Sino-Caucasian etymology : Query result

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *xVnV (? *HVnV)

Meaning: nose

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

Sino-Tibetan: *na (s-)

Yenisseian: *xa(ʔ)ŋ

Comments and references : HGC 21.

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *xwamV / *xwamxwV

Meaning: foam, liquid

North Caucasian: *xwamV / *xwamxwV

Basque: *hag^(w)une ~ *gahune

Comments and references : The Bsq words could go back to an archaic PSC variant such as *xa(m)xúmV.Etymological comparison suggested by John Bengtson.

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *xwɨ̆mc̣_wɨ̄

Meaning: dirt; dew

North Caucasian: *xwɨ̆mc̣_wɨ̄ (~-ĕ-,-ǝ̆)

Basque: *i=hunc

Comments and references : BCD 13.

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *xwɨ̄́ʔrV

Meaning: vein

North Caucasian: *x_wɨ̄ʔrV

Sino-Tibetan: *Kiw (r-)

Burushaski: *hur ?

Basque: *her̄o

Comments and references : WFR 15.

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *xwōlɦV́

Meaning: body, bosom, side

North Caucasian: *xwōlɦV

Sino-Tibetan: *law (~ -ɨw, -iw; k-)

Burushaski: *hā́lmun

Basque: *lohi

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *xwVwɨ

Meaning: grave, tomb

North Caucasian: *fiwɨ ( ~ -b-,-o)

Basque: *hobi

Comments and references : Reconstruction of the predecessor of the rare PNC phoneme *f and Bsq *h is still uncertain. Etymological comparison suggested by John Bengtson.

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *x_wVmV

Meaning: to teach, understand

North Caucasian: *=Hīmx_wV

Sino-Tibetan: *K(j)u(a)m

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *χ[ǝ]lV

Meaning: sheep

North Caucasian: *χ_[ǝ]rV (~ *-l-)

Basque: *a=hali

Comments and references : Etymological comparison suggested by John Bengtson.

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *χǝ̄́nḳī

Meaning: a k. of meat dish

North Caucasian: *χɨ̄nḳ_ī

Sino-Tibetan: *χăŋ

Comments and references : LV Cb7.

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *χHĕrχV

Meaning: stone

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

North Caucasian: *χHĕrχV

Basque: *har̄i

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *χH[o]ntV̆́

Meaning: belly

North Caucasian: *χHontV (~*χ_-,-ɨ̄-)

Sino-Tibetan: *Qʷ(r)ɨ̆t (~ -ǝ̆-)

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *χHVrć̣V́

Meaning: a k. of small carnivore

North Caucasian: *χHVr[ć̣]V

Yenisseian: *χa(ʔ)s (~k-)

Basque: *harc, *hars-kone

Comments and references : BCD 18.

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *χHwĭ́je

Meaning: dog

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

North Caucasian: *χ_Hwĕje

Sino-Tibetan: *qhʷīj ( / *qhʷī-n)

Yenisseian: *ʔɨʔɨ-n (~x-,-G-,-χ-)

Burushaski: *hu-k (? with an old dimin. suffix?)

Basque: *hor

Comments and references : HGC 18, NSC 57 *χwEjV.

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *χɨnχwV́

Meaning: young animal, child

North Caucasian: *χɨnχwV

Basque: *hau-r̄

Comments and references : Bsq *hau-r̄ is parallel in form with Chechen-Ingush χowχa-r 'lamb', i.e. both have a fossilized plural *-r suffix, common in Bsq and EC languages. The PSC form was possibly *χɨmχV́, with metathesis of labial in PEC *χɨnχwV, since *χɨmχV́ would be more consistent with Bsq phonetic development (PSC *-m- in clusters disappears in Bsq). Etymological comparison suggested by John Bengtson.

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *χ(k)alʡV́ ( ~ -ɫ-)

Meaning: kinsman

North Caucasian: *χalʡV ( / *ʡVχalV; ~ -ɫ-)

Burushaski: *húlVs

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *χ(k)ŭńɦV́

Meaning: beads

North Caucasian: *mɦŏχV (/*χŏmɦV)

Yenisseian: *qoń (~χ-)

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *χṓnV

Meaning: trap, net

North Caucasian: *χ_ōnV̆

Sino-Tibetan: *χānH ( ~ -ɫH)

Yenisseian: *ʔuʔun (~x-,-G-,-χ-)

Comments and references : WFR 51. Length in ST rather points to *-V̄ which contradicts PEC *-V̆; the latter, however, is only reconstructed on the basis of Av. Gen. hínal which may alternatively represent paradigm A (not C) and thus point to PEC *χ_HōnV or *χ_ōHnV.

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *χqVHV́

Meaning: lord, prince

North Caucasian: PWC *χ́ǝ 'prince'

Sino-Tibetan: *qhǝ̄wH

Yenisseian: *χɨji

Comments and references : HGC 27.

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *χqwērhV́

Meaning: horn

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

North Caucasian: *qwīrhV (~-ǟ-,-l-)

Sino-Tibetan: *rua (k-,-k)

Yenisseian: *χɔʔ

Basque: *gar-/*gar̄-

Comments and references : HGC 20, NSC 57 *qwVrHV. PY -ʔ here is probably a result of dissimilation: *χɔʔ < *χɔχ < *χɔr (?)

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *χǖɫV

Meaning: stalk, stem

North Caucasian: *χǖɫV ( ~ χ_-)

Basque: *(H)aiɫa

Comments and references : Etymological comparison suggested by John Bengtson.