Indo-European etymology : Query result

Proto-IE: *wein- (Gr w-)

Meaning: wine

Hittite: wijan(a)- c. 'Wein' (Friedrich 255)

Armenian: gini `Wein'

Old Greek: ói̯no-s, dial. woi̯no-s m. `Wein', ói̯nǟ f. `Weinstock'

Slavic: *vīno

Germanic: *wīn-a- n., -m.

Latin: vīnum, -ī n. `Wein'

Other Italic: Volsk, Falisc vinu `Wein'; Umbr vinu `Wein'

Celtic: OIr fīn `Wein'; Cymr gwin `Wein'

Albanian: tosk. verɛ, geg. venɛ Wein

Russ. meaning: вино (виноградное)

References: WP I 223 f

Proto-IE: *weip-, -b-

Meaning: to oscillate, to swing

Tokharian: B wip- 'shake' (Adams 603)

Old Indian: vepate, -ti `to tremble, shake, vibrate', vípra- `stirred or excited, inspired'

Avestan: vip- `werfen, entsenden (Samen)'

Baltic: *weĩp- vb. tr., *waĩp-ī̂- vb., *wip- vb. intr., *weĩp-iā̃ f.; *weîb- (2) vb. tr., *waîb-ī̂- (2) vb., *wī̂b-urvb. tr.,

Germanic: *waib-ṓ f., *wīb-á-/*wī́f-a- vb., *waib-iá- vb., *waib-ṓ- vb., *wī[b]-l-ō f., *wi[b]-r-a- m.; *waip-ia- vb.

Latin: vibrāre `in zitternde setzen, sich zitternd bewegen'

Russ. meaning: волноваться, раскачиваться

References: WP I 240 f

Comments: In Balt. contam. of 2 roots -- see *(s)weip-, *(s)weib- 'to twist, wind around'.

Proto-IE: *weis-

Meaning: thick liquid, mud

Old Indian: viṣ- f. `faeces, ordure, excrement'; {viṣṭā id.; tierischen Samen }

Avestan: vaēšah- 'Moder, Verwesung'

Germanic: *wís-ō(n-), *wís-jō(n-) f.; *wáis-ō(n-) f.

Latin: vīrus, -ī n. `zähe Flüssigkeit, Schleim, Saft'

Celtic: Cymr gwyar `Blut'

Russ. meaning: густая жидкость, грязь

References: WP I 243 f

Proto-IE: *weisk-, -zg-

Meaning: sheaf; guts

Old Indian: veṣká- m. `a noose for strangling a sacrificial victim', veṣṭa- m. `band, noose', veṣṭate `to wind or twist round'

Slavic: *vēxā́

Germanic: *wisk-ō f.

Latin: vīscus, -eris n. `Eingeweide, alles unter der Haut liegende Fleischige' || virga, -ae f. `Rute'

Russ. meaning: связка, кишки

References: WP I 242 f

Proto-IE: *weisn- (Gr w-)

Meaning: pipe, vein

Old Indian: veṇú, véṇu- m. `a bamboo, reed, cane; flute, pipe'

Old Greek: ī́s, īnós, pl. ī̂nes `Sehne, Nackensehene; Muskelfaden. Blutfaser (Fibrin), Pflanzenfaser, Blattnerv'; ī́nio-n n. `die Sehnenpartie am Hinterkopf, das Genick, der Nacken'

Latin: vēna f. `Ader, Blutader'

Russ. meaning: трубка; кровеносный сосуд

References: WP I 261 (differently in Pok.)

