арабский:ʔumm-at- 'assemblée, foule, multitude; famille; people, nation' [BK 1 52], ʔmm 'se diriger, tendre vers un lieu; marcher en tête; prescrire, ordonner en sa qualité de chef' [ibid.]
эпиграфические южноаравийские языки: SAB ʔmm 'to obey, be led' [SD 6], ʔm-t 'bondwoman, female vassal' [ibid. 5]
тигре:ʔammät 'people, tribe' [LH 355] (hardly an arabism because of different vocalism)
мехри:ʔámma 'many people' [JM 5] (rather <ARB ʕamm- or ʔummat-)
мандейский арамейский:(?) hana 'privy parts', also 'lap, loins, embrace' [DM 124].
One cannot be sure whether this is derived from *ḥann- or should be interpreted in the same way as the JUD example below
арабский:ḥann-at- 'femme, épouse' [BK 1 499].
A semantic shift well attested in SEM (cf. Introduction) and elsewhere
тигре:ḥǝnot 'foetus' [LH 85], ḥannä 'to be with child' [ibid. 84]; cf. ḥante 'lap, the lower parts' [ibid. 83] (<*ḥan-t-ay)
NOTES:Scarcely attested and semantically diverse, though supported by AFRASIAN data.
Note that ARM: JUD ḥēnā 'lap, bosom' [Ja 481] is rather from *ḥayn- <*ḥaʔn- <*ḥaʕn- <*ḥaṣ̂n- {} *ḥaĉ̣n- (No. ). The same process seems to be assumed in [Brock 242] and [DM 124] for the respective SYR and MND forms, which at least for SYR is rather doubtful in view of the gemination of -n- and the -a- vocalism of the base.
Note a meaning shift. Cf. also šāḳūl- 'verge, pénis' [ibid. 1255], with š- instead of the expected s- (<*ŝ- <*s influenced by -l?) if related; the meaning shift 'thigh' > 'penis' is a current one
тигре:č̣ǝnḳǝlit 'coude' [LH 627, apud d'Abbadie].
сокотри:suḳal 'pied' [LS 290] (cf. also [SSL LS 1470])
NOTES:Probably related with suffixed *-l to *šāḳ- {} *sāḳ- 'thigh, leg', No. .
Scarce attestation in Southern SEM area only; the ETH data questionable phonetically. The SOQ example, however, is well compatible with the ARB one, as it cannot be Arabism for semantic reasons.
Cf. ARB forms with ṣ- assimilated to -ḳ and a similar proces in TGR and ZWY (č̣ < *ṣ < *s-).
аккадский:uplu 'Kopflaus' OB on [AHw. 1432]. The only OB attestation seems to come from the lexical list Diri (JCS 7 28 III 3 ú-uḫUH_.UH_ = up-lum/lu; a denominative verb uppulum 'lausen' is known from the same list). According to von Soden, another OB example is AbB 5 198:14 (ṣuḫārû ina uplim lā imuttū 'may the servants not die because of the lice!') However, this passage was convincingly reinterpreted in [Stol] (ublum 'drought' < abālu 'to be dry').
иудейский арамейский:palyā, palyā bēʔārī 'name of a locust on palm-trees' [Ja. 1181] (pālǝyā according to [Levy WTM IV 52]), plyyt ḥywwyyh 'speckled beetle' [Sok. 436].
арабский:fāliyat- 'sorte d'insecte semblable au scarabée marqué de taches noires et blanches qui accompagne ou précède ordinairement les scorpions ou les vipère' [BK 2 635], [LA 15 164] (only in fāliyatu l-ʔafāʕī: ḫunfasāʔu raḳṣāʔu ḍaḫmatun takūnu ʕinda l-ǯiḥarati ???).
