stream, spring
Hittite: karitt- c. 'Flut, Ueberschwemmung'
Tokharian: ? B kerekauna 'flood' (Adams 195, repeating with doubt Van Windekens' etymology < *(s)koro-ǵhou̯nā 'rapid pouring')
Old Greek: aeol. kránnā, dor., arkad. krā́nā, ion. krḗnē ds. (> att.) `Quelle, Brunnen'; krọ̄́nǟ f.<krọ̄̂nai̯> `full welll' (Hsch.), krọ̄nó-s m. `Quell, Springsquell, Flut, Strom'
Germanic: *xrazn-ṓ f.
Albanian: krúa, gen. krói, pl. krónj m. `source, spring'
Russ. meaning: текущая вода, родник
References: WP I 488 f, Buck 44.
Proto-IE: *kerk-, -g- (kh-)
Meaning: a k. of bird
Old Indian: khargálā f. `an owl or any similar night-bird'
Old Greek: kérkaks = hiéraks Hsch., kerkás, -ádos f. = kréks Hsch., kerkithalís = erōidiós Hsch., kerkís kind of bird Hsch., kérknos = hiéraks, ḕ alektrüṓn Hsch., kérko-s = alektrüṓn Hsch., kírkos a k. of hawk or falcon Hom.+; kórkora 'a bird' (Perg.) Hsch.
Baltic: *kerk-ā̂ f.
Celtic: OIr corr `Kranich', MIr cercc 'Henne', Cymr crychydd `Reiher', OBret corcid `Reiher', Bret kerc'heiz `Reiher'
Russ. meaning: птица (вид)
References: WP I 413
Proto-IE: *kerm-
Meaning: to sleep, to rest
Baltic: *kirm-ī̂- vb.
Germanic: *xir-m-ia- vb.
Russ. meaning: спать, отдыхать
References: WP I 426
Proto-IE: *kermus- / *kremus-
Meaning: wild garlic
Old Greek: ion., att. krómüo-n / krómmüo-n n. `Zwiebel, Allium cepa', krém<m>üon = krómmüon Hsch.
Slavic: *čermъxā, *čermъšā
Baltic: *kermuš-iā̃ f.
Germanic: *xramás-ōn- f., -an- m.
Celtic: MIr crim `Knoblauch'; Cymr (reductionsst.) craf `Knoblauch'
Russ. meaning: растение (черемша)
References: WP I 426 f
Comments: cf. *k'ermus-.
Proto-IE: *k'ermus-, *kermus-
Meaning: cherry-tree, bird-cherry tree
Old Greek: kerasó-s m. (/f.) (on the accent v. Hdn.Gr.I.209) `Süsskirschbaum, Prunus avium'
Slavic: *čermūxā; *sьrmъxā (в схрв. `черемша')
Baltic: *čer̃maûš-, *čer̃muš=, *ker̃maûš=, *ker̃muš=
Russ. meaning: дерево (черешня/черемуха)
References: WP I 411 f
Comments: cf. *kermus-.
Proto-IE: *kern-
Meaning: jaw
Slavic: *černъ, *černo `челюсть; коренной зуб (зап.-слов.; в ЭССЯ 4:69 перепутаны с рукояткой); *černovьnъ(jь) `коренной (о зубе)', *černovītьcь
Celtic: Cymr cern `Kinnbaken', Bret kern `Mühltrichter, Scheitel, Tonsur'; MIr cern `Ecke, Winkel'
Russ. meaning: челюсть
References: WP I 427
Proto-IE: *k'ers-
Meaning: hair, bristle
Slavic: *sьrstь, *sьrxъkъ (>Rus ChSl), *sьršāvъ(jь), *šerxъ (> Rus dial. шорох 'rauhe, unebene Oberfläche')
Baltic: *čür(k)št-u- adj.
Germanic: *xirst-a- adj.; *xurst-i- c., *xurst-iōn- f.
