Indo-European etymology : Query result

Proto-IE: *tāl-

Meaning: sprout, young one

Old Indian: tāla- m. `palmyra tree or fan-palm, Borassus flabelliformis', tālī f. `name of a tree (Corypha Taliera, Corypha umbraculifera, Flacourtia cataphracta, Curculigo orchioides (L.))'

Old Greek: t[ǟ̂]li-s, -eōs/-ios f. `Bockshorn, Trigonella'; aeol. (?) tā̂li-s, -idos f. `junges, mannbares Mädchen, Braut'

Baltic: *tal-āk-a- c.

Germanic: *ɵall-ō f., *ɵal=, *ɵal-jōn- f., *ɵal-ja- n.

Latin: tālea f. `Stäbchen, Setzling, Setzreis; jedes stabförmige abgeschnittene Stück; spitzer Pfahl, Eisenbarren'

Russ. meaning: побег, молодое растение/животное

References: WP I 825 f

Proto-IE: *tel-

Meaning: board, pole

Old Indian: tala- n. `surface, level, flat roof'

Old Greek: tēlíǟ f. `Tisch od. Brett mit erhöhtem Rand'

Baltic: *tal-a- c., *tal-iā̃ f.,

Germanic: *ɵil-ja- n., *ɵil-jōn- f., *ɵil-ja- vb.

Latin: telō, -ōnis m. `hölzerner Brunnenschwengel zum Wasserschöpfen'

Celtic: ? MIr tel, taul, tul `Stirn'; Cymr, Corn, Bret tal `Stirn'

Russ. meaning: доска, шест

References: WP I 740

Proto-IE: *telp-

Meaning: to go in, to have room for

Tokharian: B tälp- 'be emptied, purged' (Adams 297)

Old Indian: tálpa- m. `couch, bed, sofa'

Slavic: *tьlpā́ ~ -ъl-

Baltic: *til̃p- (*tel̃p-a-) vb. tr., *til̂p-in̂-, *tul̂p-in̂- vb., *talp-ā̂ f.

Celtic: OIr -tella, -talla `es ist Raum, Möglichkeit vorhanden für etwas'

Russ. meaning: вмещать(ся)

References: WP I 741 f

Proto-IE: *ter-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: tender; young

Old Indian: tarṇa- m., tarṇaka- m. `calf, young animal'; táruṇa- `young, tender, juvenile', táruṇa- m. `a youth', n. `a sprout'

Avestan: tauruna- 'jung'

Other Iranian: Osset tärɨn 'Knabe', NPers tōla 'junger Hund'

Armenian: thorrn, gen. thorrin `Enkel'

Old Greek: térēn, n. -en, f. -ei̯na `zart'; térü = asthenés, leptón Hsch.; terámōn, -onos `weich (gekocht)'

Baltic: *tar̃n-a- c.

Latin: tener, -a `zart, fein, weich, empfindsam, jung'

Other Italic: Sabin tereno- `mollis'

Russ. meaning: нежный; юный

References: WP I 728

Proto-IE: *ter[a]s-, *trās-

Meaning: to be thirsty, to dry

Old Indian: tŕ̥ṣyati, ptc. trṣṭá- `to be thirsty, thirst'; tarṣa- m. `thirst, wish, desire', trṣú- `greedy, desirous', tŕṣṇā `Durst, Begier'

Avestan: taršu- `trocken'; taršna- m. `Durst'

Armenian: tharāmim, tharšamim `welke', erast `Trockenheit', tharr `Stange zum Trocknen von Trauben etc.'

Old Greek: hom., Hp. térsomai, aor. hom. etérsēn, -ḗmenai̯ `trocken werden', act. Theok., Nik. térsai̯, tersái̯nō `trocken machen, abtrocknen'; tarsó-s, att. tarró-s m. `(geflochtene) Vorrichtung zum Dorre und Trocknen; Rohrgeflecht, Schilfmatte, flacher Korb; verschlungene Wurzeln, die ein Netzwerk bilden; Bez. allerhand flacher Gegenstände (`Fussblatt, -sohle' usw.); Handfläche; Ruderblatt, Ruder, Ruderreihe; Blatt des Vogelflügels, Flügel etc.

