Indo-European etymology : Query result

Proto-IE: *bhere-, *bhrē-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to bear

Tokharian: A, B pär- (PT *pär-) 'bear (away), carry (off), take up, wear' (Adams 371)

Old Indian: bhárati, bhárti, bíbharti, bibhárti, pf. babhāra, jabhā́ra, ptc. bhr̥tá-, inf. bhártum `to bear, carry, convey, hold'; bhr̥tí- f. `bearing, carrying, bhrtyā́ f. `support, maintenance, wages'; bhárman- n. `support, maintenance, nourishment; (L.) load', bhárīman- n. `supporting, nourishing', bharítra- n. `arm'; bhára- m. `act of bearing, carrying, bringing; gain, prize, booty', bháraṇa- n. `bearing, maintaining'; bhartár- m. `bearer'; bhārá- m. `burden, load, weight', bhā́rman- n. `board for bearing or holding', bhāryà- `to be borne, supported', babhrí- `bearing, carrying'

Avestan: baraiti `trägt; reitet'; -bībarāmi; ptc. bǝrǝta-; borsti- `das Tragen', fra-bǝrsti- `Darreichung, Darbietung'; -bara- `tragend, bringend etc.', fra-barǝtar- `ein Unterpriester'

Other Iranian: OPers 3 pl. barantiy

Armenian: berem `trage, bringe'; berrn, gen. berrin `Bürde, Last', ber `Ertrag'; ber `impetus, Bewegung, Lauf', -ber `bringend, tragend'; lusa-vor `lichtbringend'; ? bard `Haufe; Kompositum'

Old Greek: phérō, -omai̯, hom. ipv. phérte `tragen, ertragen, wegtragen, abtragen, herbeischaffen, sich erstrecken, sich fortbeweeen etc.'; ft. -phrḗsō, aor. -éphrēsa, -phrē̂nai̯, -phrẹ̄́s: dia- `durchlassen', ẹ̄s- `hineinlassen, hineinstecken', ek- `herausbringen, herauslassen, entlassen'; ẹ̄s-piphránai̯ `hineinbringen'; iter. phoréō `trage etc.'; ptc. phertó-; phéretro-n, phértro-n n. `Bahre', phóretron-n n. `Tragerlohn, Fuhrlohn', pharétrǟ f. `Köcher'; phérnǟ f. `Mitgift'. aeol. phérenā `id.'; phóro-s `Ertrag, Steuer', -phoro- `tragend'; phorǟ́ f. `das Tragen, Last, Abtragen, Abgabe, Hervorbringen, Ertrag, Bewegung, Lauf', phóro-s `Ertrag, (eingehobener) Tribut, (eingelieferte) Abgabe', phoró- `tragend, förderlich, trächtig, einträglich'; phórto-s m. `Ladung, Last', dí-phro-s `der den Wagenlenker und den Kämpfer fassende Teil des Streitwagens'; díphro-s m. `Sessel, Stuhl, Wagenkasten, Wagen'

Slavic: *bьrā́tī, *bèrǭ; *bèrmę̄/*bérmę̄; *borъ, *=borъ

Baltic: ? *bar-a- c.

Germanic: *bir-a- vb., *barw-iō(n-) f., *bēr-ō(n-) f., *bur-ɵ-i- c., -ī(n-) f., -iōn- f.; *bur-jō(n-) f.; *bar-ō- vb., *bēr-ja- adj.

Latin: ferō, ferre `tragen, hervorbringen, verbreiten, ertragen; hintragen, überbringen; wegtragen; forttragen, treiben'; prs 2 sg. fers, 3 sg. fert etc.; praefericulum n. `eherne weite Opferschale', ferculum n. `Trage, Bahre, Speisebrett'; offertor `Opferer'

Other Italic: Umbr fertu `fertō', ferest `feret', ferar `ferātur'; ař-, ars-fertur `flamen (*adfertor)'; Volsk ferom `ferre'; Marc ferenter `feruntur', feret `fert'

Celtic: *ber-, *brt-, *bert- > OIr prs. 1 sg. biru, 3 sg. berit `tragen', as-biur `sage', do-biur `gebe'; breth, brith, breith, gen. brith `das Tragen'; MIr bert `Bündel'; Cymr cymeraf `nehme'; bryd `Geanke', Corn brys `Gedanke'

