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Kartvelian etymology :

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Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣlia-
Nostratic: Nostratic
Russian meaning: подмышка
English meaning: armpit
Georgian: i-ɣlia (Old Georg. ɣlia)
Megrel: rɣia, ɣia
Svan: ɣlia (perhaps < Georg.; cf. ɣuläj, ɣulä 'knee')
Laz: (?) ɣala-ǯiǯ-
Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 204, EWK 392. Не исключена связь с алт. *ŋala 'рука', ПИЕ *el(ǝ)-.
Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣob-
Nostratic: Nostratic
Russian meaning: плести
English meaning: to plait
Georgian: ɣob- 'to block', ɣobe 'hedge'
Megrel: ɣob- 'to plait', ɣober- 'hedge'
Svan: ɣob, ɣweb
Svan meaning (Rus.): улей
Svan meaning (Eng.): bee-hive
Laz: ɣob- 'to plait', ɣober- 'hedge'
Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 205, EWK 393. Ср. ПИЕ *(H)webh- 'ткать, плести' (сравнение см. Климов 1994, 72-74, однако предположение о заимствовании совершенно не обязательно; слово может представлять и исконный ностратический фонд).
Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣoč̣-
Russian meaning: обрывать, мять
English meaning: to tear, crumple
Georgian: ɣoč̣-
Megrel: ɣuč̣-
Notes and references: EWK 395-396.
Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣoɣ-
Russian meaning: скитаться без дела
English meaning: to wander aimlessly
Georgian: ɣoɣ-
Svan: ɣoɣ-
Notes and references: EWK 395.
Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣolo
Russian meaning: щавель конский
English meaning: sorrel
Notes and references: F-7
Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣom-
Russian meaning: гоми (вид проса)
English meaning: gomi (a k. of millet)
Georgian: ɣom-
Megrel: ɣumu
Laz: ɣom(u)
Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 205, EWK 393-394.
Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣor-
Nostratic: Nostratic
Russian meaning: обманывать
English meaning: to deceive
Georgian: ɣor-
Megrel: ɣor-
Svan: ɣr-
Laz: ɣor-, ɣer-
Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 205-206, EWK 394. Ср. ПИЕ *(H)wel- 'обманывать' (IEW 1140), алт. *iolo 'б. глупым'.
Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣor-
Russian meaning: свинья
English meaning: pig
Georgian: ɣor-
Megrel: ɣeǯ-
Laz: ɣeǯ-
Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 295, EWK 394-395. Долгопольский (...) сопоставляет с ПИЕ *H(w)epro- 'вепрь, кабан' (предполагая упрощение *-ṗr- > -r- в картв.). С другой стороны, интересно предположение Климова (1994, 150-151) о заимствовании из диалектного ПИЕ *ǵhor(io)- 'свинья, поросенок'.
Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣorǯ-
Russian meaning: бычок (название рыбы)
English meaning: goby
Georgian: ɣorǯo
Laz: ɣo(r)ʒgo
Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 206, EWK 395. [Проверить осетра].
Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣr-
Russian meaning: вянуть, блекнуть
English meaning: to wither, fade
Georgian: ɣr-
Svan: mǟ-ɣr-a
Svan meaning (Rus.): засохшее дерево
Svan meaning (Eng.): withered tree
Notes and references: EWK 396.
Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣramt- (*ɣermat-)
Russian meaning: бог
English meaning: God
Georgian: ɣmert-
Megrel: ɣoront-
Svan: ɣērbet-, ɣermet-
Laz: ɣormot-
Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 202, EWK 396. ? ПИЕ *n-mrto- (или индо-иран. *amrta-).
Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣrč̣-
Russian meaning: скрежетать (зубами)
English meaning: to gnash the teeth
Georgian: ɣrč̣(in)-
Megrel: ɣirc̣ḳ(in)-, ɣǝrc̣ḳ(in)-
Svan: ɣǝlc̣ḳ(ǝn)-
Laz: ɣric̣ḳ(in)-
Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 207, EWK 400.
Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣreḳ- / ɣriḳ-
Nostratic: Nostratic
Russian meaning: изгибаться, извиваться
English meaning: to bend, twist
Georgian: ɣreḳ-
Megrel: ɣiraḳ-, ɣir(i)ḳ-
Svan: ɣwreḳ-
Svan meaning (Rus.): наматывать(ся)
Svan meaning (Eng.): to wind around
Laz: ɣriḳ-, ɣliḳ-, ɣweliḳ-
Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 206, EWK 397. В ОСНЯ 1, 240 сравнивается с ПИЕ *(H)arkʷ- 'изогнутый', с реконструкцией ностр. *Garḳu.
Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣren-/ɣrin-
Russian meaning: рычать, ворчать
English meaning: to growl, roar
Georgian: ɣren-, ɣrin-
Megrel: ɣirin-, ɣǝrin-
Laz: ɣirin, ɣiin-
Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 206, EWK 397.
Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣreǯ- / ɣriǯ-
Russian meaning: кривить (лицо), скалиться; десна
English meaning: to twirl (face), to grin; gums
Georgian: ɣreǯ-, ɣriǯ- 'to grin', ɣrʒ-il- 'gums'
Megrel: ɣranǯ-, ɣinǯg-in- 'to grin', ǯirgil- 'gums'
Laz: ɣinǯgil-
Laz meaning (Rus.): десна, жало пчелы
Laz meaning (Eng.): gums; bee sting
Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 206, 207, EWK 398, 401.
Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣrɣad-
Nostratic: Nostratic
Russian meaning: гусь
English meaning: goose
Georgian: Old Georg. ɣrɣed-, ɣerɣed-, ɣerɣeṭ-
Megrel: ɣorɣonǯ-
Svan: ɣarɣād-
Laz: ɣorɣoǯ-
Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 201, EWK 400. Возможно, СК происхождения (ср. ПСК *q̇_ǝ̄rǝ̄q̇wV 'журавль', NCED 914-915; формы с ʁ засвидетельствованы в нахских языках: ПН *ʁarVʁurV / -lV).
Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣrma-
Russian meaning: глубокий
English meaning: deep
Georgian: ɣrma-
Megrel: eno-rɣoma
Megrel meaning (Rus.): углубленный
Megrel meaning (Eng.): made deep
Laz: ɣorma-
Laz meaning (Rus.): отверстие, дыра
Laz meaning (Eng.): hole
Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 207, EWK 398. Климов (1994, 152-154) выводит основу из ПИЕ *rugh-men- 'яма, ров' (греч. órygma). Альтернативной возможностью (и без необходимости предполагать метатезу) было бы выведение из ПИЕ *wer-m(en) (с развитием w- > ɣ-, как в *ɣwino-), к которому, в частности, восходит осет. wärm 'яма' (откуда уже в более позднюю эпоху - груз. ormo 'яма'), см. Абаев 1989, 95.
Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣrṭil- (*xrṭil-)
Russian meaning: хрящ
English meaning: cartilage
Georgian: ɣrṭil-, xrṭil-
Megrel: xinṭḳir-, xǝnṭḳir-
Notes and references: EWK 398. ?? Лат. cartilago.
Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣrub-
Nostratic: Nostratic
English meaning: cloud
Georgian: ɣrubel-
Megrel: ɣrubel-
Notes and references: Chx. 1652, DCh. 1567, ND 744.
Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣruṭ-
Russian meaning: хрюкать
English meaning: to grunt
Georgian: ɣruṭ-un-
Megrel: ɣvinṭ-
Megrel meaning (Rus.): визжать (ср. еще (n)dɣur- 'хрюкать')
Megrel meaning (Eng.): to squeal (cf. also (n)dɣur- 'to grunt')
Svan: (ž)ɣurṭ-ǝn-
Laz: ɣruṭ-un-, xruṭ-un-
Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 207, EWK 399. В [Климов 1994, 154-155] обращается внимание на сходство с диалектным ПИЕ *grund- 'хрюкать'.
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Total of 1310 records 66 pages

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Back: 1 20
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