Indo-European etymology : Query result

Proto-IE: *sen(w)- <PIH *-nH->

Meaning: to plan, win, finish

Hittite: sanh- (I) 'suchen, versuchen, erstreben, planen, fordern, verlangen' (Friedrich 182)

Old Indian: sánati, sanóti `to gain, acquire, obtain', ptc. sātá-; sánitar-, sanitár-, f. sánutrī `gaining, obtaining, procuring', sātí- f. `gaining, obtaining'

Old Greek: ánǖmi, anǘō, ā́nō `zustande bringen, vollenden'; {kret. ánamai̯ `id.' - wanted!}, a-anés = ou telesthēsómenon (Hsch.), {an anátoi̯s = en aporíais Hsch. - wanted!}, aor. [ḗ]nesa `vollführte'; éntos (Archil.), pl. éntea n. `Geräte; Defensivwaffen, Rüstung', entǖ́nō `ausrüsten, zubereiten, (sich) fertig machen'; {sünéntēs = sünergós Hsch. - wanted!}; auth-éntǟ-s m. `Urheber, Ausführer, Selbstherr; Mörder'

Russ. meaning: осуществить, победить, окончить, прикончить

References: WP II 493 f

Proto-IE: *sepe-, *spē-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to hold, to manipulate

Old Indian: sapati `to follow or seek after, serve, love'

Avestan: hap-, 2, 3 sg. hafšī, haptī `(in der Hand) halten, stützen'; sáparyati `veneratur'

Other Iranian: OPers. hapariya- `Ehrfurcht bezeugen'

Old Greek: amphi-, di-, eph-, meth-, peri-épō (*hépō), aor. -éspon, -spẹ̄̂n `besorgen, betreiben, verrichten etc.'

Latin: sepeliō, -īre, -īvī, sepultum `begraben; vernichten, versenken' (???)

Russ. meaning: держать, манипулировать

References: WP II 487

Proto-IE: *ser-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to hurry, to flow, to attack

Old Indian: sísarti, sárati, fut. sariṣyáti, ptc. sr̥tá- `to run, flow, speed, glide, move'; sirā́ f. `stream, water', sarít f. `river, stream', sarirá- n. `heaving sea, flood', salilá- `flowing, surging, unsteady', sasrá- `flowing, streaming'; sárma- m. `going, running, flowing', sará- `fluid, liquid; going, moving'

Old Greek: hormǟ́ `Anlauf, Angriff, Ansturm, Aufbruch, Streben'

Baltic: *sir̂- (1) vb. tr./intr.

Celtic: *serw- > MIr serb `Raub, Frevel'; Cymr herw `Landstreicherei, Räuberei'

Russ. meaning: бежать, течь, нападать

References: WP II 497 f

Comments: [Probably two roots]

Proto-IE: *ser-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to wind, to weave

Old Indian: sarat- m. `thread' (L.)

Old Greek: éi̯rō, aor. ẹ̄̂rai̯, érsai̯, pf. md. eerméno-, ẹ̄rméno-, plqp. éerto `reihe, anfügen, zusammenfügen '; én-ersi-s f. `das Einfügen, Hineinstecken', pl. hérmata n. `Ohrgehänge; Schlinge', hórmo-s m. `Halsband, Kette', hormiǟ́ `Angelschnur'

Baltic: *sēr-i(a)- c.

Germanic: *sarw-ia- m.

Latin: serō, -ere, -uī, sertum `fügen, reihen, knüpfen', sertum, -ī n. `Blumengewinde'; seriēs `Reihenfolge, Kette, Reihe', pl. serīlia n. `Seile'

Other Italic: Osk (manim) aserum `(manum) asserere'

Celtic: *ser-, *srtā > OIr nī sernat `neque conserunt', sreth `Reihe'

Russ. meaning: свивать, сплетать

References: WP II 499 f

Proto-IE: *serbh-

Meaning: a k. of tree/bush (with berries), rowan-tree, currants

Slavic: *sorbālīnā, *serberīnā (> Rus dial. соробалина, сорбалина 'Brombeere, -strauch, Rubus fruticosus', сербалина 'Hagebutte', серберина)

Baltic: *serb-eñ-t-ā̂ f., -a- c.

Latin: sorbus, gen. -ī f. `Sperberbaum, Vogelbeerbaum', sorbum `Frucht des Vogelbeerbaums'

Russ. meaning: дерево (рябина etc.)

References: ?