Albanian: bie, 2 pl. `bringe, trage, führe', zbjer `verliere'; mbar, bar `trage, schleppe'

Russ. meaning: нести

References: WP II 153 f

Proto-IE: *bherǝ-

Meaning: to give birth

Other Iranian: NPers bar `Frucht'

Armenian: ber `Frucht, Fruchtbarkeit'

Old Greek: phérma n. `Feld-, Leibesfrucht'

Slavic: *bermę̄, *bermenьnā(jā)

Baltic: *ber-n-a- c. (Lith AC / Lett CIRC)

Germanic: *bir-a- vb., *bar-n-a- n., *bur-d-í-(/*búr-ɵ-i-) c., *bur-[ɵ]-a- m., *bar-m-a- m., -i- c.; *bur-i c.~n.

Latin: fertilis, -e `fruchtbar'; Flōri-fertum `Fest der Flora', ferāx, -ācis `fruchtbar'

Other Italic: Paelign fertlid `fertiliter ?'

Celtic: OIr breth, brith, breith `das Gebären', MIr bert `Geburt', Corn a brys benen `fromb the womb of woman'

Albanian: bir Sohn, bijε, griech. cal. bil'ε Tochter burε Mann

Russ. meaning: рож(д)ать

References: WP II 153 f

Proto-IE: *bherǝg- ?

Meaning: ritual yeast bread (?)

Old Indian: ? OInd bhurájanta Rv. 4, 43, 5 `to boil, bubble'

Baltic: *birg-ā̂ f., *bir̃g-el-a-, -al-a- c.

Latin: fertum, OLat ferctum (firctum) `ein mit Honig und Öl bereiteter Opferladen', pl. stru-fer(c)tāriī `Opferer'

Other Italic: Osk fertalis `fertālēs, Zeremonien, bei denen Opferkuchen gebraucht wurden ?'

Celtic: OIr bairgen (< *barigen-) `bread'

Russ. meaning: ритуальный дрожжевой хлеб?

References: WP II 165

Comments: Cf. *bhrīg-.

Proto-IE: *bherǝg'-, *bhrāg'-

Meaning: birch

Old Indian: bhūrja-ḥ `a sp. of birch, the Bhoj tree, Betula Bhojpatra'; Dard Phalura brhuǯ, Dameli brū̃ṣ, Gawar-Bati bluz `birch'; Kafir Vaygali brūǯ id.

Other Iranian: Sak braṁj `birch', bruṁjǝ- `birch bark', Wakhan. furz, Sanglechi bǝrǝž, Shugn bǝruǯ `birch'; Osset bärz, bärzä 'id.'; Pashto barǯ `bast'; Tadj burz, burs `a k. of juniper'

Slavic: *bérzā A; *berzъ A (SH brèz, слвн. brẹ̀z); *berstā, *bersto `береста'; *berstъ `вяз, берест'

Baltic: *ber̂ǯ-a- (1) c., *ber̂ǯ-ā̂ (1) f., *berǯ-iā̃ (1) f., *bir̃ǯ-iā̃ f., *bir̃ǯ-ia- c., *bir̂ǯ-tw-ā̂ (1), *ber̃ǯ-l-ia-, *bir̃ǯ-l-ia- c.

Germanic: *birk-iō f.; *birk-ō f.

Latin: frāxinus, -ī f. `Bergesche, F. excelsior'; farnus, gen. -ī f. `ein Baum, wrsch. Esche'

Russ. meaning: дерево (береза)

References: WP II 170

Proto-IE: *bhergh-

Meaning: to take care

Slavic: *bergtī, *bergǭ/*bьrgǭ

Baltic: *bir̂g-in̂- vb., *birg-en̂- vb.

Germanic: *birg-a- vb., *burg-ia- vb., *burg-ō- vb., *birg-ia- adj., *birg-ia- vb., *birg-ō f.

