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Indo-European etymology : Search within this database Total of 3178 records 159 pages
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Proto-IE: *bherǝ-
Meaning: to give birth
Other Iranian: NPers bar `Frucht'
Armenian: ber `Frucht, Fruchtbarkeit'
Old Greek: phérma n. `Feld-, Leibesfrucht'
Latin: fertilis, -e `fruchtbar'; Flōri-fertum `Fest der Flora', ferāx, -ācis `fruchtbar'
Other Italic: Paelign fertlid `fertiliter ?'
Celtic: OIr breth, brith, breith `das Gebären', MIr bert `Geburt', Corn a brys benen `fromb the womb of woman'
Albanian: bir Sohn, bijε, griech. cal. bil'ε Tochter burε Mann
Russ. meaning: рож(д)ать
Proto-IE: *bherǝg- ?
Meaning: ritual yeast bread (?)
Old Indian: ? OInd bhurájanta Rv. 4, 43, 5 `to boil, bubble'
Latin: fertum, OLat ferctum (firctum) `ein mit Honig und Öl bereiteter Opferladen', pl. stru-fer(c)tāriī `Opferer'
Other Italic: Osk fertalis `fertālēs, Zeremonien, bei denen Opferkuchen gebraucht wurden ?'
Celtic: OIr bairgen (< *barigen-) `bread'
Russ. meaning: ритуальный дрожжевой хлеб?
Comments: Cf. *bhrīg-.
Proto-IE: *bherǝg'-, *bhrāg'-
Meaning: birch
Old Indian: bhūrja-ḥ `a sp. of birch, the Bhoj tree, Betula Bhojpatra'; Dard Phalura brhuǯ, Dameli brū̃ṣ, Gawar-Bati bluz `birch'; Kafir Vaygali brūǯ id.
Other Iranian: Sak braṁj `birch', bruṁjǝ- `birch bark', Wakhan. furz, Sanglechi bǝrǝž, Shugn bǝruǯ `birch'; Osset bärz, bärzä 'id.'; Pashto barǯ `bast'; Tadj burz, burs `a k. of juniper'
Latin: frāxinus, -ī f. `Bergesche, F. excelsior'; farnus, gen. -ī f. `ein Baum, wrsch. Esche'
Russ. meaning: дерево (береза)
Proto-IE: *bhergh-
Meaning: to take care
Russ. meaning: беречь
Proto-IE: *bhergh-, *bherg'h-
Meaning: mountain; tall
Hittite: parku- 'hoch', parganu- (I) 'hoch machen', pargatar n. (r/n) 'Höhe', parkija-, park- (I) 'sich erheben' (Friedrich 160-161)
Tokharian: A, B pärk- (PT *pärk-) 'arise, rise, come up'; A pärkär, B pärkare (PT *pärk(ä)re) 'long' (Adams 372 f)
Old Indian: imp. 2 sg. barhaya `auge!'; br̥hánt- `high, tall, great, large'
Avestan: bǝrǝz- `Höhe, Berg', barǝzan- m., barǝzah- n. `Höhe', barǝšnu- m. `Erhebung, Höhe, Himmel, Kopf'; bǝrǝzant-, bǝrǝzi-, bǝrǝz- `hoch'; barǝzayeni `ich will aufwachsen lassen', barzyah- `höher'
Other Iranian: NPers burz `Höhe, Berg'; bālā (*barzaka-) `Höhe', NPers buland `hoch'
Armenian: erkna-, lerna-berʒ `himmel-, berghoch'
Celtic: Gaul Bergusia; Admageto-briga, Litano-briga u. a. ON, Arebrigium ON, Brigiani (Alpenvolk); Brigantes VN, Brigantia ON `Bregenz', Name einer weibl. Gottheit; *bregh=: OIr brī, acc. brig `Hügel', Cymr bre f. `Hügel', Corn bre f. Hügel', Bret bre f. `Hügel'; Cymr bera `Haufe', OCorn, Bret bertn `id.'
Russ. meaning: гора; высокий
Proto-IE: *bhergʷ-, *bhergʷh-
Meaning: to feed
Old Indian: bhárvati `to chew, devour, eat'
Avestan: baoirya- `was gekaut werden muss, fest', baourva- `kauend'
Old Greek: phérbō, -omai̯, plqpf. hHom. epephórbei̯ `weiden, hüten, füttern, ernähren', m. `sich an etw. nähren, verzehren, geniessen'; phorbǟ́ f., pl. phorbá n. `Weide, Futter, Nahrung'
Slavic: ? *bergtī (в значении `кормить')
Russ. meaning: кормить(ся)
References: WP II 164 f (differently in Pok.)