Proto-IE: *serka-

Meaning: to tie together, to

Hittite: sarnink- (I) 'ersetzen, entschädigen, büßen' (Friedrich 187)

Tokharian: B sarki 'woof (or warp)' (Adams 677); A sark, B serke (PT *serke) 'cycle, circle' (699)

Old Greek: hérkos n. `Gehege, Zaun, Umzäunung, Vorhof; Fangnetz; Abwehr, Schutz', hérkato-s `phragmós' (Hsch.), herkátǟ `phülakǟ́' (Hsch.); herkánǟ, horkánǟ f. `Umzäunung'

Latin: sarciō, -īre, -rsī, -rtum `flicken, ausbessern, wieder gut machen', sarcina f. `Bündel, Pack, Gepack; Last; Leibesfrucht', sartor, -ōris m. `Flickschneider'

Russ. meaning: связывать, латать

References: WH

Proto-IE: *serpe-

Meaning: to creep

Old Indian: sárpati `to creep, crawl, move gently', ptc. sr̥ptá-; sarpá- m. `snake, serpent'

Old Greek: hérpō, ft. herpǘsō, hérpsō, aor. herpǘsai̯, hérpsai̯ `kriechen, schleichen, auf allen Vieren gehen', herpǘzdō `kriechen', herpetó-n, aeol. órpeto-n n. `Tier das auf allen Viere kriecht, geht', hérpsi-s f. `das Kriechen'

Latin: serpō, -ere, -psī, -ptum `kriechen, schleichen', serpēns, -tis f./m. `Schlange'

Albanian: ǵarpɛr `Schlange', pl. štɛrpíń `alles Kriechende'

Russ. meaning: ползти

References: WP II 502

Proto-IE: *serw-

Meaning: whey

Old Greek: oró-s m. (LS: orró-s is f.l. in Hp., Arist., etc.; ọ̄ró-s was coined bei Nic.Th.708) `die wässerige Teil der geronnenen Milch, die Molke, Fäsewasser'

Slavic: *sɨ̄rovātъkā (по аналогии с *sɨ̄rъ)

Baltic: *sarw-al-a- c.

Latin: serum, -ī n. `der wässrige Teil der geronnenen Milch, die Molke, Käsewasser'

Russ. meaning: сыворотка

References: WP II 497 f

Comments: Greek orros and ọ̄ros were declared as fictive ones in LS, but BS (esp. Baltic) forms confirm *serw-. The Greek forms concidered as fictive ones might be real.

Proto-IE: *serw-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to guard

Avestan: haraiti `hat acht, schützt', haurvaiti id., haurva- `beschützend, hütend' (pasuš-haurvō spā `das Kleinvieh, die Schafe beschützender Hund, Schäferhund', harǝtar- `wer worüber wacht, darauf achthat', harǝɵra- `Pflege, Wartung, Unterhalt', hāra- `achthabend, hütend'

Old Greek: ọ̄̂ro-s m. `Wächter, Hüter'

Slavic: ? *stergtī, *stergǭ; *storžь

Baltic: *ser̂g-ē̂- (*ser̂g-), *sar̂g-a- c. (2), *sarg-ā̂ f., *sar̂g-ti- c.

Germanic: *sarw-ia- m., *sarw-a- n., *sarw-ia- vb.

Latin: servāre `erhalten, unversehrt bewahren, erretten, beobachten, aufbewahren'

Other Italic: Osk serevkid `auspiciō'; Umbr ooserclom `*observāculum ?'

Russ. meaning: охранять

References: WP II 498 f

Proto-IE: *sewa-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to let

Old Greek: eáō, ipf. ẹ̄́ōn, aor. ḗāsa, eā̂sai̯, ps. ẹ̄áthēn, pf. ẹ̄́āka, ẹ̄́amai̯ `lassen, zulassen, gestatten, in Ruhe lassen, unterlassen', aor. md. ipv. 2 sg. *héwa-: ébason = éason (Syrac.) Hsch., ipv. 2 sg. eûa = éa Hsch.

Germanic: *sū-m-ia- vb.

Russ. meaning: пускать, пропускать

References: WP II 472

Proto-IE: *sewǝ-

Meaning: to push, to move

Hittite: suwai- (I) 'stoßen, drängen, schieben' (Friedrich 200)

Old Indian: savati `to go, move' (D.), savati, sauti `to urge, impel' (D.); suváti 'to set in motion, urge, impel', ptc. sutá-, sūta-; savá- m. 'instigator, stimulator', sávīman- n. 'setting in motion', savitár- m. 'stimulator, rouser, vivifier'

Avestan: hunāiti 'verschafft, sucht zu verschaffen', mainyu-šūta- 'vom Geist getrieben', hvąnmahi 'wir suchen zu verschaffen', apahvanvainti 'sie lenken ab'

Slavic: *sovā́ti, *sū́nǭtī

Celtic: OIr. sōim 'drehe, kehre'

Russ. meaning: толкать, приводить в движение

References: WP II 470 (differently in Vasm.)

