Indo-European etymology : Query result

Proto-IE: *yes- (Gr zd-)

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to boil

Tokharian: A, B yäs- 'excite, excite sexually' (Adams 500)

Old Indian: yasati, yásyati `to froth up, foam; to strive after'

Avestan: yaēšyeiti `siedet (intr.)'

Old Greek: zdéō, aor. zdé(s)sai̯, ezdésthai, pf. ézdesmai̯ `kochen, wallen, sieden (intr.)'; zdéma n. `das Kochen, Dekokt', zdóē = tò epánō toû mélitos Hsch.

Germanic: *jís-a- vb.; *jṓs-a- adj.; *jṓs-ia- vb., *jḗs-ia- vb., *jis-tu- c., *jis-t-a- n., *jaz-já- vb.

Celtic: Cymr ias `fervor, ebullitio'

Russ. meaning: кипеть, кипятить

References: WP I 208

Proto-IE: *y[e]udh- (Gr h-)

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to fall upon, to attack, to shake

Old Indian: ud-yodhati `to bubble up (as water); to fly into a passion', yúdhyate, yodhati `to fight', yúdh- m. `fighter', f. `war, combat', yudhmá- m. `warrior, hero'

Avestan: yūiδyeinti `sie kämpfen', yaošti- `Rührigkeit, Emsigkeit', yaozaiti `gerät in unruhige Bewegung'

Other Iranian: OPers yaudatīy `gerät in unruhige Bewegung'

Old Greek: hüsmī́nǟ f. (auch dat. hüsmī̂ni) `Schlacht, Kampf'

Slavic: *jūdo, *jūdītī; [ *ojьmīnъ, pl. *ojьmī `Krieger' ]

Baltic: *jaûd-ā̂ (1) f., jaũd-a- c., *jud-ē̂- (*jud-a-) vb., *jud-r-u- adj., *jū̂d-ī̂- (1/2) vb.

Latin: iubeō (OLat ioubeatis CIL I 196:27), -ēre, iussī (OLat ious(s)ī), iussum `einen etwas heissen, befehlen', iussum n. `Befehl'

Celtic: OCymr, OCorn, OBret Jud- `Kampf' in MN

Russ. meaning: набрасываться, трясти etc.

References: WP I 203 f

Proto-IE: *yeug'-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to be agitated, excited

Avestan: yaozati `regt sich auf (vom Wasser, von unruhigeen Ländern)', yaōšti- `Rürigkeit, Regsamkeit'

Armenian: ? yuzem `ich rege auf'

Germanic: *jiuk-ō f., *jiuk-a- vb., *jauk-ia- vb.

Russ. meaning: волноваться, возбуждаться

References: WP I 203

Proto-IE: *y[e]wǝ-

Meaning: to join

Tokharian: ? A yo 'und; mit'

Old Indian: yāuti, yuváti `to unite, attach, harness', ptc. yutá-; yuti- f. `uniting, junction', yūthá- n. m. `herd, flock, multitude', yotra- n. `fastening, tie, rope', yūna- n. `band, cord, string'

Avestan: yav- `womit umgehen, sich womit beschäftigen', inf. yūtō, yūta; yaona- n. `Beschäftigung'; yav- (yu-) adj. `haltend, stehend zu jemandem'

Baltic: *jaû-t-i- c., *jū̂-t-i- (1), *jū̃t-i- c., *jū-t-aw-ā̂ f.

Russ. meaning: соединять

References: WP I 201

Proto-IE: *yewǝ- (Gr zd-)

Meaning: a k. of cereals

Hittite: ewa- n. `eine Feldfrucht, Abart der Gerste' (Tischler 119)

Old Indian: yáva-ḥ m. `barley, corn'; yávya- `suitable for barley; m. stock of barley or fruit'; (Kafir) Ashkun, Waigali yū `barley, millet'

Avestan: yava- `crop', yǝvīn- m. 'Getreidefeld'

Other Iranian: Pers ǯav 'Gerste, Kurd', Baluchi ǯaw, ǯō `barley', Yagn yau̯ 'id.', Osset jäw `millet'

Old Greek: zdei̯á-i̯ f., later zdei̯ā́, zdeǟ́ (zdéǟ) `Dinkel, Spelt, Triticum monococum', zdéi̯-dōro- `Spelt (Getreide)', zdeó-ṗüro-n `Art Triticum',LS: Hom. phǖsí-zdoo- as epith. of earth, prob. 'producing dzéa, âi̯a, but reinterpreted as from zdōǟ́ (zdóǟ) 'producing life' Aesch., etc.

Slavic: *jevīnъ, *jevьnjā (блр. ёўня), *jevъdь (Rus dial. новг., пск., осташк. о́водь, ово́дь `яровая рожь' СРНГ 22:301)

Baltic: *jav-a- c., *jaû-ja- c., *jaû-jā̂ (1) f.

Celtic: OIr eorna `Gerste'

Russ. meaning: растение (какой-то злак)

References: WP I 203

Proto-IE: *yew(ǝ)- (Gr zd-)

Meaning: to mix (food), to knead

Old Indian: yāvana- n. 'mixing', yāvya- 'to be joined or mixed'

Old Greek: zdǖ́mǟ f. `Sauerteig'

Baltic: *jaũ- (/ *jaû-) vb. tr., *jaũk-, *jaũg- vb. tr.