Baltic: *trā̂šk- (vb. tr.), *trā̂š-k-m-a- c.

Germanic: *ɵirs-a- vb.; *ɵurs-t-ia- vb.; *ɵarz-iá- vb.; *ɵurz-ú-/*ɵúrsu- adj., *ɵurzí- adj., *ɵars-ia- vb., *ɵárs-ō(n-) f., *ɵurz-n-á- m., *ɵurz-n-ō- vb.; *ɵurs-t-an - m.

Latin: torreō, -ēre, torruī, tostum `dörren, trocknen, sengen, trocknen lassen, entzünden, entflammen', torridus, -a `gedörrt, ausgetrocknet; mager, zusammengeschrumpft'; torris, -is m. `Feuerbrand'

Celtic: *trsto- ? > OIr tart `Durst'

Albanian: ter `(tr.) trockne an der Luft'

Russ. meaning: испытывать недостаток во влаге

References: WP I 737 f

Proto-IE: *terb-, *treb- (*tre-j-b-)

Meaning: to rub, to pull

Old Greek: trī́bō, aor. trī̂psai̯, pass. etríbēn, triphthē̂nai̯ (~ -ī-), pf. tétrīpha, pass. tétrimmai̯ (~ -ī-) `(zer)reiben, aufreiben, erschöpfen, verbrauchen, abnutzen', med. `sich mit etw. beschäftigen'; tribǟ́ `das Zerreiben, Abnutzung, Übung, Beschäftigung, Zeitvertreib, Aufschub', tríbōn, -ōnos m. (/f.) `(abgenutzter) einfacher Mantel', tríbo-s m./f. `abgetretener Weg, Pfad' und = tribǟ́; trī̂mma n. `Getriebenes, Schabsel, Bruchstück', trimmó-s (~ -ī-), amphí-trips etc.

Slavic: *terbī́tī, *terbъ

Russ. meaning: тереть, теребить

References: WP I 728 f

Comments: Cf. *ter(y) 'to rub' and #1900 *drep-.

Proto-IE: *tere-, *trē-, *ter(e)-d-

Meaning: to turn, to bore

Old Indian: trṇatti, pf. tatárda `to cleave, split', tardati `to injure, kill'; tárdman- n. `hole, cleft', tr̥dilá- `porous', tradá- m. `one who cleaves or opens'

Old Greek: tetrái̯nō, títrēmi, titráō, titrái̯nō, pf. med. tétrēmai̯, ft. trḗsō, trētó- `durchbohren, durchlöchern', téressen = étrōsen, etórnōse;teréō `to bore through, pierce' Eust.; téretro-n n. `Bohrer', a-téramno- `hart, unerbittlich'; ; trē̂ma n. `Loch, Öffnung, Nadelöhr, Punkt auf dem Würfel', trē̂si-s f. `das Durchbohren, Öffnung, Loch'; küklo-terḗs `made round by turning'; tóro-s m. `borer, drill, used in trying for water, etc.' Phillyl., IG; tórno-s m. `Dreheisen, Drehbank, Eisen zur Vorzeichnung eines Kreises, Zirkellinie'; Kreisbewegung'; tórmo-s m. `Zapfenloch, Radnabe, -büchse, Zapfen'; aor. étore `durchbohren'; torē̂sai̯ `stechen, ziselieren, formen', anti-torē̂sai̯ `durchboren, -dringen, eindringen in'

Baltic: *tren̂d-ē̂- (*tren̂d-)

Germanic: *ɵrē-a- vb.; *ɵrē-d-ú- c.

