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Indo-European etymology : Search within this database Total of 3178 records 159 pages
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Proto-IE: *bhodh- / *bhedh-
Meaning: to dig
Hittite: {peta- `to dig' - source?}
Old Greek: bóthro-s, bóthǖno-s m. `Loch, Grube, Graben, Vertiefung'
Latin: fodiō, -ere, fōdī, fossum `graben', fossa f. `Graben'
Celtic: *bed- > Cymr bedd `Grab', Corn beth `Grab', Bret béz `Grab'
Russ. meaning: рыть яму
References: WP II 188
Comments: Usually compared also with Slav. *bostī, *bodātī 'to butt' and the correspondent Balt. forms, but semantics is difficult.
Proto-IE: *bhodhw-
Meaning: battle
Celtic: *bodw- > Gaul Ate-boduus, Boduo-gnatus EN; OIr bodb `Schlachtgöttin in Gestalt einer Krähe'; MIr Bodb, Badb `Schlachtkrähe'
Russ. meaning: битва
Proto-IE: *bhog-
Meaning: brook, stream
Celtic: *boglā, *bogrā > MIr būal `fliessendes Wasser', būar `flux, diarrhoea'
Russ. meaning: ручей, поток
Proto-IE: *bhok'-
Meaning: flame
Armenian: bosor `rot', boch `Flamme' (< *bhok'so-)
Latin: focus, -ī m. `Feuerstätte, Herd'
Russ. meaning: пламя
Proto-IE: *bholg'h-
Meaning: leathern bag, pillow, mattress; paunch
Old Indian: barhís- n. `sacrificial grass, a bed or layer of Kuṣa grass, usually strewed over the sacrificial ground to serve as a sacred surface on which to present the oblations, and as a seat for the gods and the sacrificers'; upa-bárhaṇa- n., upa-bárhaṇī f. `a cushion, pillow'
Avestan: barǝziš- n. 'Polster, Kissen'
Other Iranian: NPers bāliš 'Kissen'
Celtic: Gaul bulga `Ledersack' ( > OHG bulga lederner Wasserbehälter); Ir bolg `Sack', Ir bolg `Bauch, Sack, Hülse'; Cymr bol, bola, boly `Bauch', Bret bolc'h `cosse de lin'
Russ. meaning: кожаный мешок; подушка, матрац; пузо
Proto-IE: *bholn-
Meaning: bubble
Latin: follis, -is m. `lederner Schlauch; Windball, Ballon; Blasebalg; Geldbeutel; Urinblase, Hodnnsack, Hülse'
Russ. meaning: пузырь
References: WP II 178
Proto-IE: *bhol-; *bhlē-dh-; *bhlō(w)-
Meaning: leaf; (to) flower
Tokharian: A pält, B pilta (PT *pältā) 'leaf, petal' (Adams 388)
Old Greek: phǘllo-n n. `Blatt'; blastánō, aor. blastẹ̄̂n `keimen, sprossen', blastó-s m. `Keim, Spross, Stengel', blástǟ f. `id.; Ursprung, Geburt'
Latin: folium, -ī n. `Blatt (der Pflanze)'; flōs, -ōris m. `Blume, Blüte, Blütezeit; das Beste bzw. Oberste einer Sache; Jungfräulichkeit, Jugendkraft'; Flōra f.
Other Italic: Osk Fluusaí `Florae', Fiuusasiaís (i für l ?) `Florabilis', Sabin Flusare `Florali'
Celtic: *beli̯o-m: Gael bile `Blättchen, Blüte'; *blāt- > MIr blāth `Blüte, Blume'; Cymr blawd `Blüte', OCorn blodon `Blüte', MBret bleuzven `Blüte', Bret bleuñ(v)enn `Blüte'
Russ. meaning: лист; цветок, цвеcти
Proto-IE: *bhong-
Meaning: to break, to beat
Old Indian: bhanakti, pf. babháñja `to break, shatter'; bhaṅgá- m. `breaking, splitting, a break or breach'
Celtic: *bong- > OIr bong- `brechen, ernten; siegen', con-boing `confringit'; boimm `Bissen'; Corn bong `Axt, Beil'
Russ. meaning: ломать, бить
Proto-IE: *bhor-
Meaning: to bore
Armenian: getna-, erkra-, hoɫa-bir `den Boden aufgrabend, durchwühlend', brem `grabe auf, höhle aus, bohre auf', bričh `Hacke', bah, gen. -i (*bhrti-) `Spaten'; bor, gen. -oy `Schorf'
Latin: forāre `bohren, durchbohren', forātum, forāmen n. `Loch'
Russ. meaning: бурить, сверлить
References: WP II 159 f
Proto-IE: *bhorg[ʷ]-
Meaning: sharp, prickly; a k. of fish with prickly fins
Armenian: bark `heftig, zornig; herb, bitter, scharf von Geschmack'
Old Greek: phágro-s m. N. eines Fisches, `Seebrasen, Pagrus vulgaris ?'
