Indo-European etymology : Query result

Proto-IE: *spar(w)-, *spraw-, *(s)pars-

Meaning: sparrow

Tokharian: A ṣpār 'sparrow?', B ṣparā-yäkre 'a k. of bird (sparrow-hawk?)' (Adams 666)

Old Greek: {acc. sparásion `a bird similar to a sparrow' (Hsch.) - nowhere found!},

Germanic: *sparw-a- m., *sparw-an- m.; *spraw-an- m.

Latin: parra f.; parrus, gen. -ī `ein Vogel, dessen Geschrei Unglück bedeutete, vl. Schleiereule oder Grünspecht, ev. Meise'

Other Italic: Umbr parfam, parfa `parram', parfa `parrā'

Celtic: *sprawo- > MIr serriach, serr-fiach `Geier'; Corn frau, Bret frâo `Krähe'

Russ. meaning: птица (воробей)

References: WP II 666 f

Comments: Cf. *(s)perg- #973

Proto-IE: *speid-

Meaning: to pull, to stretch, to squeeze

Old Greek: spízdō = ekteínō Hsch., spídio- `ausgedehnt, weit', spidóthen `von weitem', spidnón = püknón, sünekhés, pepēgós Hsch.

Baltic: *speîd- (-ja-) vb. tr., (2), *speîd-iā̃ f. (2), *spaid-a- c., *spaid-ī̂- vb.

Latin: spissus, -a `dicht, dick; nur langsam vorwärts kommend, langsam, zögernd'

Russ. meaning: тянуть, растягивать, давить

References: WP II 656 f

Proto-IE: *(s)pek'-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to look

Tokharian: A, B päk- (PT *päk-) 'intend, want' (Adams 368); A, B spaktāṃ 'service' (714)

Old Indian: páśyati, pf. paspaśe, aor. áspaṣṭa, caus. spāśáyate, ptc. spaṣtá- `to see, behold'; spáś- m. `watcher, spy', spaśa- id.

Avestan: spasyeiti `späht' spas `Späher', spaštar- id., spasan- `hinspähend auf'

Old Greek: sképtomai̯, aor. sképsasthai̯, ps. skephthē̂nai̯, skepē̂nai̯, pf. md. éskemmai̯ `umherschauen, sich umsehen, spähen, betrachten, erwägen, prüfen', skopó-s m., f. `Späher, Wächter, Kundschafter'; skopó-s m. `Ziel, Zweck', skopiǟ́ f. `Berg-, Burgwarte, Berggipfel, Wachtturm'; skopǟ́ `Warte', sképsi-s f. `Betrachtung, Überlegung, Untersuchung', skémma `Untersuchyng, Problem'; iter.-intens. skopéō, -éomai̯

Germanic: *spáx-ō- vb., *spḗx-ō- vb., *spix-ō- vb., *spíx-ō(n-) f., *spḗx-(i)a- adj., *spḗx-ō f.

Latin: speciō, -ere, spexī, -ctum `sehen', spectāre `schauen, betrachten, prüfen, ins Auge fassen, hinschauen', specimen n. `Probe; Muster'; spectrum n. `Bild in der Seele, Vorstellung', speciēs, -ēī f. `Ausschauen, Erscheinung, Bild, Aussehen, Gestalt, Schein, Vorstellung, Begriff, Art', au-, haru-spex; specus, -ūs m./specus, -ī f. `Höhle, Grotte, Vertiefung'

Russ. meaning: смотреть

References: WP II 660 f

Proto-IE: *(s)pelbh-, *(s)pelbh-t-

Meaning: spelt; spelt meal

Old Greek: polphó-s m. Bez. eines Mehlgerichts, `Fadennudeln', polpho-phákǟ f. `Gericht von Fadennudeln und Linsen' || pólto-s m. `Brei aus Mehl'

Slavic: *p[ь]lbā > Rus по́лба

Germanic: *spiltō, *spilt-a-z, *spilt-an- m.

