Indo-European etymology : Query result

Proto-IE: *strū-

Meaning: old (man)

Slavic: *strɨ̄jь `дядя по отцу'

Baltic: *strūj-u-, *struj-u- m.

Celtic: *struti-s > OIr sruith `alt, ehrwürdig'; OCymr gl. strutiu `antiquam'

Russ. meaning: старый (о человеке)

References: WP II 651

Proto-IE: *(s)trūd-

Meaning: to swell, to abound

Germanic: *ɵrūt-a- vb., *ɵrūt-ō- vb., *ɵrut-an- m.; *strūt-[a]- vb., *strut-ja-; *ɵrūt-a- m., *ɵrut=, *strūt-a- m., *strūt-iōn- f.

Latin: strūma f. `skrogulöse Anschwellung der Drüsen, dicker Hals, Kropf'

Russ. meaning: распухать, изобиловать

References: WH

Proto-IE: *strūp-, -b-

Meaning: hard, rough

Old Greek: strǖphnó- `herb (von Geschmäck); sauer, zusammenziehend, streng'

Baltic: *strup-a-, -ja- adj., *strup-ul-ia- c., *strup- vb. intr.; *strub-a- adj., *strub-iā̃ f.

Germanic: *strūb-a- adj., *strūb-ē- vb., *strūb-ia- vb., *strubb=

Russ. meaning: твердый, грубый etc.

References: WP II 627 f

Comments: Gr -phn- < *-Psn-.

Proto-IE: *(s)twer[e]-, *(s)trē-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to move quickly, to hurry

Old Indian: tvárate `to hurry, make haste', ptc. tūrṇa-, tūrta-; tū́rṇi- `quick'; turá- `quick, prompt'

Avestan: *ptc. ɵwāša- `eilig'

Old Greek: ? otrǖ́nō `antreiben, aufmuntern, auffordern, betreiben', otraléo-, otrēró- `hurtig, rasch'

Germanic: *ɵwir-a- vb., *ɵur-ja- vb., *ɵur-an- m.; *ɵwar-ōn- f., *ɵwar-an- m.; *ɵwir-il-a- m.; *staur-ē- vb., *stur-ja- m., *stur-jōn- f., *stur-m-a- m., etc.; *ɵr-um-ja- m., *ɵr-um-jōn- f., *ɵr-um-ōn- f.

Latin: amptruō / antruō, -āre `bei den saliarischen Religiosfeiern tanzend im Kreis hüpfen'; 3 pl. antruant `moventur' Paul. Fest. 9

Russ. meaning: двигаться (о Броуне)

References: WP I 749

Proto-IE: *tal- (/-e-)

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: earth, ground

Old Indian: talima- n. `ground prepared for the site of a dwelling'

Armenian: thaɫ Gegend, Distrikt thaɫar irden, irdener Gefäss;

Slavic: *tъlo

Baltic: *tal-u- c.

Latin: tellūs, gen. -ūris f. `Erde'

Celtic: OIr talam, gen. talman `Erde'

Russ. meaning: земля

References: WP I 740

Proto-IE: *tAlk-

Meaning: to interpret

Old Indian: tarkayati `to conjecture, guess, infer', tarka- m. `conjecture, reasoning'

Slavic: *tъlkъ, *tъlkovātī

Germanic: *ɵúl(x)-a- m., *ɵúl(x)-ōn- f., *ɵúlxi-a- m.

Russ. meaning: толковать

References: WP I 744 f (differently Pok. 1088).

Proto-IE: *tAlw-

Meaning: thick

Old Indian: tílvila- 'fertile'

Armenian: thaɫun 'dick'

Slavic: *tъlstъ(jь)

Baltic: *tul̃ǯ- vb. inch.

Russ. meaning: толстый

References: Fraenkel 1078 (different in Pok.)

Comments: Baltic has a contamination with *tel̃ǯ-, *til̃ǯ- 'wet, soft' (< *telg'h- ?)

Proto-IE: *tAnd-

Meaning: sluggish, lazy

Old Indian: tandate 'to become relaxed', tandrā f. 'lassitude, exhaustion, laziness', tandrayú- 'fatigued, lazy'

Baltic: *tand-u- adj.

Russ. meaning: медлительный, ленивый

References: Fraenkel 1056

Proto-IE: *tAnk- / -e-, -g-

Meaning: thick, curdled (milk)

Old Indian: ā-tanakti `to cause coagulation', tanakti `to contract'; {ā-táṅgana- n. `Mittel zum Gerinnen, Lab'}; takra- n. `buttermilk mixed with water'

Other Iranian: NPers tanǯīδan `zusammenziehen', tang `eng'

Armenian: thanʒr, gen. thanʒu `dicht, dick'

Slavic: *tǭčā

Baltic: *tan̂k-u- adj. (1)

Germanic: *ɵínx-l-a- n.; *ɵinx-t-a- adj.; *ɵánx-ō(n-) f.

Celtic: *tenkto-; *tenkō, *tenctō > Ir tēcht `geronnen'; con-tēcim `gerinne', tēchtaim id.