Proto-IE: *wek'- <PIH *w-> (Gr hw-)

Meaning: to want

Hittite: wek-, wik- (I) 'wünschen, verlangen' (Friedrich 251)

Old Indian: váṣṭi (1p. pl. uśmási) `to will, command'; vaśitva- n. `freedom of will'

Avestan: vasǝmi, usǝ̄mahī `wollen, wünschen', vasah- (nom. vasɔ̄) `wollend'; vasnā (<instr.) `nach dem Willen'

Other Iranian: OPers vašnā `nach dem Willen'

Old Greek: hekṓn, kret., lokr. wekōn m., hekọ̄̂sa f. `freiwillig, absichtlich', aékōn, att. ā́kōn `unfreiwillig, wider Willen, unabsichtlich', { hom. Hekáergos m. (Hom.) explained by Gramm. (EM) as = ho hékathen eírgōn or ergazómenos, Ep. epith. of Apollo, either Subst., {boeot. wheka-dāmos - nowhere found!}; hékǟti praep. `nach dem Willen, durch die Gnade; wegen'

Russ. meaning: хотеть

References: WP I 244 f

Proto-IE: *wekʷ- (Gr w-)

Meaning: to say, to tell

Tokharian: A wak, B wek 'voice, noise' (PT *wek) (Adams 607); B weśeñña 'voice, sound' (610)

Old Indian: vakti, vívakti, ptc. uktá- `to speak, say, tell'; vácas- `speech, voice, word', vā́c- f. `speech, voice, word'

Avestan: vačah `Rede, Wort', vāx-s `Stimme, Rede, Wort'

Armenian: gočem `schreie, rufe, rufe zu mir, lade ein, nenne'

Old Greek: épos, el., kypr. wepos n. `Wort', pl. auch `Lied, episches Gedicht'; aor. ẹ̄̂pon, ep. éẹ̄pon, lesb. wéi̯pēn, ion. ẹ̄̂pa, inf. ẹ̄pẹ̄̂n, ẹ̄̂pai̯, kret. weipai `sagen, sprechen'; gen. opós, acc. ópa, dat. opí `Stimme, Laut, Wort', óssa, att. ótta f. `(vorbedeutende) Stimme, Gerücht' ; enopǟ́ f. `Geschrei, Schlachtgeschrei, Getöne, Stimme'

Slavic: *vetjь

Germanic: *wax-n-ia- vb., *wax-t-a- m., *wōx-m=, *wix-t-i- c., *wáx-a-/*wag-á- vb.

Latin: vōx, vōcis f. `Laut, Ton, Schall; Stimme; Wort, Rede, Spruch', vocāre `nennen, rufen; anrufen'

Other Italic: Umbr sub-ocau, -ocauu, -oco `anrufen, anbeten'

Celtic: MIr fūaimm `Lärm'

Russ. meaning: говорить

References: WP I 245 f

Proto-IE: *wel-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to see

Tokharian: B yel- 'investigate' (Adams 507)

Germanic: *wlī́-t-a- vb.; *wli-t-u- c., n.; *wlai-t-ō f., *wlai-t-ia- n.

Latin: voltus / vultus, -ūs m. `Gesichtsausdruck, Miene, Aussehen, Gestalt'

Celtic: OIr fil `es gibt' ( = voici ); filis i.seallais `vidit', Cymr gweled `sehen', Bret guelet `la vue', OIr fili, gen. filed `Seher, Dichter'

Russ. meaning: видеть

References: WP I 293 f

Proto-IE: *wel-

Meaning: good, best

Old Indian: vára- `valuable, precious, best', vā́rya- n. `treasure, wealth'

Avestan: vairya- `der beste, köstlich, wert'

Germanic: *wil=, *wal=, *wul=

Celtic: MCymr, Corn, Bret guell `besser', Cymr gwell `id.'

Russ. meaning: хороший, лучший

References: WP I 294 f

Comments: [In Ind. hopelessly confused with *(e)welǝ- `choose, wish' q.v.; cf. also *(e)wel- 1453]

Proto-IE: *wel- <PIH *Hʷ->

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: death (in the battle); killed (in the battle)

Hittite: hulla-/-i- (I) '(nieder)schlagen, bekämpfen' (Tischler 273ff), hullanza(i)- c. 'Kampf' (279), hulhulija- 'im Kampfe erschlagen' (280)

Slavic: *vāljātī: Czech vāleti, -eju `bojovati', *vāljьkā: Czech valka война (> польск.)

Baltic: *wel-ia- c., *wel-iā̃ f.; *wel̂-n-a- (1) m.; *wēl-iā̂ f.