NOTES:Obviously related is the verbal root *ply 'to delouse' (Hbr. pB. pālā 'to search one's garments for vermin' [Ja. 1181], Jud. pallē 'to search (garments)' [ibid.], Syr. pǝlā 'purgavit pediculis', pa. 'pediculos undique collegit' [Brock. 569], Arb. fly 'chercher des poux' [BK 2 635], Mhr. fǝlō 'to delouse' [JM 95], Hrs. felō id. [JH 33], Jib. félé id. [JJ 58]). Сf. also Amh. fälla 'to pululate, swarm (insects, ants)' [K 2260], found in particular in the expression ḳǝmal fälabät 'to be swarming with lice' (according to Kane, a secondary semantic development from the main meaning of fälla, namely 'to boil, to ferment'), fälfäl 'swarm of termites which leave the mound at the onset of the rainy season' [ibid. 2272] (according to Kane, derived from a verbal root meaing 'to hatch (locusts)'). Possible WS parallels for Akk. uplu were extensively discussed in [Landsberger Fauna 127] with the following conclusion: "Diese Verba hat schon Delitzsch ... verglichen; er meinte aber, man könne sie mit uplu nicht kombinieren, da in Aram. und Arab. für diese Verba die Bedeutung "untersuchen" primär, "lausen" sekundär wäre. Dies trifft nicht zu, wir haben vielmehr sowohl die akkadischen als die aramäisch-arabischen Verba aus eine zweiradikalige Wurzel pl, etwa "Läuse bekommen" zurückzuführen. Dagegen hat uplu direkt keinen Zusammenhang mit dem aramäisch-arabischen Tiernamen "Lauserin der Schlange"). In our opinion, a term for louse can hardly be derived from a verbal root meaning 'to get louse' whereas a reverse development seems more than natural (cf. Akk. uppulu). As for the Arm. and Arb. insect names, their interpretation as secondary deverbal derivates ("one-whodelouses(-snakes)") proposed e.g. in [Levy WTM IV 52] and supported by Landsberger is not unlikely, though a popular reinterpretation of original faunal terms is also quite conceivable. [DRS 585]: Akk., Arb. (fly 'faire la chasse aux poux')
арабский:firfir-, furfur-, furfūr- 'sorte de petit oiseau aquatique' [BK 2 582], [LA V 53], [Fr. III 339], furfūr- 'passer' [Fr. III 340], farra 'caille' [Dozy II 246], furrī 'nom d'un petit oiseau bon à manger' [ibid.].
амхарский:abʷar 'tree like the warka' (Kane 1990, 1194; considered by Leslau in LGur. 9 a loan of Or. habru, abru, harbū 'sycamore', which is less likely in view of the cognate Arb. term; warka means 'sycamore' Kane 1990, 1508)
восточноэфиопские:Wol. abro 'k. of tree' (LGur. 9; compared by Leslau, with hesitations, to Amh. abʷar)
аккадский:aburru 'rear, back (of a house or field); field or pasture by the city wall' OB on (CAD a1, 90; in AHw, 9 'Flüsswiese'; <*ʔaburr-, with prefixed ʔ-)
MEANING:a (measured) plot of open country, cultivated land
аккадский:šadû 'open country, steppeland' OAkk. on (CAD š1, 49; the omonymous šadû 'mountain, mountain region' Ibid., together with Ugr. šd 'monte' DLU, 431 and Arb. sadd- 'montagne' BK 1, 1068, makes a different Sem. root *šadd/w- 'mountain' < Afras. *sad-), šiddu '(long) side of a piece of immovable property; a measure of length or area (incl. a road)' OAkk. on, 'real estate grants and sales' MB on (CAD š2, 403-5; AHw, 1230)
угаритский:šd 'una franja, un largo de terreno, bancal; yugada/acre'; campo abierto, campiña; campo, terreno, parcela, finca, explotacion agrícola; estepa' (DLU, 431, 433)
сирийский арамейский:saddā 'sulcus; spatium sulci i.e. 400 ulnarum' (Brock., 460)
мандейский арамейский:sadia 'field, open space, plain, desert' (DM, 310)
эпиграфические южноаравийские языки:Sab. 'mountain or cultivated land?' (SD, 131; the correct meaning must be 'cultivated land', as the similar-looking Sem. root for 'mountain', *šadd/w- above has another sibilant in the Anlaut yielding Sab. s1)
тигре:sǝd 'distance, frontier' (LH, 197)
амхарский:säd(d)a 'place having no fence, hedge or wall' (Kane 1990, 574)