Russ. meaning: шерсть, щетина
References: WP I 427
Proto-IE: *k'ersn-, *k'ersm-
Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology
Meaning: frozen snow-crust, hoar-frost
Armenian: sarrn, gen. sarrin `Eis'
Slavic: *sẽrnъ B, *serno
Baltic: *čar̃m-a- c., *čar̂m-ā̂ (2) f., *čarm- vb. intr.; *čern-a- (1) c., *čern-a- (1) adj.; *čer̃šn-a-, *čer̃šn-ā̂ (1) c., *čer̃š-t-ā̂ f., *čir̃šn-a c.
Germanic: *xirzn-a- n.; *xurz-n-ing-a- m.
Russ. meaning: наст
References: WP I 409
Proto-IE: *kert-
Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology
Meaning: to cut
Hittite: kartai- (I) 'abschneiden, beseitigen' (Tischler 532 f)
Tokharian: B kertte 'sword' (Adams 197)
Old Indian: kr̥ntáti, kártati, ptc. kr̥tta- `to cut, cut off'; kartana- n. `cutting off, excision', kartá- m. `distinction'
Avestan: kǝrǝntaiti `schneidet; schindet; operiert', karǝta- `Messer'
Other Iranian: NPers kārd `Messer'
Old Greek: kormó-s m. `abgehauenes Stück, Klotz, Rumpf'
Slavic: *čьrstī, *čьrtǭ; *čьrtā; *čerslo (лемех)
Baltic: *kir̃t- (*ker̃ta-) vb. tr., *ker̃t-sl-a-, -(s)t-a-, *kir̃t-(s)t-a- c., *ker̃t-iā̃ f.
Albanian: ḱeɵ `schere'
Russ. meaning: резать
References: WP II 573 f
Proto-IE: *kert-, *kret-
Meaning: strong
Old Indian: krátu- m. `plan, resolution, purpose; power, ability'; kaṭu- `pungent, acrid, sharp, bitter'
Avestan: xratu- 'geistige Kraft'
Other Iranian: NPers xirad 'Verstand'
Old Greek: att. krátos, ep., ion. kártos `Stärke'; äol. krétos n. `Stärke, Kraft, Macht, Herrschaft, Sieg'; kratǘ- `stark, mächtig'
Baltic: *kar̃t-u- adj., *kar̃t-ia- c., *kir̃t- vb. intr.
Germanic: *xard-ú-, *xard-í- adj.
Russ. meaning: сильный
References: WP I 354 f, II 573
Proto-IE: *k'er-u-
Meaning: pointed stick; arrow, spear, sword
Old Indian: śáru- m.f. `missile, dart, arrow'
Germanic: *xir-u- m.
Russ. meaning: острая палка, стрела, копье, меч
References: WP II 573 f (differently in Pok.)
Proto-IE: *kerw-
Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology
Meaning: deer, ox, cow
Slavic: *kъrvъ: OPol karw `старый никчемный вол'; *kórvā `корова'
Baltic: *kar̂w-iā̃, *kurw-a- m.
Germanic: *xiru-t-a-, -an- m., *xiru-t-u- c.
Latin: cervus, -ī m. `Hirsch'; cerva f. `Hirschkuh'
Celtic: Cymr carw, Corn carow, Bret karo `Hirsch'
Albanian: алб. ka, pl. qe `ox'
Russ. meaning: скот (олень, бык, корова)
References: WP I 403 f
Comments: Cf. Tokh B karse 'deer, stag' (Adams 145), Greek {κάρτην την βου̃ν. Κρη̃τες Hsch. - nowhere found but in WP and Pok.!}
Proto-IE: *ker(y)-, *krēy-
Meaning: to separate, to divide
Old Greek: krī́nō (thess. krennémen), aor. krī̂nai̯ (lesb. krínnai̯), ps. krithē̂nai̯, pf. kékrika, ps. kékrimai̯, va. kritó- `scheiden, trennen, auswählen, entscheiden, urteilen, verurteilen, richten, anklagen, anfragen'; krī̂ma/krêi̯ma, kríma `Entscheidung, Urteil etc.', kritǟ́-s, -tḗr m. `Richter, Verhörer', krísi-s f. `Entscheidung etc.', adv. dia-kridón, -kridá `abgesondert'
Slavic: *krojī́tī; *krājь
Baltic: *kreĩ- (*krej-a-) vb. tr., *kreĩm-a- c.