Russ. meaning: беречь

References: WP II 170 f

Proto-IE: *bhergh-, *bherg'h-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: mountain; tall

Hittite: parku- 'hoch', parganu- (I) 'hoch machen', pargatar n. (r/n) 'Höhe', parkija-, park- (I) 'sich erheben' (Friedrich 160-161)

Tokharian: A, B pärk- (PT *pärk-) 'arise, rise, come up'; A pärkär, B pärkare (PT *pärk(ä)re) 'long' (Adams 372 f)

Old Indian: imp. 2 sg. barhaya `auge!'; br̥hánt- `high, tall, great, large'

Avestan: bǝrǝz- `Höhe, Berg', barǝzan- m., barǝzah- n. `Höhe', barǝšnu- m. `Erhebung, Höhe, Himmel, Kopf'; bǝrǝzant-, bǝrǝzi-, bǝrǝz- `hoch'; barǝzayeni `ich will aufwachsen lassen', barzyah- `höher'

Other Iranian: NPers burz `Höhe, Berg'; bālā (*barzaka-) `Höhe', NPers buland `hoch'

Armenian: erkna-, lerna-berʒ `himmel-, berghoch'

Slavic: *bergъ

Germanic: *birg-a- n.; *burg-ō f.,, *birg-ax-a- adj.

Celtic: Gaul Bergusia; Admageto-briga, Litano-briga u. a. ON, Arebrigium ON, Brigiani (Alpenvolk); Brigantes VN, Brigantia ON `Bregenz', Name einer weibl. Gottheit; *bregh=: OIr brī, acc. brig `Hügel', Cymr bre f. `Hügel', Corn bre f. Hügel', Bret bre f. `Hügel'; Cymr bera `Haufe', OCorn, Bret bertn `id.'

Russ. meaning: гора; высокий

Proto-IE: *bhergʷ-, *bhergʷh-

Meaning: to feed

Old Indian: bhárvati `to chew, devour, eat'

Avestan: baoirya- `was gekaut werden muss, fest', baourva- `kauend'

Old Greek: phérbō, -omai̯, plqpf. hHom. epephórbei̯ `weiden, hüten, füttern, ernähren', m. `sich an etw. nähren, verzehren, geniessen'; phorbǟ́ f., pl. phorbá n. `Weide, Futter, Nahrung'

Slavic: ? *bergtī (в значении `кормить')

Germanic: *birgw-a- vb., *bargw-ia- vb.

Russ. meaning: кормить(ся)

References: WP II 164 f (differently in Pok.)

Proto-IE: *bhern-

Meaning: mouth

Armenian: beran `Mund'

Slavic: Blg bъrna `Lippe'

Baltic: *bur̂n-ā̂ f., *pur̂n-[a]- (2) c.

Celtic: Ir bern `Kluft, Öffnung'

Russ. meaning: рот

References: WP II 160

Proto-IE: *bherw-, *bhrew-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to boil, to seethe

Old Indian: bhurváṇi- `restless, impatient', bhurván- `restless motion of water'

Old Greek: phorütó-s m. `Gemisch, Gemengsel, Kehricht, Auswurf, Spreu', phorǖ́nomai̯, phorǘssomai̯ `vermischt, befleckt, besudeln werden'

Slavic: *brūjītī, *brūjā́

Germanic: *briww-á- vb., *brú-ɵ=; ? *brau-d-á- n.

Latin: fervō, -ere, fervī (jünger fervēre) `sieden, wallen, kochen, brausen, glühen'; dēfrutum / -ū- `der eingekochte Most, Mostsaft'

Celtic: *berw- > MIr berbaim `koche, siede, schmelze'; Cymr berwi `sieden, wallen', Bret birvi, ptc. bervet `sieden, wallen', bero, berv `gekocht'; *brut- > OIr bruth `Glut, Wut', MIr bruith `kochen', embruthe `Fleischbrühe'; OCymr brut `animus', Cymr brwd `heiss', brydio `fervere', OCorn bredion `coctio', OBret brot `zelotypiae', Bret broud `heiss, gährend'

Russ. meaning: бурлить, кипеть

References: WP II 167 f

Comments: Cf. *bhAur-

Proto-IE: *bh[e]s[a]-, *bhsā-

Meaning: to peel, gnaw

Old Indian: bábhasti 'to chew, masticate'; psā́ti 'to chew, swallow, devour'

Old Greek: inf. psǟ̂n, 3 sg. ind. psǟ̂i̯, ptc. med. psṓmeno-, aor. psǟ̂sai̯, psǟ́sasthai̯, pass. psǟthḗnai̯, pf. épsǟsmai̯ 'reiben, schaben, kratzen, streichen, wischen'; apó-, perí-psǟma 'das Abgekratze, Unrat, Schmutz', pará- psǟsi-s; psǟnó- 'kahl(köpfig)', psǟró- = ksērós (Simon.)