Celtic: OIr īth `puls'; OCymr iot, Cymr uwd, Bret iod, OCorn iot `Brühe, Brei'

Russ. meaning: перемешивать (пищу), месить

References: WP I 199

Proto-IE: *yē

Meaning: part.: already, etc.

Germanic: *jā

Latin: iam `schon, bereits; gleich, jetzt'

Russ. meaning: уже etc.

References: WH

Proto-IE: *yē- (Gr zd-)

Meaning: to long for, to be angry, etc.

Tokharian: B yāsk- 'beg, entreat' (Adams 494)

Old Indian: {yā- 'beg, entreat',} ṛṇa-yā́- 'going after or demanding obligations', yātú- m. 'sorcery, witchcraft'

Avestan: yāsaiti 'wonach langen, verlangen, streben, erbitten'

Other Iranian: NPers ǯādū 'Zauberer'

Old Greek: zdē̂lo-s m., zdē̂los n. 'jealousy, zeal for; fervour, zeal; pride, honour, glory', zdōró- 'pure, sheer' (prop. of wine without water)

Slavic: *jārъ(jь); *jārī́tī sę̄

Russ. meaning: бесноваться

References: WP I 197

Proto-IE: *yēgʷ- (Greek h-)

Meaning: power

Old Greek: hḗbǟ (Dor. hḗbā, aeol. ā́bā) 'youthful prime, youth'

Baltic: *jē̂g-ā̂ f. (1/2), *jēg- vb. intr.

Russ. meaning: сила

References: Fraenkel 192

Proto-IE: *yoin-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: juniper

Germanic: *jain-ia- m., *jain=

Latin: iūniperus, gen. -ī f. `Wacholderstrauch'

Russ. meaning: дерево (можжевельник)

References: WP I 208 f

Proto-IE: *york(')- (Gr zd-)

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: roe, doe

Old Greek: zdórks f.; zdorkás, -ádos; dórks, dork-ós f.; dorkás, gen. -ádos; dórko-s; íorko-s f. `Reh, Gazelle'

Celtic: Cymr iwrch `caprea mas', Corn yorch `Reh', Bret iourc'h 'Reh'

Russ. meaning: скот (лань, косуля)

References: WP I 209

Proto-IE: *yowen-

Meaning: young

Old Indian: yúvan-, gen. yū́naḥ `young'; `young person', f. yūnī, comp. yávīyas-, sup. yáviṣṭha-; yuvaśá- `young, youthful'

Avestan: yvan-, yavan- [für *yuvan- geschrieben], gen. yūnū 'Jungling'

Slavic: *jūnъ

Baltic: *jaûn-a- (2) adj.

Germanic: *jun-g-á- adj.; *jug(w)-unɵ-i- f., *jún-x-iz-a- adj.

Latin: iuvenis, -is m. `junger Mann', iuvenis adj. `jung', comp. iūnior; iūnīx f. `junge Kuh, Farse'; iuvencus, -ī m., iuvenca f. `junger Stier bzw. junge Kuh; junger Mensch bzw. Mädchen'

Other Italic: Umbr pl. dat. iovies `iuvenibus', acc. iovie `iuvenēs'; iveka `iuvencās', iuengar `iuvencae'

Celtic: Gaul Jovinc-illus, -a; OIr ōa `jünger', ōam `jüngst', oāc `jung', MIr ōc `jung'; Cymr ieuanc `jung', MCymr ieu `jünger', ieuaf, yeuhaf `jüngst'; Cymr iau `jünger', ieuaf `jüngst', MCorn yowynk `jung', Bret iaou `jünger', iaouank `jung'

Russ. meaning: молодой

References: WP I 200

Proto-IE: *yōr- (Gr h-)

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: year, spring

Avestan: yārǝ n. 'Jahr'

Old Greek: hṓrǟ f. `Jahreszeit, Jahr, Tageszeit, Stunde, rechte Zeit, Blütezeit, Reiferzeit'

Slavic: *jārā, *jārь, *jārъ(jь)

Baltic: *jār-iā̃ f., -ia- m.

Germanic: *jēr-a- n.

Latin: hōrnus, -a `heurig' (< *hō-i̯ōrino-)

Russ. meaning: год, весна

References: WP I 3, 105

Proto-IE: *yōs- (Gr zd-)

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to gird

Avestan: yɔ̄ŋhayeiti `gürtet', ptc. yāsta- `gegürtet', yāh n. `Gürtelschnur'

Old Greek: zdṓnnǖmi, aor. zdō̂sai̯, pass. zdōsthē̂nai̯, pf. ézdōka, ézdō(s)mai̯ `(sich) gürten', ptc. zdōstó-; zdōstḗr m. `Leibgurt', zdō̂ma n. `Gürtel, Schurz', zdṓnǟ f. `Gurt, Gürtel' , pl. zdṓstra n., zdṓstrǟ f. `Schürze, Stirnband', *zdōtǘ- ~ *zdōwǘ-: zdōtǘ-s (or zdōgǘs) = thṓraks Hsch.