Russ. meaning: густой, створоженное (о молоке)

References: WP I 725

Proto-IE: *tAp-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to drown

Armenian: thathavem `tauche ein', thōn `Feuchtigkeit, Nässe, Regen'

Slavic: *topī́tī, *tonǭtī; *tonjā

Russ. meaning: погружать(ся) в воду, тонуть

References: WP I 705

Proto-IE: *tAp-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to occur, to fall into

Old Greek: tópo-s m. `Ort, Stelle, Gegend, Distrikt, Raum, Thema einer Rede usw.'

Baltic: *tap- vb. intr.

Germanic: *ɵa[f]-ja- vb.

Russ. meaning: оказываться, попадать

References: WP I 743 f

Proto-IE: *tar-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to say, to shout

Hittite: tar- (I) 'sagen, nennen', darija- (I) 'anreden, anrufen, nennen' (Friedrich 212, 213)

Tokharian: B tär- 'plead, implore' (Adams 293)

Old Indian: tārá- 'high, loud, shrill'

Armenian: thrthrak 'good speaker'

Old Greek: toró- `laut, gellend, vernehmbar, deutlich'; fut. tetorḗsō (Ar.) ''to proclaim in shrill piercing voice'

Slavic: *tortorītī; *tortorъ, *tъrtorъ

Baltic: *tar̃- (*tar-ja-/*tar-a-) vb., *tar-ī̂- vb., *tar̃-t-i- f., etc.

Celtic: MIr tairm 'Lärm'; Cymr twrf 'stir, tumult'

Russ. meaning: говорить, шуметь

References: WP I 744

Proto-IE: *tard-/-e-, *trand-

Meaning: a k. of insect (wood-borer, termite)

Old Indian: tardá- m. `a k. of bird' (?)

Old Greek: terēdṓn, -ónos m. 'wood-worm; a grub which infests beehives, larva of the wax-moth, Galleria mellonella; a worm in the bowels; caries (in the bones)'

Slavic: *trǭdъ `Art Krankheit ("düsentería"); Drohne'

Baltic: *trand-i- c., -iā̃ f.

Latin: tarmes, -itis (/ termes, -itis) `Holzwurm'

Celtic: Cymr cynrhonyn `termes, lendix', pl. cynrhawn; Corn contronen `cimex'; MBret controunenn `ver de viande', Bret contronenn `ver de viande'

Russ. meaning: насекомое sp. (древоточец, термит)

References: WP I 735

Comments: Cf. also Lett. tā̀rps 'Wurm, Raupe' (?). This root must be separated from ter-- 'to rub, bore, drill, etc.'

Proto-IE: *tar-/-e-

Meaning: prep./adv.

Old Indian: tiráḥ adv. 'through, across, beyond; apart from, without'

Avestan: tarō adv. 'seitwärts, unvermerkt', prp. 'durch--hin, über--hin, über--hinweg, hinaus; abgesehen von, ausser', tarasča 'quer durch'

Germanic: *ɵirxa, *ɵurxa

Latin: trans 'jenseits, über--hinweg'

Other Italic: Umbr traf, trahaf prp. 'jenseits, über--hinweg'

Celtic: OIr tar prp. 'über--hinaus', tairm-, tarmi- 'ds.', trem-, tremi- 'durch', Cymr trim-uceint '30'' Cymr tra-, MCymr tra, hyt tra 'während, so lange', Corn hedre, Bret endra 'ds.'

Russ. meaning: через

References: WP I 734

Comments: Cf. *tor(w)[e]-, *ter[a]-.

Proto-IE: *tArm-

Meaning: gut (rectum ?)

Old Greek: trámis f. (LS: the acc. trámēn in EM 736.36 is f.l. for trámin, cf. Sch.Luc. p. 191 R) 'the perineum or line which divides the scrotum and runs on to the breech'

Germanic: *ɵarm-a- m.

Russ. meaning: кишка (прямая?)

References: WP I 732 f

Proto-IE: *taron- <PIH *-rH->

Meaning: thunder; the Thunderer

Hittite: ^dTarχu-, ^dTarχunna- `storm god' (Lyd., in Greek Τάρχων), Luw. Tarχunt `storm god': nom. ^dtar-hu-un-za (Otten, Zur grammatikalischen und lexikalischen Beistimmung des Luvischen. B., 1953: 101-102), Luw-Hier. nom. *tarhu(n)ts, dat. *tarhu(n)ti `storm (?) god' (Merigi 239, 257), Lyk. Trqqa-, Trqqñt GN

Other Iranian: Pashto taṇā́/tanā́, tǝṇā́/tǝṇā́ f., taṇ 'thunder' (РАС, АРС I, II), taṇā / tanā Morgenstierne EV:81

Slavic: *t[ā]ronъ, *tъronъ: Kash tarȯn, trȯn (Sychta)

Germanic: *ɵunr-a- m., *ɵunr- m.

Celtic: Gaul (in Lat.) Taranis `thunder god'; Ir torann `thunder, thunder god'; Cymr taran id., OCorn taran id., Bret. taran id.

Russ. meaning: гром, бог-громовержец

Proto-IE: *tArs-, *stAr-

Meaning: coccyx

Baltic: *tutur-sl=, *tur̃s-ā̂-, -in- vb.,

Germanic: *start=

Celtic: OIr tarr 'Hinterteil, Schwanz, Bauch', Ir torrach 'schwanger', Cymr tor 'Bauch', torog 'schwanger'

Russ. meaning: зад (у птиц), копчик

References: Fraenkel 1144