Indo-European etymology : Query result

Proto-IE: *as-er/n-, *es-er/n- <PIH *esH-er/n->

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: blood

Hittite: eshar, ishar gen. e/ishanas (Tischler 112ff)

Tokharian: A ysār, B yasar `Blut' (PT *yäsār) (Adams 487)

Old Indian: ásr̥k, instr. asr̥jā, gen. asnáḥ `blood'; postved. asra- n. id.

Armenian: ariun `Blut'

Old Greek: éar, ẹ̄̂ar, ē̂ar n. `Blut' (Lehnw. < anat. íkhōr)

Baltic: *asen-i-, *asin-i- c.

Latin: aser, OLat assyr n. `Blut', assarātum `ein Trank aus Wein und Blut gemischt' [sanguis - most probably also here < *asen-gʷ-]

Russ. meaning: кровь

References: WP I 162

Comments: Cf. also *sān- 'blood; health'.

Proto-IE: *(a)sker-

Meaning: worm, grasshopper, lizard

Old Greek: askarís, -ídos f. `Eingeweidewurm, Springwurm, Stechmückenlarve'; skarís, -ídos f. = askarís Hsch.

Slavic: *āščerъ, *āščerīcā, *āščerъkā

Baltic: *skēr-ia- c., *skir̃=

Germanic: *skēr=, *askVr=

Albanian: hárdhje, pl. hárdhje `lizard'

Russ. meaning: жаба (гад)

References: WP II 566 f

Proto-IE: *(a)skʷal-, *kʷal-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: a k. of big fish; whale

Avestan: kara- `a mythical fish'

Old Greek: áspalos = ikhtǘs (Athaman.) Hsch.; aspaliéu̯-s 'angler'

Baltic: *kal-[a]- m.

Germanic: *xwal-a- m., *xwal-i- c.; *xwal-is-a- m.

Latin: squalus, -ī `ein grösserer Meerfisch, Meersaugfisch ?'

Russ. meaning: рыба - кит

References: WP II 541

Proto-IE: *(a)sparag-, *(a)sprāg- (-ph-)

Meaning: sprout

Old Indian: sphūrja-, sphū́rjaka- m. `a k. of plant (Diospyros Embryopteris, Strychnos etc. (L.)'

Avestan: sparǝɣa- '"Spross" von den Widerhaken unterhalb der Pfeilspitze', fra-sparǝɣa- `Schössling, Zweig'

Old Greek: aspárago-s, asphárago-s m. `junger Trieb; Spargel'

Baltic: *spur̂g-a- c., *spur̂g-ā̂ (1) f.; *sprā̂g-ā̂ (1) f.

Germanic: *sprak-ja- n., *sprak-ul-ō(n-) f., *spruk-a-, *spruk-al=

Russ. meaning: побег

References: WP II 672 f

Proto-IE: *(a)ster- <PIH *H->

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: star

Hittite: haster- c. 'Stern' (Tischler 204ff); astira- c. 'Stern?' (Tischler 86)

Tokharian: A śre (pl. śreñ), B śćirye (PT *śćäriye) 'star' (Adams 640)

Old Indian: pl. nom. str̥ṇas, tāras, gen. str̥ṇām, instr. stŕ̥bhiṣ m. `star'; tarā f. Stern }

Avestan: acc. stā̆rǝm, gen. stārō, pl. staras-ča, stārō, acc. strǝ̄us, gen. strǝ̄n, dat. stǝrǝbyō 'Stern'

Armenian: astɫ, gen. asteɫ `Stern, Gestirn'

Old Greek: astḗr, -éros, pl. ástra `Stern'; asteropǟ́ f. `Blitz', steropǟ́, astrapǟ́ `id.'

Germanic: *stir-n-a- m., *stir-n-ōn- f., -an- m.; *stirr-ōn- f., -an- m.

Latin: stēlla f. `Stern'

Celtic: Bret sterenn, Corn sterenn (pl. steyr), Cymr seren `Stern'

Russ. meaning: звезда

References: WP II 635 f

Proto-IE: *at / *et

Meaning: prep./adv.: from; but

Tokharian: A atas, B ate 'away' (Adams 10)

Old Indian: ataḥ 'from there', ati- 'beyond, over'

Avestan: aiti- (adv., pvrb.) 'dass.'

