Indo-European etymology : Query result

Proto-IE: *sleig(')-

Meaning: to beat

Germanic: *slīk-a- vb., *slīk-ia- m., *slaik-i- adj.

Latin: ligō, -ōnis m. `Hacke'

Russ. meaning: бить

References: WP II 707

Proto-IE: *sleim-

Meaning: slug

Old Greek: léi̯mak-s, -akos m. (Hsch.) `nackte Schnecke'

Slavic: *slīmākъ, *slīmūšь etc.

Latin: līmāx, gen. -ācis m., f. `Wegschnecke'

Russ. meaning: жаба (слизняк)

References: WP II 389 f

Proto-IE: *(s)leiw-

Meaning: smooth, slippery

Old Greek: lêi̯o- `eben (vom Boden u. a.), glatt (von Flachen usw.); feingesiebt, zerrieben'

Latin: lēvis, -e `glatt, blank, schlüpfrig; fliessend', līma f. `Feile'

Russ. meaning: гладкий, скользкий

References: WP II 389 f

Proto-IE: *slenkʷ-

Meaning: to writhe (of snakes)

Baltic: *sliñk- (*sleñk-a-) vb., *slañk-ju-; *sliñk-a- adj., *slank-ā̂ c., *sluñk-ju- c.

Germanic: *sling(w)-a- vb., *slang(w)-an- m., *slangw-ia- vb., *sling(w)-ōn- f.

Russ. meaning: изгибаться (о змее)

References: WP II 714 f

Proto-IE: *sleyǝw-

Meaning: sloe, plum(-tree); plum-blue

Slavic: *slī́vā; *slīvъ: Sloven slìv `bläulich'

Germanic: *sláixw-ōn-/*slai(g)w-ṓn- f.

Latin: līvēre `bleifarbig, bläulich sein', līvor, -ōris m. `bläuliche Farbe'; līvidus, -aq `blauschwarz, blaugrau'

Celtic: OIr lī `Farbe, Glanz'; Cymr lliw, OCorn liu, NCorn lyw `ds.'; OBret, NBret liou `Farbe', OBret liou `naevum'

Russ. meaning: дерево (терновник, слива); синенький

References: WP II 715 f

Comments: One could think of a borrowing in Slav. < Germ., if not for a similar case with the "willow", *eyǝw-: *slī́vā ~ *sláixw-ōn-/*slai(g)w-ṓn- f. = *jī́vā ~ *ī(g)w-á-/*ī́xw-a- m., *ī(g)w-ṓ/*ī́xw-ō f., *ī(g)w-V́n-.

Proto-IE: *(s)lēg-

Meaning: soft, weak

Hittite: zaluganu- (zalugnu-) 'zurückhalten, verzögern', zalukes- 'lange dauern' (Friedrich 258, 259)

Old Greek: lḗgō, aor. lē̂ksai̯, kata-llḗksei̯an (Hom.), va. á-(l)lēkto- `aufhören, zu Ende gehen, ablassen', tr. `aufhören lassen, stillen'; lē̂ksi-s f. `das Aufhören', lagaró- `schlaff, schmächtig, dünn'; laŋgázdō `nachlassen, erschlaffen', ptc. laŋgṓn (láŋgōn ?) `ho euthǜs lanthánōn toû agō̂nos kài tôu phóbou' (EM), 3 sg. laŋgéu̯ei̯ `phéu̯gei' (Hsch.);; lagái̯ō, aor. lagásai̯ `freilassen'; lagṓn, -ónos f. `die Weichen, die Dünnen; hohle Seite, Flanke', lágano-n n. `dünner Kuchen, Plinse'; lágno- `geil, wollüstig'

Slavic: *lā́godā

Baltic: *leg=

Germanic: *lak-a- adj., *lēk-a- adj., *lōk=; *slak-a- adj., *slak-n-a- vb., *slak-ja- vb., *slōk=, *slēk=

Latin: laxus, -a `locker, schlaff', langueō, -ēre, -uī `matt, schlaff sein, welken; abgespannt, unlustig sein'

Celtic: *lakkó- > OIr lacc `schlaff, schwach'; MCymr llacc `schlaff', Cymr llac `schlaff'

Russ. meaning: мягкий, слабый, податливый; быть таким

References: WP II 712 f (differently in Vasm.)

Comments: About Lett l̨- inspite of l- cf. Endz. Lett. Gramm. #91.

