Indo-European etymology : Query result

Proto-IE: *newǝ-

Meaning: to incline, to nod

Old Indian: návate, nāuti `to go', nāvayati `to move from the place, remove' [?]

Old Greek: néu̯ō, aor. nêu̯sai̯, pf. m.-p. -néneu̯mai̯ `nicken, sich neigen, winken'; nêu̯ma n. `Wink', nêu̯si-s f. `Nicken, Neigung', neu̯stázdō `nicken, winken'

Slavic: *po-nūrъ(jь)

Baltic: *neũ-s- (-ja-) vb. tr., *neû-g-ā̂ f. (1?)

Latin: ab-, ad-, con-, in-, re-nuō, -ere, -nūī, -nūtum `nicken, winken, sich neigen'; nūtāre `sich hin und her neigen, schwanken, wanken', nūtus, -ūs `das Sich-Neigen, Wink, Befehl', nūmen n. `Wink, Wille'

Russ. meaning: наклоняться, кивать

References: WP II 323 f (differently in Vasm.)

Proto-IE: *newǝ-

Meaning: to shout

Tokharian: A, B nu- 'cry out, threaten' (PT *nu-) (Adams 339)

Old Indian: návate, nauti, nuvati, ptc. nuta- `to sound, shout, praise'

Slavic: *nɨ̄́tī 'weinen'

Latin: nūntius, -a (OLat -ou-) `verkündend', nūntius, -ī m. Melder; Nachricht'

Celtic: *neul- > nūall n. `Schrei, Lärm', nualcha `clamosus'

Russ. meaning: кричать

References: WP II 323 (differently in Vasm.)

Proto-IE: *ney-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to shine, to sparkle

Old Indian: nayanā̆- n. f. `eye', nētra- n. id.

Latin: niteō, -ēre, -uī `glänzen, blinken, strahlen, prangen', nitidus, -a `glänzend, gleissend, wohlgenährt, schmuck'; renīdēre `zurückstrahlen, glänzen, schimmern, lächeln'

Celtic: *neimā, *neim- > MIr niam `Glanz, glänzender Schmuck', niamde `glänzend'; Cymr nwyf `Lebhaftigkeit', nwyfiant `Glanz, Gewalt', nwyfo `lebendig werden'

Russ. meaning: сверкать, сиять

References: WP II 321

Proto-IE: *neyǝ-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: lower; bottom

Old Indian: ní `down', nitarā́m `downwards'; nīpa- `situated low, deep', nīca- `low'

Avestan: nī `nieder(wärts), nitǝma- `der unterste'

Armenian: ni-, n- `nieder'

Old Greek: sup. ep. néi̯ato-, néato-, ark. nḗato-, nē̂to- (Hsch.) `unterster, ässerster', néi̯aira f. `die unterste, unten befindlich'; nei̯óthe(n) `von unten', nei̯óthi `unten'

Slavic: *nīzъ; *nīkъ/*nīcь; *nīknǭtī, *nīkātī/*nīcātī

Germanic: *ni-ɵr=, *ní-ɵa-n=; *ni-(g)w-Vl=

Russ. meaning: нижний, низ

References: WP II 335 f

Proto-IE: *nē, *ne, *ney

Meaning: part. negat.

Hittite: natta 'nicht', nawi 'noch nicht' (Friedrich 149)

Tokharian: A a(n)-, B e(n)- 'negative prefix' (PT *e(n)-) (Adams 83)

Old Indian: na, nā 'not'; ned 'not, not indeed'; a- `un-'

Avestan: na 'nicht'; naē-čiš 'keiner'; nōit 'durchaus nicht'; a-

Other Iranian: OPers na 'nicht'; nay 'durchaus nicht'; a-

Armenian: an-

Old Greek: ne-; a-, an-

Slavic: *ne; *nē-kъto usw.; *nī, *nī-kъto

Baltic: *nē̆, *nei

Germanic: *nē, *ni, *nai; *un-

Latin: ne-fas, ne-sciō, ne-cesse, ne-uter, ne-que; nē 'nicht; dass nicht', nī, OLat nei 'nicht, gar nicht; si non'; qid-nī; in- (ält. en-)

Other Italic: Osk ne 'non, nē'; ni 'ne', nei 'nicht', neip 'neque'; Osk, Umbr an-; Marruc ni 'nē'

Celtic: OIr ne-ch 'aliquis', Cymr nep 'qiuspiam', OIr nō, no, nū, Cymr neu, OBret nou 'oder'; OIr ni, nī, MCymr ny, NCymr ni, Corn ny, Bret ne 'nicht'; OIr in-, ē-, an-, Cymr, Corn, Bret an-

References: WP II 319 f

Proto-IE: *nētr-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: grass-snake, water-snake

Germanic: *nadr-á- m., *nadr-ṓn- f.; *nēdr-ṓ f.

Latin: natrix, gen. -icis m., f. `Wasserschlange'

Celtic: *natrī > OIsl nathir, gen. nathrach `natrix, serpens'; Corn nader `Schlange', OBret pl. natrol-ion `Basilisken', MBret azr `Schlange', NBret aer ds., Cymr neidr, pl. nadroedd `ds.'

Russ. meaning: жаба (уж, водяная змяя)

References: WP II 327 f

Proto-IE: *nēy-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to lead

Hittite: nai-, ne- (II) 'lenken, leiten, richten, schicken' (Friedrich 147-148)

Old Indian: náyati, ptc. nītá- `to lead, guide'; nétar- `leading', netár- m. `leader', netrá- n. `leading, guiding'

Avestan: nayeiti `führt'

Other Iranian: MPers nītan `führen, treiben'

Slavic: ? *nētī `нести' (only SrbCro - see etymology ESSJa q.v.)