Proto-IE: *bhern-
Meaning: mouth
Armenian: beran `Mund'
Slavic: Blg bъrna `Lippe'
Celtic: Ir bern `Kluft, Öffnung'
Russ. meaning: рот
Proto-IE: *bherw-, *bhrew-
Meaning: to boil, to seethe
Old Indian: bhurváṇi- `restless, impatient', bhurván- `restless motion of water'
Old Greek: phorütó-s m. `Gemisch, Gemengsel, Kehricht, Auswurf, Spreu', phorǖ́nomai̯, phorǘssomai̯ `vermischt, befleckt, besudeln werden'
Latin: fervō, -ere, fervī (jünger fervēre) `sieden, wallen, kochen, brausen, glühen'; dēfrutum / -ū- `der eingekochte Most, Mostsaft'
Celtic: *berw- > MIr berbaim `koche, siede, schmelze'; Cymr berwi `sieden, wallen', Bret birvi, ptc. bervet `sieden, wallen', bero, berv `gekocht'; *brut- > OIr bruth `Glut, Wut', MIr bruith `kochen', embruthe `Fleischbrühe'; OCymr brut `animus', Cymr brwd `heiss', brydio `fervere', OCorn bredion `coctio', OBret brot `zelotypiae', Bret broud `heiss, gährend'
Russ. meaning: бурлить, кипеть
References: WP II 167 f
Comments: Cf. *bhAur-
Proto-IE: *bh[e]s[a]-, *bhsā-
Meaning: to peel, gnaw
Old Indian: bábhasti 'to chew, masticate'; psā́ti 'to chew, swallow, devour'
Old Greek: inf. psǟ̂n, 3 sg. ind. psǟ̂i̯, ptc. med. psṓmeno-, aor. psǟ̂sai̯, psǟ́sasthai̯, pass. psǟthḗnai̯, pf. épsǟsmai̯ 'reiben, schaben, kratzen, streichen, wischen'; apó-, perí-psǟma 'das Abgekratze, Unrat, Schmutz', pará- psǟsi-s; psǟnó- 'kahl(köpfig)', psǟró- = ksērós (Simon.)
Russ. meaning: обдирать, обгрызать
Proto-IE: *bheudh-
Meaning: to perceive adequately, to be awake
Old Indian: bódhati, búdhyate, aor. budhánta, pf. bubodha, ptc. buddhá- `to wake, observe, perceive'; buddhi- f. `intelligence, reason'; boddhar- m. `one who perceives or comprehends'
Avestan: baoδaite `nimmt wahr, wird gewahr, wird inne', paiti-busti- f. `das Bemerken', buiδyeiti `wird gewahr', baoδah- n. `Wahrnehmung, Wahrnehmungsvermögen', adj. `wahrnehmend'; zaēna-budra- `eifrig wachend'; baoiδi- `Wohlgeruch'
Old Greek: pünthánomai̯, péu̯thomai̯, ft. péu̯somai̯, aor. epüthómǟn, opt. hom. pepǘthoi̯to, pf. p. pépüsmai̯, va. püstó- `erfahren, vernehmen, sich erkundigen, erfragen, erforschen', act. péu̯thō, aor. pêu̯sai̯ `kundtun, von Gericht laden'; pǘsti-s f. `das Fragen, Nachforschu ng, Kunde', pǘsma n. `Frage, Ausfragung', peu̯thṓ `Kunde, Nachricht', pêu̯si-s f. `Erkundigung', peu̯thḗn, -ē̂nos m. `Späher'
Celtic: *bud- etc. > OIr ro-bud `Verwandung'; buide `Zufriedenheit, Dank'; Cymr bodd `freier Wille, Zustimmung'; rhy-budd `Warnung', Corn both `Wille'
Russ. meaning: воспринимать адекватно, бодрствовать
Proto-IE: *bheug-
Meaning: to make use
Old Indian: bhuṅkté, bhunákti, bhuñjati `to enjoy, use, possess, consume'; bhoga- m. `enjoyment, eating'
Latin: fungor, -ī, fūnctus sum `geniessen, erleiden, überstehen; verwalten, vollbringen, leisten; gebrauchen, verwenden', dēfungī `durchmachen, zu Ende bringen, überstehen; sterben', perfungī `ganz geniessen, auskosten, überstehen, zu Ende verwalten'
Russ. meaning: пользоваться
Proto-IE: *bheuge-, *bhūgh[e]-
Meaning: to run, to escape
Old Greek: phéu̯gō, phüŋgánō, ft. phéu̯ksomai̯, aor. phügẹ̄̂n, pf. a. pépheu̯ga, m. ptc. pephügmɛ́no-, va. phüktó- `fliehen, entfliehen, in die Verbannung gehen, auf der Flucht, verbannt sein, gerichtlich verfolgt werden', phǘga-de `in die Flucht', phǘgda, -dǟn `auf der Flucht', phǘzda f. `(wilde) Flucht, Panik', phügǟ́ f. `Flucht, Verbannung', pró-, prós-phüks `fliehend, schutzsuchend', phǘksi-s f. `Flucht, Rettung'
Latin: fugiō, -ere, fūgī, fugitūrus tr., intr. `fliehen, entfliehen, landesflüchtig werden; enteilen, vergehen; verschmähen, ablehnen', fugitāre `fliehen, meiden'; fuga f. `Flucht'
Russ. meaning: убегать
Proto-IE: *bheugh-
Meaning: to take away, to deliver (from)
Old Indian: bhujiṣya- `free, independent' (L.); Pali pari-bhuñjati `reinigt, kehrt aus', bhujissa- `freigelassen'
Avestan: baog- `lösen, retten', acc. būǰim `Reinigung', ązō-būǰ- `aus Not befreiend', baoxtar- `Befreier'
Other Iranian: MPers bōxtan `retten, erlösen'
Russ. meaning: убирать, избавлять
Proto-IE: *bhewǝs- ???