Latin: puls, gen. -tis f. `dicker Brei oder Sterz aus Speltmehl'

Celtic: *pltnó-: MIr littiu, gen. litten, Ir lite `Mehlsuppe, pulmentum'; Cymr lith (i statt y nach llith `Köder') `Mehlsuppe, pulmentum'

Russ. meaning: полба

References: WP II 60

Comments: Spelt (Triticum dicoccoides) 'weizenähnliche Getreidesorte ('Dinkel'), deren Ährenspindel beim Dreschen in einzelne kleine Ähren zersplittert, während die Körner in den Hülsen eingeshclossen bleiben'

Proto-IE: *(s)pelǝ-

Meaning: to appeal

Old Greek: apẹ̄lǟ́ f. `ruhmredige Verheissung; Drohung'; apẹ̄léō `prahlend verheissen; drohnen'

Baltic: *pel̂- (2) vb. tr., *pal-iā̃ f.

Germanic: *spill-a- n., *spill-ō- vb.

Latin: appellāre `ansprechen, anreden, nennen, mahnen, anklagen', compellāre `anreden, angehen, schelten, anklagen', interpellāre `durch Zwischenreden unterbrechen, Einspruch erheben'

Russ. meaning: апеллировать

References: WP II 676 f

Proto-IE: *spen-

Meaning: teat (of breast, udder)

Tokharian: A päśśäṃ, B päścane (PT *päścäne) dual. 'breasts' (Adams 382)

Baltic: *spen-ia- m.

Germanic: *span-an- m., *span-ō(n-) f., *span-jō(n-) f., *spunn=

Celtic: OIr sine `Zitze', bō tri-phne `Kuh mit drei Zitzen', MIr sine scan `uvula'

Russ. meaning: сосок груди, вымени

References: WP II 663

Proto-IE: *(s)pend-

Meaning: to pull, to stretch

Slavic: *pę̄dь; *pǭ́dītī

Baltic: *spen̂d- (-ja-) vb. tr., *spand-ā̂ f., *spañd-a- c., *span̂d-ī̂- vb., *span̂d-st-a- (2), -sl-a- c.

Latin: pendeō, -ēre, pependī, pēnsum `hängen, schweben; unentschieden, zweifelhaft sein; abhängig sein', pendō, -ere, pependī, pēnsum `wägen, erwägen; schätzen, zahlen, leiden; wiegen'; pondō `an Gewicht'; pondus, -eris n.; ponderāre `wägen, beurteilen'

Other Italic: Umbr ampentu `impenditō', 2 sg. ft. anpenes `impenderis'

Russ. meaning: тянуть, растягивать

References: WP II 660 f

Proto-IE: *spend-

Meaning: to execute a rite

Hittite: ispant- / sipant- (II) `Gussopfer darbringen, libieren, (durch Besprengen?) weihen, ein Ritual vollziehen' (Tischler 411ff)

Tokharian: A, B spänt- 'trust' (Adams 717)

Old Greek: spéndō, -omai̯, aor. spẹ̄̂sai̯, -sasthai̯, pf. md. éspẹ̄smai̯ act. `ein Trankopfer bringen, ausgiessen, spenden', med. `(unter Verrichtung eines Trankopfers) einen Waffenstillstandsvertrag schliessen', spondǟ́ f. `Trankopfer, Weinspende', pl. `(mit Trankopfer geheiligter) Waffenstillsstandsvertrag, Waffenruhe, Friedensvertrag, Gottesfriede'

Latin: spondeō, -ēre, spopondī/spondī, spōnsum `feierich geloben, sich verbürgen, die Einwilligung für die Verlobung geben', spōnsus, -ī m. `Verlobter, Bräutigam'; spōnsa f. `Braut'

Russ. meaning: исполнять религиозный обряд

References: WP II 665

Proto-IE: *(s)penǝ-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to weave, to plait, to spin

Armenian: hanum, aor. hanay; henum, aor. heni `weben, zusammennähen'

Slavic: *pę̄́tī, *pь̀nǭ (тормозить etc.), *pǭto, *per-ponā

Baltic: *pin̂- (2, inf *pin̂-têi 1) vb. tr., *pin-a- c., *pīn-ā̂, *pin-t-iā̃ f.