Germanic: *xri-dl=, *xri-dr-ō f.; *xrai-n-i- adj.
Latin: cernō, -ere, crēvī, crētum `sichten, scheiden, sondern; unterscheiden (mit den Augen, geistig); entscheiden'; excrēmentum `Ausscheidung'; certus, -a `bestimmt (discretus), sicher gewiss', certāre `zur Entscheidung bringen'; crībrum, -ī `Sieb, Durchschlag'
Russ. meaning: отделять, разделять
References: WP II 573 f
Proto-IE: *kes-
Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology
Meaning: to comb, to scratch
Hittite: kisai- (I) 'kämmen' (Tischler 587), kisri- c. 'etwas aus Wolle' (591)
Tokharian: B kāswo 'Aussatz'
Old Indian: kacchū- f. 'itch, scab, any cutaneous disease'
Avestan: kasvīš 'Krätze, mit einer solchen Behafteter'
Armenian: khos 'Krätze, Räude'
Old Greek: késkeo-n n. `Werg'
Slavic: *česā́tī, *čẽsjǭ; *kosī́tī
Baltic: *kas- (*kas-a-) vb. tr., *kas-ī̂- vb., *kas-a-, *kas-u- c.
Celtic: Ir cīr f. 'Kamm'
Russ. meaning: чесать, расчесывать
References: WP I 449 f
Comments: See also *kAs- 'plait, woman's hair'
Proto-IE: *k'esa-
Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology
Meaning: to cut
Old Indian: śásati, śasti, śāsti , ptc. śasta- `to cut down, kill, slaughter', śástra- n. `instrument for cutting, knife, sword, dagger', śāsá- m. `butcher's knife'
Old Greek: keázdō `spalten, zerschmettern', hom. ptc. prs. kéi̯ōn; eu̯-kéato- `leicht zu spalten', *kéarno-n, pl. kéarna n. 'carpenter's axe' Hsch.
Slavic: [ *kosā́ `Sichel, Sense' ]
Latin: castrāre `be-, verschneiden, kastrieren', castus, -a `enthaltsam, rein, keusch'; carēre `nicht haben, entbehren; sich ent-, fernhalten, vermissen'; castus, -ūs m. `Enthaltung von Genüsdsen aus religiösen Gründen'
Other Italic: Osk fakiiad kasit `faciat oportet'; castrous `fundi'; Umbr kastruvuf, castruo (acc. pl.) `fundos'
Celtic: MIr cess `Speer'
Russ. meaning: резать
References: WP I 448 f
piet-meaning,piet-balt,piet-germ,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-balt,piet-germ,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-ind,piet-greek,piet-slav,piet-balt,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,piet-meaning,piet-tokh,piet-slav,piet-balt,piet-germ,piet-lat,piet-celt,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,piet-meaning,piet-tokh,piet-balt,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-hitt,piet-tokh,piet-greek,piet-germ,piet-alb,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,piet-meaning,piet-ind,piet-greek,piet-balt,piet-celt,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,piet-meaning,piet-balt,piet-germ,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,piet-meaning,piet-greek,piet-slav,piet-balt,piet-germ,piet-celt,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,piet-comment,piet-meaning,piet-greek,piet-slav,piet-balt,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,piet-comment,piet-meaning,piet-slav,piet-celt,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,piet-meaning,piet-slav,piet-balt,piet-germ,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-arm,piet-slav,piet-balt,piet-germ,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-hitt,piet-tokh,piet-ind,piet-avest,piet-iran,piet-greek,piet-slav,piet-balt,piet-alb,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,piet-meaning,piet-ind,piet-avest,piet-iran,piet-greek,piet-balt,piet-germ,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,piet-meaning,piet-ind,piet-germ,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-slav,piet-balt,piet-germ,piet-lat,piet-celt,piet-alb,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,piet-comment,piet-meaning,piet-greek,piet-slav,piet-balt,piet-germ,piet-lat,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-hitt,piet-tokh,piet-ind,piet-avest,piet-arm,piet-greek,piet-slav,piet-balt,piet-celt,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,piet-comment,piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-ind,piet-greek,piet-slav,piet-lat,piet-ital,piet-celt,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,
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