Baltic: ? *sā̂r-ā̂ f. (1)

Russ. meaning: обдирать, обгрызать

Proto-IE: *bheudh-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to perceive adequately, to be awake

Old Indian: bódhati, búdhyate, aor. budhánta, pf. bubodha, ptc. buddhá- `to wake, observe, perceive'; buddhi- f. `intelligence, reason'; boddhar- m. `one who perceives or comprehends'

Avestan: baoδaite `nimmt wahr, wird gewahr, wird inne', paiti-busti- f. `das Bemerken', buiδyeiti `wird gewahr', baoδah- n. `Wahrnehmung, Wahrnehmungsvermögen', adj. `wahrnehmend'; zaēna-budra- `eifrig wachend'; baoiδi- `Wohlgeruch'

Old Greek: pünthánomai̯, péu̯thomai̯, ft. péu̯somai̯, aor. epüthómǟn, opt. hom. pepǘthoi̯to, pf. p. pépüsmai̯, va. püstó- `erfahren, vernehmen, sich erkundigen, erfragen, erforschen', act. péu̯thō, aor. pêu̯sai̯ `kundtun, von Gericht laden'; pǘsti-s f. `das Fragen, Nachforschu ng, Kunde', pǘsma n. `Frage, Ausfragung', peu̯thṓ `Kunde, Nachricht', pêu̯si-s f. `Erkundigung', peu̯thḗn, -ē̂nos m. `Späher'

Slavic: *bljūstī, *bljūdǭ; *būdī́dī; *bъdrъ; *bъdētī, *bъdjǭ

Baltic: *baũd- vb. tr., *baũd-ā̂ f., *bud-ē̂- (*buñd-a-) vb. intr., *bud- vb. intr., *baũd-ī̂- vb.

Germanic: *biud-a- vb.; *bud-a- n., *bud-an- m.; *bū-s-n-i- c., *bud-il-a- m.

Celtic: *bud- etc. > OIr ro-bud `Verwandung'; buide `Zufriedenheit, Dank'; Cymr bodd `freier Wille, Zustimmung'; rhy-budd `Warnung', Corn both `Wille'

Russ. meaning: воспринимать адекватно, бодрствовать

References: WP II 147 f

Proto-IE: *bheug-

Meaning: to make use

Old Indian: bhuṅkté, bhunákti, bhuñjati `to enjoy, use, possess, consume'; bhoga- m. `enjoyment, eating'

Latin: fungor, -ī, fūnctus sum `geniessen, erleiden, überstehen; verwalten, vollbringen, leisten; gebrauchen, verwenden', dēfungī `durchmachen, zu Ende bringen, überstehen; sterben', perfungī `ganz geniessen, auskosten, überstehen, zu Ende verwalten'

Russ. meaning: пользоваться

References: WP II 145

Proto-IE: *bheuge-, *bhūgh[e]-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to run, to escape

Old Greek: phéu̯gō, phüŋgánō, ft. phéu̯ksomai̯, aor. phügẹ̄̂n, pf. a. pépheu̯ga, m. ptc. pephügmɛ́no-, va. phüktó- `fliehen, entfliehen, in die Verbannung gehen, auf der Flucht, verbannt sein, gerichtlich verfolgt werden', phǘga-de `in die Flucht', phǘgda, -dǟn `auf der Flucht', phǘzda f. `(wilde) Flucht, Panik', phügǟ́ f. `Flucht, Verbannung', pró-, prós-phüks `fliehend, schutzsuchend', phǘksi-s f. `Flucht, Rettung'

Baltic: *bū̂g- vb. intr., *baug-u- adj., *būg-n-a- adj.

Germanic: *būg-a- vb.