Germanic: *spinn-a- vb.; *spun=; *spin-[i]l-ō(n-) f.; *spinn-iō(n-) f.

Celtic: Cymr cy-ffiniden `Spinne, Spinnweb', Bret que-ffniden n. `Spinnweb'

Russ. meaning: плести, вязать, прясть

References: WP II 660 f

Proto-IE: *(s)peng- (-ph-)

Meaning: to shine

Old Greek: phéŋgō `leuchten, scheinen, erleuchten', phéŋgos n. `Licht, Schein, Glanz'

Baltic: *sping-ē̂- (*spin̂g-a-; *spiñg-i-/*spin̂g-i-) vb., spañg-a- adj, *spañg- vb. intr., *spin̂g-an-ā̂ (1)/*spiñg-an-ā̂ f.

Germanic: *fank-an- m., *funk-an- m., -ōn- f.; *spunk=

Russ. meaning: светить

References: WP II 663 f

Proto-IE: *(s)pen(w)-

Meaning: to stretch

Old Greek: pénomai̯ (only prs. and ipf.) 'strenge mich an, mühe mich ab, habe Mangel'; pó no-s m. 'work'; pêi̯na, -ǟs, ion. péi̯nē 'hunger, famine'

Slavic: *pę̄tī, *pьnǭ (распяливать, распинать); *pę̄̃dlo; *po-ponā

Germanic: *span-ō- vb., *span-a- m.; *spann-a- vb., *spann-ia- vb., *span-ja- vb., *spann=, *spann-ō f.; *spēn=

Albanian: pendɛ, pɛndɛ `Paar Ochsen; Joch (Ackermass)'

Russ. meaning: растягивать

References: WP II 660 f

Proto-IE: *sper-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to destroy, to scatter

Hittite: ispar-, isparra- (I,II) 'hin-, ausbreiten' (Tischler 416ff)

Armenian: pharat `zerstreut, gesondert', pharatem `zerstreue, entferne, nehme weg'; sphrem `zerstreue', s-phirr `zerstreut, verstreut, ausgedehnt'

Old Greek: spéi̯rō, aor. spẹ̄̂rai̯, ps. sparē̂nai̯, pf. md. ésparmai̯, va. spartó- `säen, besäen; ausstreuen, aussprengen, verbreiten'; spérma n. `Same, Saat, Stamm, Spross', spérados n. `id.'; sporǟ́ f. `das Saen, Saat, Zeugung, Abstammung', spóro-s m. `Saat, Same', sparnó- `dünngesät, spärlich'

Russ. meaning: рассеивать, разрушать

References: WP II 670 f

Proto-IE: *sper-

Meaning: to twist

Tokharian: A spārtw-, B spārtt- 'to turn (tr., intr.), conduct oneself, behave' (Adams 715)

Armenian: pharem, pharim 'umarme, umschließe'

Old Greek: speîra 'Windung', speiráō 'winde, wickle', spárto-n n., spártǟ f. 'gedrehtes oder geflochtenes Seil', ? spürís 'geflochtener Korb'

Baltic: *spar-t-a- c.

Russ. meaning: крутить

References: WP II 667

Proto-IE: *(s)per- (Arm-Gr pt-)

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: wing, feather

Hittite: partawar n. (r/n) 'Flügel, Schwinge' (Friedrich 164)

Tokharian: B paruwa pl. 'feathers' (Adams 358)

Old Indian: parṇá- n. `pinion, feather, wing'

Avestan: parǝna- 'Feder, Flügel'

Armenian: thir `Flug'

Old Greek: pteró-n n. `Feder, Flügel, Fittich'; ptérük-s, -ügos f. `Flügel'

Slavic: *pero

Baltic: *spar̃-n-a- c., -ā̂ f.

Russ. meaning: перо, крыло

References: WP II 19 f

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