Proto-IE: *slough-

Meaning: to serve, servant

Slavic: *slūgā́, iter. *slūžī́tī

Baltic: *slaũg-ā̂ f., *slaũg- vb. tr.

Celtic: *slougo-s, *tego-slougo-s: OIr sluag `Schar', teg-lach `Hausgenossenschaft, Familie'; Cymr llu, OCorn luu, MCorn lu Heer, OCymr te-lu, NCymr teu-lu, OCorn tei-lu `Familie'

Russ. meaning: служить; не работающее но служащее (челядь)

References: WP II 716

Proto-IE: *slōgʷ-

Meaning: torment, punishment

Old Greek: lṓbǟ f. `Schimpf, Schmach, Schaden, Misshandlung'

Baltic: *slā̂g-ā̂ (2) f., *slāg-u- adj., *slā̂g- vb. inch., *slāg-in̂- vb.

Russ. meaning: плохое обращение, наказание

References: WP II 714

Proto-IE: *slōt- (~ -ā-), *slAut-

Meaning: drizzle, sleet

Slavic: *slotā

Germanic: *sludd=; *slaud-ō f., *slōd-a- m.

Russ. meaning: снег с дождем, слякоть

Proto-IE: *slūb-

Meaning: to slip

Tokharian: A, B lup- 'rub lightly with a liquid, smear' (Adams 557)

Baltic: *šlub-a-, *šlüb-a- adj., *šlub- vb. inch., *šlub-ī̂- vb.

Germanic: *slūp-a-/*sliup-a- vb., *slaup-(i)ō- f., *slaup-ia- vb., *slup-a- m., *slup-ja- vb., *sluf-t-i- c., etc.

Latin: lūbricus, -a `schlüpfrig, glatt, gleitend; bedenklich, gefährlich'

Russ. meaning: скользить

References: WP II 710 f

Comments: Baltic has a contamination with *k'l[e]w- 'lame'.

Proto-IE: *(s)lūg-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: weak, languid, small

Baltic: *slaûg-an-a-, *sleug-[a]-, *sleûg-an-a- adj., *slū̂g- vb. intr.

Germanic: *slūk-a- (~ -au-) vb., *slauk-a- adj., *sluk-n-ō- vb., *slauk-Vr-ō- vb.; *luk-ō- vb., *luk-r-ō- vb., etc.

Russ. meaning: слабый, вялый, маленький

References: WP II 708 f

Comments: See other roots with *[s]l- meaning 'weak, lax'.

Proto-IE: *(s)lūg'-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to slip, to slip down

Slavic: *lɨ̄́žā, *lɨ̄́žъvā; *lɨ̄́zgātī; *lɨ̄́zgāvъ(jь)

Baltic: *šlüǯ-iā̃ f., *šleũǯ- vb., *šluǯ-jā̂-, *šlüǯ-jā̂- vb.

Germanic: *slūk-a- vb., *slūk-a- m., etc.

Russ. meaning: скользить, сползать etc.

References: WP II 711

Proto-IE: *(s)lūk-, -g-

Meaning: to swallow

Old Greek: lǘzdō, lüŋgánomai̯ (Hsch.), aor. lǘŋksai̯ `das Schlucken haben, schluchzen'; lüŋk-s, gen. lüŋgós f. `das Schlucken', lügmó-s m. `das Schlucken', ololügmó-s `id.' (Hsch.); adv. lǘgdǟn `schluchzend'

Slavic: *lɨ̄kātī, *lɨ̄kъ, *lъkātī

Baltic: *luk-in̂- vb.

Germanic: *slūk-a- vb., *slūk-a- m., *sluk-jōn- f., *slauk-iōn- f., *slukk=, etc.

Celtic: *slunk- > OIr slucim `schlucke', Ir sloigim `schlucke', Cymr llyncu `schlucken', OBret ro-luncas `hat verschlungen', Bret lonka `schlucken'

Russ. meaning: глотать

References: WP II 711 f

Proto-IE: *smAk-, -g-

Meaning: taste

Baltic: *smag-u- adj., *smag-ur-[a]- c.

Germanic: *smak-an- m.; *smak-ē- vb., *smak-ja- vb., *smakka- m., n., *smakk-an- m.; *smag-m-an- m.