Celtic: OIr borb, borp `töricht', Ir borb `Barsch'
Russ. meaning: резкий, колючий; рыба с колючими "перьями"
Proto-IE: *bhorm-, *morm-
Meaning: fear, terrible ghost
Old Greek: mormṓ, gen. -ọ̄̂s, att. -ónos f. `Popanz, Schreckgespenst'; mórmoros = phóbos Hsch.; mǘrmos = phóbos Hsch., mórmē = khalepḗ, ekplēktikḗ Hsch.
Latin: formīdō, -inis f. `Gespenst, Vogelscheuche; Grausen, peinigende Furcht, Schrecken'
Russ. meaning: страх, страх божий
Proto-IE: *bhos-
Meaning: bare, barefooted
Armenian: bok (< *bhosogo-) `barfuss'
Russ. meaning: босой
Proto-IE: *bhoukʷ-
Meaning: bee, drone, gad-fly
Latin: fūcus, -ī m. `Brutbiene, Drohne'
Russ. meaning: насекомое (пчела, трутень, слепень)
Proto-IE: *bhow-/-a-
Meaning: cave, burrow
Old Indian: bhūka- m., n. `hole' (L.)
Armenian: bovkh `χωνευπήριον, furnace, small forge, mine'
Latin: fovea, -ae f. `Grube; Fallgrube für das Wild; Tierhöhle'; ? pl. favi(s)sae `locum sīc apellābat in quō erat aqua inclūsa circā templa; sunt autem quī putant favisās esse in Capitōliō cellīs cisternīsque similēs, ubī repōnī erant solita ea quae in templō vetustāte erant facta inūtilia'; faux, pl. faucēs, gen. -ium f. `der obere Teil des Schlundes, Luftröhre, Kehlkopf, Kehle'
Russ. meaning: пещера, нора
Proto-IE: *bhoyǝ-
Meaning: to frighten, to be afraid
Old Indian: bibhéti, bháyate, ptc. bhiyāná-, bhītá- `to fear, be afraid of'; bhī- f., bhīti- f. `fear', bhīmá- `fearful, terrific', bhīrú- `fearful, timid'; ? bhā́ma- m. `passion, wrath, anger'
Avestan: bayente, byente `sie setzen in Furcht'
Other Iranian: NPers bāk `Furcht', bīm `id.'
Old Greek: ? píthǟko-s m. `Affe'; píthōn, -ōnos m. `kleiner Affe'
Baltic: *bī̂- (1) vb. tr., *bij-ā̂- vb., *baj-u- adj., *baî-d-ī̂- vb. (1?), *baĩ-d-a- c., *baî-d-ā̂ (1) f., *bai-s-ā̂ f., *baĩ-s-a- c., *baî-l-iā̃ (2) f., -a- c., *baî-l-a adj., *baî-l-u- (2) adj., *baî-m-iā̃ (2) f. Latin: foedus, -a `hässlich, scheussl;ich, widerwärtig, grässlich; schändlich'
Russ. meaning: пугать, бояться
Proto-IE: *bhozdh-
Meaning: penis
Old Greek: pósthǟ f. `das männliche Glied; Vorhaut'
Celtic: OIr bot, Ir bod `penis'
Russ. meaning: penis
References: WP II 68 f
Comments: Differently in Pok.
Proto-IE: *bhōg-
Meaning: to roast, to bake
Old Greek: phṓgō, phṓgnütai̯, aor. éphōksa, éphōsa, p. ephṓkhthēn, va. phōktó- `rösten, braten', phṓgano -n n. `Gefäss zum Rösten der Gerste', phō̂ksi-s f. `das Rösten', pl. phō̂ktai̯ f. `geröstete Gerstenkörner'
Russ. meaning: жарить, печь
Proto-IE: *bhō, bhē; a(m)-bhō, a(m)-bhē
Meaning: both
Tokharian: A āmpi, ampe, B ant-api, āntpi `beide' (Adams 14) (PT *āntäp(ä)i)
Old Indian: ubhā́u, f. ubhé `both'
Avestan: uwa, f. ubē `beide'
Old Greek: ámphō, gen.-dat. amphôi̯n `beide'
Slavic: *obā, *obē
Latin: ambō, -ae, -ō `beide'
Russ. meaning: оба
Comments: The same root probably in *am-bh- 'around'.
Proto-IE: *bhōur-
Meaning: thief
Old Greek: phṓr, -rós m. `Dieb', phōráō `spüre dem Dieb nach', phōrā́ = klopǟ́ Hsch.
Latin: fūr, -is m. `Dieb'
Russ. meaning: вор
References: WP II 153 f
Proto-IE: *bhōw-
Meaning: strong, numerous, swelling etc.
Old Indian: bhū́ri- `many, abundant, great, mighty', comp. bhū́yas-, bhávīyas-, sup. bhūyiṣṭha-
Avestan: būiri- 'reichlich, völlig, vollkommen', comp.-adv. baiyō 'länger, auf länger als', sup. bōištǝm 'plurimum'
Armenian: boil, pl. gen. builch `Schar, Menge, Herde'
Old Greek: pl. phōíd-es, phoíd-es, phō̂i̯d-es f. `Brandblasen'; *phóo-n : tà phóa = eksanthḗmata Hsch.
Celtic: OIr bolach `papula'
Russ. meaning: сильный, многочисленный etc.
References: WP II 114 f
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Total of 3178 records 159 pages
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