Meaning: colostrum
Old Indian: pīyū́ṣa- m. `milk of a cow during the first seven days after calving, biestings' [formally < pā- ~ pī-]
Russ. meaning: молозиво
References: WP II 114 f
Proto-IE: *bheyǝ-
Meaning: to beat, to hew
Avestan: byente 'sie bekämpfen, schlagen'
Armenian: bir `grosser Stock, Knüppel, Keule'
Old Greek: phitró-s m. `Baumstamm, Pflock, Klotz, Holzscheit'
Latin: perfinēs pl. acc. Fest. 205 `perfringās'
Celtic: *bī-, *bi- > Gaul bidubium `falcastrum'; OIr benim `schlage', ro-bī `schlug, schnitt', ro-bīth `wurde geschlagen', bīthe `perculsus', fo-bīth `weil'; biail `Beil'; bēimm `Sclag', MIr fidbae `falcastrum'; OCymr et-binam `lanio', dubeneticion `exsectis'; baheel `Beil', Cymr bidio `Bäume beschneiden', bid `Dortnecke', bodog `Hirschfänger'; bwyell, bwyall `Beil', Corn bom, pl. bommyn `Schlag', OBret inf. bitat (Gl.) `resecaret', MBret benaff `schneide'
Russ. meaning: бить, рубить
Proto-IE: *bhē̆dh-
Meaning: to oppress, to demand
Tokharian: B peti, A poto `verering'
Old Indian: bādhate `to press, force, repel', bā́dha- m. 'urging, impulse'
Albanian: bint `buigen'
Russ. meaning: притеснять, требовать
Proto-IE: *bhēg(')h-
Meaning: to press, to compel
Tokharian: ? B pakwāre 'evil, bad' (Adams 353)
Celtic: *bāg- > Gaul bagaudas `Guerillas eines Bauernkrieges in Gallien'; OIr bāgaim `ich kämpfe, rühme, prahle, drohe', bāg f. `Kampf'; Cymr beio `tadeln', bai `Fehler'
Russ. meaning: теснить, принуждать
Proto-IE: *bhēs-
Meaning: a k. of bird of prey
Old Indian: bhāsa- m. `a bird of prey, vulture'
Old Greek: phẹ̄́nǟ f. N. einer grossen Raubvogels, `Lämmergeier ?'
Russ. meaning: птица (крупная хищная)
Proto-IE: *bhidh-
Meaning: a k. of vessel
Old Greek: pítho-s m. `grosses, oben offenes, meist irdenes Gefäss zur Aufbewahrung des Weines etc.'; phidáknǟ, -ís = pitháknē LS 1931
Latin: fidēlia `Gefäss aus Ton, Glas'; fiscus, -ī m. `geflochtener Korb; Geldkorb, Kasse'
Russ. meaning: сосуд
Proto-IE: *bhil-
Meaning: good, decent
Old Greek: phílo- `freudlich, lieb; zugehörig, eigen', phílo-s m. `Freund'; phíltro-n n. `Liebeszauber, -trank, -mittel'; philéō, aor. phī̂lai̯ `Freund sein, mit Freundschaft, Zuneigung, Liebe behandeln, lieben, bewirten, pflegen; küssen'
Celtic: Gaul Bil- in vielen EN; Ir bil `Gut'
Russ. meaning: хороший, пристойный
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