Latin: terebra f. `Bohrer'

Celtic: *taradro- > OIr tarathar `Bohrer'; Cymr taradr `Bohrer'

Russ. meaning: вертеть, сверлить

References: WP I 728

Proto-IE: *terǝ-, *trā- <PIH *-rH->

Meaning: to move across

Hittite: tarh- (I) 'besiegen, bezwingen, überwinden' (Friedrich 213)

Old Indian: tárati, tiráti, titarti, tarute `to pass across, cross over; to overcome, surpass', tūrvati, tūryati `to overpower', inf. tartum, turváṇe, ptc. tīrṇá-; turváṇi- `überwältigend, siegreich'; tára- `carrying across or beyond', m. crossing, passage'; tarutár- m. `conqueror'; tárutra- `carrying across; conquering, triumphant'; taráṇi- `moving forwards, carrying over'; táras- n. `energy, progress; ferry'; trāyáte, trāti, 2 sg. trā́sva, 2 pl. trā́dhvam `to protect, preserve'

Avestan: taurvan- `überwindend'; ɵrāzdūm `schirmet!'; ɵrā- (prs. ɵrāya-) `schützen, hüten', ɵrāti- f. `Schirm, Schutz'; tar- `hinübererlangen über', prs. titar-, taraya-, taurvaya-, ptc. vī-tǝrǝta-

Other Iranian: MPers tarwīnītan `überwinden, peinigen'; OPers viyatārayāma `wir überschritten'; Osset tǝrɨn `treiben, jagen', Bal tarag, tharaɣ `umwenden, umkehren'

Old Greek: trǟnḗs, trǟnó- `klar, deutlich, bestimmt, sicher'

Slavic: *trājǭ, *trājātī `длиться etc.'

Latin: intrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum `hineingehen, betreten', extrō, -āre `über etwas hinausgehen'

Russ. meaning: переправляться

References: WP I 728 f

Proto-IE: *terg(')-

Meaning: to rub, to make holes

Tokharian: B tresk- ( < *treg-sk-) 'to chew' (Adams 319)

Germanic: *ɵirk-an- n., *ɵurk=

Latin: tergo, -ere; tergeo, -ēre, tersī, tersus (/ tertus) `abwischen, reinigen'

Other Italic: Umbr mantrahklu, mandraclo `mantēle'

Russ. meaning: тереть, дырявить

References: WP I 728 f

Proto-IE: *teri, *trey-

Meaning: num.: three

Hittite: tarrijanalli- c. 'der dritte' (Friedrich 214)

Tokharian: A trit, B trite 'third' (Adams 316); A tre (m.), tri (f.), B trai, tarya (PT *trey, *täryä) "three" (319)

Old Indian: m. tráyaḥ, n. ved. trī, f. tisráḥ 'three'; tr̥tīya- `third'; trayá- 'thrice', traya- n. 'triad'

Avestan: m. ɵrāyō, n. ɵrī, f. tišrō; ɵritya- 'third'

Other Iranian: OPers ɵitīya- 'third'

Armenian: erekh, gen. erich, instr. erivkh

Old Greek: trẹ̄̂s m., f. (Dor. trées, trēs), tría n., gen. triō̂n, dat. trisí (aeol. trissi) 'three'; tríto-, térto- 'third'

Slavic: *trьje, n. *trī; *tretь(jь), *tretь; m. pl. *troji

Baltic: *trī̃-s, *trī̂-, *trej-, *tre-t-ja- adj., *tir-t-a- adj.

Germanic: { *ɵrīz, acc. *ɵrinz, n. *ɵrija-n usw.; *ɵridʌ́- 'third'; OIsl ɵrennr 'dreifach', ɵrenner 'drei' (bei Kollekt.) }

Latin: trēs, tria, trī-ginta, ord. tertius; terni 'je drei', trīni bei Pluraliatantum

Other Italic: Osk trís, Umbr acc. trif, n. triia

Celtic: OIr tri, trī, f. tēoir, tēora; Cymr tri, f. teir; tris 'third', Cymr trydydd, Corn trysse, trege

Albanian: tre, fem. tri; tritë 'third'

Russ. meaning: три

Proto-IE: *tern-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: thorny bush, thorn

Old Indian: tŕ̥ṇa- n. `grass, herb, straw'

Old Greek: térnak-s <acc. térnaka> `cactus stalk' (Hsch.)

Slavic: *tь̃rnъ, *tь̃rnjь

Germanic: *ɵurn-a- m., *ɵurn-u- c.; *ɵurn-ia- m.

Celtic: [ Ir trāinīn ]

Russ. meaning: растение (колючий кустарник), колючка растения

References: WP II 641

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