Russ. meaning: вкус

References: WP II 689

Proto-IE: *smakr- (IndoIr. -k'-)

Meaning: beard, chin

Hittite: zamangur, zamakur n. 'Bart' (Friedrich 259), samankurwant- 'bärtig' (180)

Old Indian: śmáśru n. `beard, moustache'

Armenian: maurukh, mōrukh `Bart'

Baltic: *smakr-a-, -ia- c., -ā̂ f.

Germanic: *smáxr-ia- m.

Latin: māla f. `Kinnbacke, Kinnlade; Wange; Bart', dem. maxilla `Kinnbacke; Kinn'

Celtic: Ir smech `Kinn'

Albanian: mjekrɛ Kinn, Bart

Russ. meaning: борода, подбородок

References: WP II 689

Proto-IE: *(s)mal-/-e-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: small, mean, malicious

Tokharian: A smale 'Lüge', smālok 'Lügner'

Avestan: mairya- 'betrügerisch, schurkisch'

Armenian: meɫ, pl. -kh `Sünde'

Old Greek: méleo- `eitel, vergeblich, nichtig, unglücklich'; blás-phǟmo- `lästernd, verleumdend, der Vedrleumder', blasphǟméō `schmähen, lästern, verleumden'

Slavic: *mā́lъ(jь)

Baltic: *mel-a-, *mal-a- adj., *mel-ja-, -ia- c., *mel̃s- vb. tr.

Germanic: *smal-a- adj.; *smal-an- m.

Latin: malus `schlecht, minderwertig; übel, böse; lose'; malitia `täuschende Bosheit, Tücke'

Other Italic: Osk mallom, mallud `id.'

Celtic: *mell- > MIr mell `Sünde, Fehler', mellaim `betrüge'

Russ. meaning: злонамеренный

References: WP II 291 + REFERNUM 1278

Comments: Differently in Pok.

Proto-IE: *smā-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to oil

Old Greek: smáō, -omai̯, aor. smǟ́sai̯, -sasthai̯ `(ab)reiben, abwischen', md. auch `sich einreiben, salben'; smǟ̂ma n. `Reinigungsmittel, Seife, Salbe'; smǟ́khō = smáō; smṓkhō `zerreiben, zermalmen'

Latin: macula f. `Fleck, Flecken, Mal, Schandfleck, Makel; Masche in Geweben und Gespinsten'

Russ. meaning: мазать

References: WP II 685 f

Proto-IE: *smāg-

Meaning: to beat, to throw

Baltic: *smā̃g- (-ja-) vb. tr., *smā̃g-ia- c., *smag-ī̂-, -ō̂- vb.

Germanic: *smakk-ja- vb., *smakk-ō- vb.

Russ. meaning: бить, бросать

References: WP II 685

Proto-IE: *sme-

Meaning: pron. pers., 1/2/3 pl., du.

Hittite: sumas 'euch', sumes 'ihr', -smas 'euch; ihnen', -smi- 'euer; ihr, leur' (Friedrich 195, 196, 197)

Tokharian: A -m, B -me (PT *-me) 'encl. pron. 1, 2 or 3 p. pl.' (Adams 467)

Old Indian: a-smā- `we' (in acc. asmā́n, instr. asmā́bhis, gen. asmākam etc.)

Avestan: a-hma, poss. a-hma-

Old Greek: lesb. á-mme, dor. hā-mé; hǟ-méas, hǟ-mā̃s, hǟ-mẹ̄̃s; poss. lesb. á-mmo-, dor, hā-mó-; poss. hǟ-mé-ter-o-; acc. lesb. ǘmme, dor. hǖmé, nom. lesb. ǘmmes, dor. hǖmés, usw.

Germanic: Got izwis 'euch', izwara 'euer', OIsl yδr, yδvar ds. usw.

Celtic: OIr si, sissi 'ihr', uaib 'euch' < ō-su̯i, Cymr usw. chwi 'ihr'; Ir far n. 'euer', indala-sar 'der eine von euch beiden', sethar 'euer'

Russ. meaning: мн. ч.

References: WP I 209 f

Proto-IE: *smeid-

Meaning: to oil, to soil

Armenian: mic (< *smidi̯o-) `Schlamm, Schmutz'

Slavic: *smēdъ

Baltic: *smaîd-a- (1/2) c., *smaîd-ī̂- vb. (1/2)

Germanic: *smīt-a- vb.; *smit-ja- vb., *smit-jō(n-) f., *smait-ia- n.

Russ. meaning: мазать, пачкать

References: WP II 685 f