Germanic: *wal-a- m., n.; *wṓl-a- m., *wṓl-ō f.

Russ. meaning: смерть в бою; убитый в бою

References: WP I 304 f

Proto-IE: *wele- (Gr w-)

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to deceive

Armenian: gaɫt 'heimlich', goɫ 'Dieb'

Old Greek: elephái̯romai̯ `betrügen, täuschen', olophṓi̯o- `verderblich ?'

Baltic: *wil̂- (*wil-ja-) (2) vb.

Celtic: OIr fell `Faschheit, Betrüglichkeit'

Russ. meaning: обманывать

References: WP I 298 (different in Pok.)

Proto-IE: *welebh-

Meaning: lure, deceive

Old Greek: elephái̯romai̯ `betrügen, täuschen'; olophṓio- 'destructive, deadly' (LS: The notion of 'destruction', necessary in Theoc. and Nic. and assumed by Hsch., ia perh. not certain in Hom., where olophṓios may mean simply 'deceptive, tricky')

Baltic: *wil̂b-in̂- vb.

Russ. meaning: приманивать, обманывать

References: Fraenkel 1250

Proto-IE: *welǝk-,*wl[ā]k- <PIH *w->

Meaning: bast, fibre

Hittite: welku- n. 'Gras' (Friedrich 251)

Tokharian: ? B welki 'a part of a plant?' (Adams 610)

Old Indian: valka- m. n. `bark of a tree; scales of a fish', vrkala-, valkala- n. `a garment made of bark; a partic. intestine'

Old Greek: lákhnǟ m. `krauses, wolliges Haar, Pelzhaar', hom. dat. lákhnōi̯ (von der Wolle des Widders)

Slavic: *volkъno

Baltic: *wal̂k-š-ti-, *wal̂k-sn-ā̂, *walk-in-a- adj.

Germanic: *wlṓx-i- c.; *wlag-á[ɵ]-a- m.

Russ. meaning: луб, волокно

References: WP I 296 f

Proto-IE: *welǝn-, *welǝm-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: wave

Tokharian: B yolme 'pond, pool' (Adams 513 with doubts); ? B lāñe 'flood' (Adams 547)

Old Indian: ūrmí- m., f. `wave, billow'

Avestan: varǝmi- `Woge, Welle'

Slavic: *vьlnā

Baltic: *wiln-i- (2), -jā̂ f., *wil̂n-ia- (2)/*wil̃n-ia- c., *wiln-ā̂ f.

Germanic: *walm-i- c.; *will-ō f.; *wall-an- m., *wall-a- m., *wall-i- c., *wull-ōn- f., *wul-ju- c.; *wēl-a- m., n.; *wall-a-/*well-a- vb., *wul-a- vb.; *wall-iōn- f., *wall-ia- n.

Russ. meaning: волна

References: WP I 298 f

Proto-IE: *welǝ-; *welǝn- (*w^elăn-ā), *wlān- <PIH *Hʷ->

Meaning: wool

Hittite: *hulana-, *hulani- 'Wolle', Luw *hulani- `Wolle' (Tischler 278-279); hulija- c. 'Wolle' (Tischler 280ff.)

Old Indian: ū́rṇā f., ūrṇa- n. `wool'; vā́la-, vā́ra- m. `hair of animal's tail; bristle'; válśa- m. `shoot, branch, twig'

Avestan: varǝsa- 'Schössling, Zweig'

Other Iranian: NPers gurs 'Schössling, Zweig'

Old Greek: l[ǟ̂]nos n. `Wolle, Wollfaser, Wollflocke'

Slavic: *vь́lnā; *volsъ

Baltic: *wal-a- c.; *wil̂-nā̂ (1) f., *wiln-[i]-

Germanic: *wull-ō(n-)

Latin: lāna `Wolle'; vellus 'abgeschorene, noch zusammenhängende Wolle der Schäfe, Vliess'

Celtic: *u̯lǝnā > MIr olan `Wolle'; Cymr gwlan `Wolle', Corn gluan `Wolle', Bret gloan `Wolle'

Russ. meaning: шерсть (овечья, козья)

References: WP I 296 f

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