Celtic: *neit- > OIr nīath, arch. nēth `Held', ogam. gen. nētas, MIr nē, nae `Held'

Russ. meaning: вести

References: WP II 321

Proto-IE: *nēy-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to sew

Old Indian: nīví, nīvī f. `a piece of cloth wrapped round the waist'

Slavic: *nītъ, *nītь, *nītjā

Baltic: *nī̂t-i- (1) c.

Germanic: *nē-ja- vb., *nē-d-í- c., *nē-ɵl-ō f., *nē-dl-ō f.

Celtic: *nāt= > OIr nāthat `Nadel'; Cymr nodwydd `acus, acicula', OCorn notuid `Nadel', MBret nadoez `Nadel'

Russ. meaning: шить

References: WP II 694 f

Comments: [Seems to be distinct from *snē(y)- 'spin']

Proto-IE: *nēyt-, *nyēt-

Meaning: to be hostile, to attack

Tokharian: A ñātse, B ñyātse 'danger, plague, distress' (Adams 273 < *ni̯ēti̯o-)

Germanic: *nī́ɵ-a- n., m.; *nī́ɵ-ia- vb., *nī́ɵ-ō- vb., *nī́ɵ-an- m.

Celtic: *nīt- > OIr nīth `Kampf, Schlacht, Not'

Russ. meaning: намеревать зло, нападать

References: WP II 336

Proto-IE: *nizd-

Meaning: nest

Old Indian: nīḍá- m. n. `place for settling down, resting-place, abode; bird's nest'

Armenian: nist `Lage, Sitz, Residenz'

Slavic: *gnēzdo

Baltic: *lizd-a- c., *lizd-ā̂ f.

Germanic: *nist-a- n.

Latin: nīdus, -ī m. `Nest'

Celtic: MIr net `Nest'; Cymr nyth `Nest, Wohnung', Corn neid, Bret nez, neiz `ds.'

Russ. meaning: гнездо

References: WP II 483 f

Proto-IE: *nogʷ- ( < *logʷ- with assimilations?)

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: naked

Hittite: nekumant- (nikumant-) 'nackt, entkleidet' (Friedrich 150)

Old Indian: nagná- `naked'

Avestan: maɣna- 'nackt'

Other Iranian: WOsset bäɣnäɣ nackt

Old Greek: gümnó- 'naked' (with assimilation *nogʷno- > *gogʷno-); <lümnó->: lümnós = gümnós Hsch. (< *logʷno-)

Slavic: *nāgъ(jь)

Baltic: *nō̂g-a- (2) adj.

Germanic: *nakw-a-, *nakw-ad-a-, *nakw-id-a-, *nakw-n-a- adj.

Latin: nūdus, -a `bloss, nackt; leicht bekleidet'

Celtic: *nogtʷo-: OIr nocht `nackt'; Cymr noeth `nackt'; *logʷ-no- > *lummo- > OIr lomm `bloss, nackt', lommar id., MIr lommraim `schäle'; Cymr llwm `bloss, nackt'

Russ. meaning: голый

References: WP II 339 f, 417 f

Proto-IE: *nogʷh-, *nogʷh-t-

Meaning: night

Hittite: neku- (I) 'es wird Abend, es dämmert', nekut- c. 'Abend' (Friedrich 150)

Tokharian: A nakcu, B nekcīye 'last night, at night' (PT *nekʷcäwye-) (Adams 342)

Old Indian: nákta- (acc. náktam) n., naktā́ (instr. naktayā́) f. `at night'; nak, nákti- f. `night'; aktā́ `night'; aktú- m. `dark tinge, darkness, night; tinge, ray, light'

Old Greek: nǘks, gen. nüktós f. `Nacht'; in Zs. nükti-, nükto-; adv. nǘktōr `nachts'; *acc. nü̆́khă = nǘktōr Hsch., hom. ẹ̄ná-nükho- `neun Nächte hindurch' (adj.), én-nükho-, en-nǘkhio- `nächtlich, in der Nacht', pan-nǘkhio- die ganze Nacht dauernd, nǘkhio- `nächtlich', *loc. au̯to-nükhī́ (~ -éi) 'in derselben Nacht' Arat., A.R.; ? aktī́s, gen. -ī̂n-os f. `Strahl, Licht' (see PIE *Ang-)

Slavic: *notjь

Baltic: *nakt-i- (*nakt=)

Germanic: *naxt- c., *naxt-i- c.

Latin: nox, gen. noctis (OLat nox), alb. nocte, pl. gen. noctium `Nacht'; adv. (*gen.) nox `nachts'; noctū `bei Nacht'

Celtic: OIr innocht `hac nocte'; Cymr peu-noeth `jede Nacht', heno `hac nocte', nos `Nacht', neit-hiwyr, neit-hwyr `last night' (hwyr `Abend'); MCymr trannoeth `am folgendfen Tage', Corn haneth `hac nocte', nos `Nacht', nehues `last night', Bret henoz `hac nocte', noz `Nacht', NBret neizeur `last night', MBret neyzor `last night'

Albanian: natɛ Nacht

Russ. meaning: ночь

References: WP II 337 f

Comments: Cont. with *Ang- 'early'.

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