Slavic: *po-jāsātī, -jāsjǭ; *pojāsъ, *ot-jāsъ (Czech ocas 'Schwarz')

Baltic: *jō̂s- (*jō̂s-ja-, *jō̂s-meî) (2) vb. tr., *jō̂s-m-ō̃ (-en-), -m-a-, -m-ā̂ f., *jō̂s-t-ā̂ (1/2)

Russ. meaning: опоясывать

References: WP I 209

Proto-IE: *yōus- (Gr zd-)

Meaning: broth, soup

Old Indian: yūṣ (only Nom. Sg.); yūṣán- m., yūṣa- m. n. `soup, broth'

Old Greek: zdōmó-s m. `Brühe, Sauce, Suppe'

Slavic: *jūxā

Baltic: *jū̂š-iā̃ f.

Latin: iūs, gen. iūris n. `Brühe'

Russ. meaning: бульон, суп

References: WP I 199

Proto-IE: *yug-; *yeug- (Gr zd-)

Meaning: yoke; measure of ploughed land; to yoke, to join

Hittite: juga- n./c. 'Joch?' (Tischler 448-449)

Tokharian: A, B yuk- 'overcome, conquer; surpass' (Adams 502)

Old Indian: yunákti, yuñjati `to yoke, join, fasten, harness'; yóga- m. `the act of yoking, joining; yoke, vehicle'; yoktár- m. `one who yokes, charioteer', yóktra- n. `thong, instrument for tying or fastening'; yugá- n. `yoke, team'; yugala- n. `pair, couple'

Avestan: yaoǰ-, yuǰ- `anspannen, anschirren; womit vertraut machen, eine Sache teilhaftig machen'; yaōxǝδra- n. `kriegerische Anspannung, Unternehmung, Angriff'

Armenian: luc `Joch'

Old Greek: zdügó-n n. (/ zdügó-s m.) `Joch'; zdêu̯gos n. `Gespann, (zweispanniges) Fuhrwerk, Paar'; zdéu̯gnǖmi, -ǘō, aor. zdêu̯ksai̯, pass. zdügē̂nai̯, pf. pass. ézdeu̯gmai̯, ézdeukha `zusammenjochen, anspannen, vereinigen'; zdéü̯glǟ f. `Teil de Joches (`Jochkissen, Kummet' ?)'; pl. zdeu̯ktḗres `Jochriemen', zdêu̯gma n. `zusammenjochender Gegenstand, Schiffsbrücke, Schleusenjoch usw.'; ptc. zdeu̯któ-; á-zdük-s `unvrrbunden, unvermählt', homó-, sü-zdük-s `zusammengejocht, verbunden'

Slavic: *jь́go, gen. *jь́žese; *jь́go, gen. -a `Joch'; *õbьžā `ein Landmass: so viel als ein Mann mit einem Pferd pglügt'

Baltic: *jaûg- vb. tr., *jaûg-t-a- (1), *jun̂g- (2) vb. tr., *jun̂g-a- (2) c., jun̂g-i- (2) c., *jun̂g-iā̃ (2) f.

Germanic: *juk-iz-i- c., *juk-uz-jō f., *jauk-ia- m., *juk-a- n.

Latin: iūgera, -um, -ibus (/-īs) n. `ein Morgen Landes (etwa 2500 Quadratmeter)'; iūmentum (OLat iouxmenta) `Spanntier'; iungō, -ere, iūnxī, iūnctum `anspannen, eine Jochbrucke schlagen, verbinden'; iūgis, -e `immerdauernd, beständig; ununterbrochen'; iugum, -ī n. `Joch; Gespann; Morgen Landes'

Celtic: Cymr iau f., OCymr iou, OCorn ieu, Bret eio, geo `Joch'; Gaul Veriugodumnus

Russ. meaning: ярмо; мера пахоты; запрягать в ярмо, соединять

References: WP I 201 f

Proto-IE: *yū-s, *yu-sme-, *ye- (Gr h-)

Meaning: pron. pers.: 2 pl., du.

Tokharian: A yas, B yes (PT *yes) 'you' (Adams 302)

Old Indian: du. yuvám, pl. yūyám 'you'; acc. etc. yu-ṣmā́n

Avestan: yūžǝm, abl. yū-šmat_; gath. yuš

Armenian: anl. Kasus: dat. je-z

Old Greek: acc. lesb. ǘ-mme, dor. hǖmé, nom. lesb. ǘ-mmes, dor. hǖmés, usw.

Baltic: *jū-

Germanic: *jūz/jīz (*jū-) pl. , *jūt du.

Albanian: ju

Russ. meaning: 2 мн.

Proto-IE: *y^end- (Gr h-)

Meaning: grown-up, strong

Old Indian: índra- 'stark'

Old Greek: hadró- `voll, dicht, ausgewachsen, reif'

Slavic: *ję̄drъ(jь), *ję̄drītī

Russ. meaning: выросший, сильный

References: WP I 166 f (different in Pok.)

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