Latin: fugiō, -ere, fūgī, fugitūrus tr., intr. `fliehen, entfliehen, landesflüchtig werden; enteilen, vergehen; verschmähen, ablehnen', fugitāre `fliehen, meiden'; fuga f. `Flucht'

Russ. meaning: убегать

References: WP II 144

Proto-IE: *bheugh-

Meaning: to take away, to deliver (from)

Old Indian: bhujiṣya- `free, independent' (L.); Pali pari-bhuñjati `reinigt, kehrt aus', bhujissa- `freigelassen'

Avestan: baog- `lösen, retten', acc. būǰim `Reinigung', ązō-būǰ- `aus Not befreiend', baoxtar- `Befreier'

Other Iranian: MPers bōxtan `retten, erlösen'

Germanic: *baug-ia- vb.

Russ. meaning: убирать, избавлять

References: WP II 145

Proto-IE: *bhewǝs- ???

Meaning: colostrum

Old Indian: pīyū́ṣa- m. `milk of a cow during the first seven days after calving, biestings' [formally < pā- ~ pī-]

Germanic: *bius-t-a- m., *buz-d-ōn- f.

Russ. meaning: молозиво

References: WP II 114 f

Proto-IE: *bheyǝ-

Meaning: to beat, to hew

Avestan: byente 'sie bekämpfen, schlagen'

Armenian: bir `grosser Stock, Knüppel, Keule'

Old Greek: phitró-s m. `Baumstamm, Pflock, Klotz, Holzscheit'

Slavic: *bī́tī, *bьjǭ; *bojь; *bī́dlo, *bītvā, *bīčjь

Germanic: *bī́-ɵl-a- n., m., -ō- f.; *bī-dl-a- m.; *bi-ɵl-a- n.; *bi-ɵl-ō- vb.

Latin: perfinēs pl. acc. Fest. 205 `perfringās'

Celtic: *bī-, *bi- > Gaul bidubium `falcastrum'; OIr benim `schlage', ro-bī `schlug, schnitt', ro-bīth `wurde geschlagen', bīthe `perculsus', fo-bīth `weil'; biail `Beil'; bēimm `Sclag', MIr fidbae `falcastrum'; OCymr et-binam `lanio', dubeneticion `exsectis'; baheel `Beil', Cymr bidio `Bäume beschneiden', bid `Dortnecke', bodog `Hirschfänger'; bwyell, bwyall `Beil', Corn bom, pl. bommyn `Schlag', OBret inf. bitat (Gl.) `resecaret', MBret benaff `schneide'

Russ. meaning: бить, рубить

References: WP II 137

Proto-IE: *bhē̆dh-

Meaning: to oppress, to demand

Tokharian: B peti, A poto `verering'

Old Indian: bādhate `to press, force, repel', bā́dha- m. 'urging, impulse'

Slavic: *bēdā́ B

Baltic: *bad-a- c., *bē̃d-ā̂ f., *bād-u- adj., *bā̂d- vb. intr.

Germanic: *bid-ja- vb.; *bid-ō f.

Albanian: bint `buigen'

Russ. meaning: притеснять, требовать

Proto-IE: *bhēg(')h-

Meaning: to press, to compel

Tokharian: ? B pakwāre 'evil, bad' (Adams 353)

Germanic: *bēg-ia- vb., *bēg-a- vb., *bēg-ē- vb., *bēg-a- adj., *bēg-a- m., *bag-ō- vb.

Celtic: *bāg- > Gaul bagaudas `Guerillas eines Bauernkrieges in Gallien'; OIr bāgaim `ich kämpfe, rühme, prahle, drohe', bāg f. `Kampf'; Cymr beio `tadeln', bai `Fehler'

Russ. meaning: теснить, принуждать

References: WP II 130 f

Proto-IE: *bhēs-

Meaning: a k. of bird of prey

Old Indian: bhāsa- m. `a bird of prey, vulture'

Old Greek: phẹ̄́nǟ f. N. einer grossen Raubvogels, `Lämmergeier ?'

Russ. meaning: птица (крупная хищная)

References: WP II 135

Proto-IE: *bhidh-

Meaning: a k. of vessel

Old Greek: pítho-s m. `grosses, oben offenes, meist irdenes Gefäss zur Aufbewahrung des Weines etc.'; phidáknǟ, -ís = pitháknē LS 1931

Germanic: *bid= (~ -ɵ-)

Latin: fidēlia `Gefäss aus Ton, Glas'; fiscus, -ī m. `geflochtener Korb; Geldkorb, Kasse'

Russ. meaning: сосуд

References: WP II 185

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