Indo-European etymology : Query result

Proto-IE: *ig'hu-, *ing'hu- (*dl-, *g'h-, *d-, *t-)

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: tongue

Tokharian: A käntu, B kantwo `Zunge' (PT *käntwo) (Adams 139)

Old Indian: jihvá- m., jihvā́- f., juhū́- f. `tongue'

Avestan: hizvā, hizū, hizvah- 'Zunge'

Armenian: lezu, gen. lezui; lizu (seit 10. Jh.) `Zunge'

Slavic: *ję̄zɨ̄kъ

Baltic: *leĩǯuw-i-s, *inǯuw-i-s

Germanic: *tung-ōn- f.

Latin: lingua, OLat dingua f. `Zunge; Sprache; Landzunge', demin. lingula

Celtic: OIr tenge; Cymr tafod, MCymr tafawt, OCorn tauot, MCorn taves, tavas, MBret teaut, NBret teod `Zunge' (cf. Ir ligur `Zunge')

Albanian: gjúhë, pl. -ë f. 'tongue, speech)'

Russ. meaning: язык

References: WP I 792 f

Proto-IE: *i-, *ey-; *yo- (Greek h-)

Meaning: pron. dem./relat.

Old Indian: ayám 'he', idám 'id.', iyám, acc. sg. m. imam ; relat. ya-ḥ

Avestan: īm (= iyǝm) 'sie, ea'; gath ayǝ̄m, jat. aēm 'er'; relat. yō

Other Iranian: OPers acc. m.iyam, imam, f. imām usw.

Old Greek: cypr. ī̆n 'eum, eam', lesb., thess., hom ía 'una'; hó-s 'welcher'

Slavic: *jь, *ī, *ye; *jь-že; -jь (in adj.)

Baltic: *ji-, *jei-, *jī f.

Germanic: *iz 'er', acc, *inan, *ita 'es' usw.

Latin: is, ea, id usw.

Celtic: OIr ē, hē 'er' (< *eis), ed (hed) 'es'

Albanian: e 'eum, eam', dat. i 'ei', i 'eos, eas, u 'eis'

Russ. meaning: мест. указ./относит.

References: WP I 97 ff

Proto-IE: *iKs-

Meaning: groin

Old Greek: *ī́lio-n n. ~ í-: ília = dō̂ra günaikeîa Hsch.; ílion = tò tē̂s günaikòs ephḗbaion dēloî, kaì kósmon günaikeîon parà Kṓiois Hsch.; iksǖ́-s (~ ī-), -ǘos f. `die Weichen, die Lendengegend'

Latin: īlia, -ium pl. n. `die Weichen, der Unterleib, Eingeweide; Mutterleib; Schamgegend'

Russ. meaning: пах

References: WP I 163 f

Proto-IE: *ikʷ[e]r-

Meaning: fish-egg

Slavic: *jьkrā

Baltic: *ikr-a- (1) c.

Celtic: *ikʷōr, *ikʷr-: MIr iuchair, gen. uchrach f. `Fischrogen'

Russ. meaning: икра (рыбы)

References: WP I 205 f

Comments: The frequently quoted OPrus. yccroy "Fischrogen" means 'Wade' (Voc. 142); may belong to the 'liver' root *yekʷ-.

Proto-IE: *is-

Meaning: clay, dough

Hittite: is(sa)na- c. 'Teig' (Tischler 406-407)

Tokharian: B isćem 'clay, brick' (Adams 67)

Old Indian: íṣṭakā f. `brick'

Avestan: ištya- n. `Ziegel, Backstein'

Other Iranian: OPers. išti-, Pers. xišt

Russ. meaning: глина, тесто

References: Adams, Tischler (Pok.: < *idh-s-?)

Proto-IE: *īg'h-

Meaning: to wish, to long for

Tokharian: A yśaläm, B yśelme (PT *yśe-lme) '(sexual) pleasure'; A ykāssäññe 'sexual pleasure, concupiscence' (Adams 515, 521)

Old Indian: īhate `to endeavour to obtain, to aim at, to long for', īha- m. `attempt', ehá- `desirous, wishing', ehas- n. `anger; rivalry'

Avestan: izyati `strebt, verlangt wonach', aēza- `verlangend', aēzah- n. ` Verlangen'

Old Greek: īkhanáō `begehre, trachten, streben', ī̂khar (? /íkhar) n. `Begierde'

Russ. meaning: желать, стремиться

References: WP I 195 f

Comments: Cf. *yag(')h-.

Proto-IE: *kabeir-o-

Meaning: a deity

Old Indian: Kúbera- {(< *kabera-, Patronymicum Kāberaká-)} `a chief of the evil beings or spirits of darkness; god of riches and treasures'

Old Greek: pl. kábei̯ro-i̯ m. Ben. chthonischer Gottheiten, die bes. auf Samothrake und Lemnos Lemnos ebenso wie in Böotien verehrt wurden

Russ. meaning: мелкое божество

References: WP I 349

Proto-IE: *kab-, *kam-

Meaning: horse

Slavic: *komъnь; *kobɨ̄lā

Baltic: *kumel-iā̃ f., *kamnet=

Latin: cabō, gen. -ōnis 'Wallach'; cabōnus, -ī (gl.) m. `caballus (magnus)'; caballus, -ī m. `Pferd, Gaul, Klepper'

Celtic: Gaul Caballos EN; OIr, Ir capall

Russ. meaning: лошадь

References: WP I 348

Proto-IE: *k'ad-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to fall

Old Indian: śad-, pf. śaśāda, ft. śatsyati `to fall, fall off or out'

Armenian: chacnum `fallen'

Latin: cadō, -ere, cecidī, cāsūrus `fallen, sinken'

Other Italic: Osk anṭkaḍun `occidionem ?'

Celtic: MIr casar `Hagel; Blitz'; Cymr cesair `Schlossen'; Corn keser, Bret kasarc'h `Hagel'

Russ. meaning: падать

References: WP I 339 f

Proto-IE: *k'ad-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to be distinguished

Old Indian: pf. śāśadúḥ, ptc. śāśadāna- `to distinguish oneself, be eminent or superior'

Old Greek: ep., poet. pf. kékasmai̯, plqpf. (e)kekásto, ptc. kekasméno-, kekadméno- (Pind.)`sich auszeichnen, übertreffen, sich rüsten'; kádmos = dórü, lóphos, aspís (Cret.) Hsch.

Russ. meaning: выделяться качествами

References: WP I 340

Proto-IE: *kad-

Meaning: to injure, to harm

Old Indian: kadana- n.`destruction, killing, slaughter'; cakāda kadanam `to kill or hurt'

Old Greek: hom. kekadṓn `beraubend', ft. kekadḗsei̯ `er wird berauben', aor. kekadē̂sai̯ `вредить etc. (`blápsai, kakō̂sai, phéisasthai, sterē̂sai', Hsch.); hüpò ... kekádonto `sie wichen zurück' Hom.), ekekǟ́dei̯ (Konjektur) = hüpe<ke>khōrḗkei' Hsch., {apokadéō = asthenéō Hsch. - wanted!}; {kǟ́dō `verletze, schädige' -wanted!}

Latin: calamitās, -tis f. `Schaden; Hagelschlag, Kornbrand, Misswachs; Unheil, Verderben'; incolumis, -e `unversehrt, heil'; cadamitās (Mar. Victorin. gr. VI 8:15) = calamitās

Russ. meaning: вредить

References: WP I 341

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