Proto-IE: *sey- <PIH *sH->

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to tie together, to tie to

Hittite: ishija- (I), Luw. hishija- 'binden, fesseln'; Hitt. ishima-, ishiman(a)- 'Schnur, Seil' (Tischler 384ff); ? ismeri- n. 'Zaum, Zügel' (Tischler 405f)

Old Indian: {syáti}, sinā́ti, sinoti `to bind, tie, fetter', ptc. sitá-; sayatvá- n. `binding, fastening', setár- m. `bond, binder', pra-siti- `Schlinge, Netz, Falle'; sétu- m. `bond, fetter; ridge of earth, bank'; ? sīmán- m. `separation or parting of hair so as to leave a line', f. n. `boundary, border', sīmā f. id., sīmántam. `id.' [very probably same root as in sītā f. `furrow, track or line of a ploughshare', sī́ram.n. `plough']

Avestan: hā(y)- `binden, fesseln', hita- n. `Gespann'; hinu- m. `Band, Fessel'; hāētu- `Damm'

Old Greek: hīmā́s/hi-, gen. hīmánt-os/hi- m. `lederner Riemen (zum Ziehen, Peitschen etc.); Schnurriemen, Türriemen etc.', himáō `(Wasser) an einem Seil (aus einem Brunnen) heraufholen', himoníǟ, himanǟ́thrǟ f. `Brunnenseil'

Slavic: *sīdlo

Baltic: *seĩ- (*sej-a-) vb., *saĩ-l-a- c., *saĩ-st-a- c., *seĩ-l-a- c., *sei-l-ā̂ f., *saĩ-tl-ia- c.

Germanic: *sai-d-án- m., -ṓn- f.; *sai-l-a- n.; *sai-l-ō f.; *sīm-an- m., *sīm-ō f., *sim-an- n.; *sim-ō f.; *saim-a- m., *saim-ia- m.

Celtic: Ir sīm `Kette'; Ir sin (Corm.) `Kette, Halsband'

Russ. meaning: связывать, привязывать

References: WP II 463 f

Comments: Сf. *sait- 'rope, cord, net'.

Proto-IE: *sēidh-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: direct; to aim

Old Indian: sā́dhati, sādhyati, sādhnoti, sadhnoti, sídhyati, pf. siṣedha, ptc. siddha- `to go straight to any goal or aim, to succeed; to bring to an end, accomplish', sādhú- `straight, right, hitting the mark', sup. sā́dhiṣṭha-; -sādh- (in comp.) `accomplishing, performing'; sidhrá-, sidhmá- `going straight to goal, successful, efficacious'

Avestan: häiδišta- `am besten zum Ziele führend, geleitend'; -had- `lenkend, leitend, zum Ziele führend', hādrōyā f. `Verlangen, Wunsch nach Erreichung des Zieles'

Armenian: aǯ `dexter, recht' [rather < NC]

Old Greek: īthǘ- `gerade, gerecht', adv. īthǘ(s) `geradeswegs', īthǖ́-s, -ǘos f. `gerade Richtung, Gang, Unternehmung', īthǘō `gerade angehen, angreifen, streben', īthǖ́nō `gerade machen, richten, lenken, führen'

Russ. meaning: прямое направление; направляться к цели

References: WP II 450

Proto-IE: *sēike-

Meaning: to reach, to reach for

Tokharian: B sik- 'set foot' (Adams 691)

Old Greek: hī́kō, hikánō, hiknéomai̯, aor. hikésthai̯, hī̂kse, -on, pf. md. hī̂gmai̯ `kommen, gelangen, erreichen'; hḗkō `gekommen sein, angelagt sein, da sein'; híksi-s f. `Streckung, Richtung', híktōr, hiktḗr m., hikétǟ-s `Schutzflehender'; hikanó- `zureichend, genügend', prói̯k-s, gen. proi̯kós f. `Gabe, Geschenk', pro-íktǟ-s m. `Bettler', pro-íssomai̯ `um eine Gabe bitten, betteln'

Baltic: *seîk- (-ja-) vb. tr., *saik-in̂- vb.

Russ. meaning: тянуться, достигать

References: WP II 465 f

Proto-IE: *sēiw-, *sjēw-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to sew

Hittite: suel-, suil- n. 'Faden'; su(m)manza(n)- c. 'Strick' (Friedrich 196, 197)

Old Indian: sī́vyati, ptc. syūtá- `to sew'; syū́man- n. `band, thong, bridle', sevana- n. `act of sewing, suture', sū́tra- n. `thread, yarn, string', sūci-, sūcī́ f. `needle'

Old Greek: kassǘō, att. kattǘō `flicken, schustern', kattǘs f. `Stück Leder'

Slavic: *šī́tī, *šьjǭ; *šьvъ; *šī́dlo

Baltic: *sǖ̂- (*süw-a-) vb. tr. (1), *sǖ̂-l-a- c., *sǖ̃-l-ā̂, -iā̃ f. (1), *sǖ-men-ā̂ f.

Germanic: *siw-ja- vb., *siu-d-á- m., *sau-m-a- m., *siw-il-ō f.

Latin: suō, -ere, suī, sūtum `nähen, zusammennähen', sūtor, -ōris m. `Schuster', sūbula f. `Pfrieme, Ahle'

Russ. meaning: шить

References: WP II 514 f

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