Other Iranian: OPers atiy- 'beyond, over'

Old Greek: atár 'however'; éti 'überdies, noch'

Slavic: *otъ

Baltic: *et(i)-, *at(i)-

Germanic: *aɵa, *ida-wīta-

Latin: at 'aber' (< 'darüber-hinaus'); at-avus, at-nepos; et 'und, auch'

Other Italic: Umbr, Paelign et 'und'

Celtic: *ati- 'über-hinaus; zurück, wieder': Gaul ate- in Ategnātus, MBret (h)aznat, NBret anat 'bekannt'; OBret Ate-cotti, OIr aith-, (vortonig) ad- 'wieder, ent-', MCymr at-, NCymr ad-, ed-

Russ. meaning: от, прочь (нареч.); но

Proto-IE: *ata, *atta <PIH *a->

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: father

Hittite: atta- c., Lyd. ata- (Tischler 92)

Other Iranian: Osset äda `Vater'

Old Greek: voc. átta `Väterchen'

Slavic: *otьcь, *otьnъ(jь)

Germanic: *áɵ-Vl=; *ṓɵ-Vl=; *ōd-ṓ f.; *att-an- m.

Latin: atta m. `Vater; Kosewort der Kinder dem Vater gegenüber'

Celtic: MIr aite `Pflegevater'

Albanian: at `Vater'

Russ. meaning: отец

References: WP I 44, Buck 103

Proto-IE: *at-, *ad-

Meaning: skin, cover

Old Indian: átka- m. `armour, mail, garment'

Avestan: aδka-, at_ka- m. `Oberkleid, Mantel'

Old Greek: áttomai, diázdomai̯ `das Gewebe anzetten', diázdomai̯ `ziehe die Kettenfäden auf den Webstuhl auf, webe', ásma, díasma n. `Kettenfaden', ǟ́trio-n n. `Aufzug des Gewebes, Kettenfaden', hom. pl. epǟ́trimoi̯ `dicht nebeneinander'; askó-s 'abgezogene Haut, daraus gefertigter lederner Schlauch'

Baltic: *ā̂d-ā̂ f. (2)

Russ. meaning: шкура, покрышка

References: WP I 134, Fraenkel 515 (somewhat different in Pok.)

Proto-IE: *(a)tor[e]kʷ-, *(a)trēkʷ-

Meaning: to twist; spindle

Old Indian: tarku- m. n. `spindle'

Old Greek: átrakto-s m. (/f.) `Spindel; Pfeil'

Slavic: *torkъ

Baltic: *tark=

Germanic: *ɵrēx-s=, *ɵrēxs-t-[ō]- vb.

Latin: torqueō, -ēre, torsī, tortum `drehen, winden; verdrehen; martern'; torquēs, -is f. `Halskette; Blumenkete', tortus, -a `gedrehet; verfänglich'; tortor, -ōris m. `Folterknecht, Schinder, Bedränger'; tormentum, -ī n. `Seil zum Aufwinden; Fesel; Wurfmaschine; Folter; Folterwerkzeug; Marter, Plage'; pl. tormina n. `Leibschmerz, bes. Ruhr', torculum, -ī n. `Presse, Kelter'

Albanian: tjerr `spinnen'

Russ. meaning: крутить; веретено

References: WP I 735 f

Proto-IE: *au

Meaning: prep./adv.: from

Hittite: awan 'neben, daneben; ganz weg' (Tischler 98-99)

Old Indian: áva- 'off, away, down' (pref., prep.); ávara- 'inferior'; avár, aváḥ 'downwards'

Avestan: ava 'herab; worauf zu, heran' (praef., praep.); aorā̆ 'nach unten, hinab'; adv. avarǝ 'hinab, herab'

Other Iranian: OPers ava 'herab'

Old Greek: ? au̯- in aukháttein = anakhoreîn, anakházesthai Hsch.

Slavic: *ū (praef.) 'weg, ab', *ū (praep.)

Baltic: *au-

Latin: au- 'fort' (auferō, aufugiō); vē- zur Bezeichnung eines fehlerhaften Zuviel oder Zuwenig (vēcors, vēgrandis etc.)

Celtic: OIr ō, ūa 'von, mit, durch'

Russ. meaning: от, прочь

References: WP I 13 f

Proto-IE: *aukʷ- (-kʷh-)

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: oven, cooking pot

Old Indian: ukhá- m., ukhā́ f. `boiler, caldron, vessel'

Old Greek: ipnó-s Hdt., Hp., Antiph., Diph.Siph., Semon., Ar., etc., {att. (Arst.) ípno-s - not found!} m. `Ofen; Küche; Laterne'

Baltic: *auk-š-l-ia- c.

Germanic: *úx(w)n-a- m., *u(g)wn-á- m.

Latin: aulla, aula f. `Topf, Hafen'; dem. auxilla `olla, parvula'

Russ. meaning: сосуд (горшок для варки пищи, печь)

References: WP I 24 f

Comments: Not here: Prus wumpnis `Backofen' V. 331, umnode `Backhaus'.

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