Sino-Caucasian etymology : Query result

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *HV́xGV

Meaning: twenty

North Caucasian: *G_ǝ̆

Comments and references : BCD 28. The PST form for 20 is *kul, which is rather difficult to derive from *HV́xGV. This form, however, could have been a merger with *kul 'all', and it is interesting to note an apparently archaic form: Lepcha kha '20', hardly derivable from *kul.

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *HV̄xkV́

Meaning: to fly

North Caucasian: *=HiχV

Yenisseian: *dōq-

Basque: *hega-

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *HVǯV

Meaning: to bend, curve

North Caucasian: *=HiǯĂ[m]

Yenisseian: *ʔuʔǯ ( ~ x-)

Comments and references : -ʔ- in PY irregular; on the whole, a rather dubious comparison.

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *HV̆ǯV́-

Meaning: to be ill

North Caucasian: *HV̆ǯVw-

Yenisseian: *ʔāʒ- (~x-,-ǯ-)

Burushaski: *ʒ́a-k

Comments and references : Confused with *ʔăʒV in HGC 36.

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *HVǯwV

Meaning: tree, trunk

North Caucasian: *Hă(r)ǯwī (~ -ē)

Yenisseian: *ǯiʔ

Basque: *haice

Comments and references : DCE..., BCD 19.

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *HVǯwV

Meaning: a k. of fruit

North Caucasian: *HV̄ǯwĔ

Sino-Tibetan: ? OC 棗 *cūʔ ( ~ *ć-) jujube (if separated from *cūH 'thorn')

Burushaski: *ʒ́u

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *HwắmpV

Meaning: glowing coals

North Caucasian: *HămpV

Sino-Tibetan: *ʔʷVm

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *hwărhwV́

Meaning: swarm (of insects)

North Caucasian: *hwărhwV

Sino-Tibetan: *r[ua]H

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *H(w)ǟlʒ́ĭ

Meaning: likeness, mark

North Caucasian: *ɦwǟlʒ́ĭ ( ~ -ĕ)

Basque: *anc(i) / *anco

Comments and references : There is a rather large semantic range, both within Bsq and NC, and between them. Between Bsq ‘appearance, likeness’ (> NC ‘mark, sign’) and ‘manner’ (> ‘skill, art’), cf. Span. forma ‘form, shape, manner’, Breton doare ‘way, manner; appearance’, and other examples. The common Bsq change of *lʒ́ > /nc/ is convergent with some NC forms, e.g. Andi anži 'mark', etc. Etymological comparison suggested by John Bengtson.

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *hwĕbē ( ~ -ɨ-)

Meaning: mound, swelling (?)

North Caucasian: *hwĕbē ( ~ -ɨ-)

Sino-Tibetan: *phŭH

Basque: *habe

Comments and references : Cf. perhaps PY *ʔabVL ( ~ x-, h-) 'stick, pole'; BCD 7.

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *hwēri

Meaning: shine

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

North Caucasian: *hwēri

Sino-Tibetan: *wăr (?)

Burushaski: *jā́ri

Basque: *ei=har̄ / *lei=hor̄

Comments and references : In PST cf. also *rē̆w(H) `heat, burn' (perhaps = *hwēri) (see *HVrV). [Cf. also ND *xah 'moon'].

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *hwēri-*Hwī́xq̇V

Meaning: sun

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

North Caucasian: *wirǝ̄q̇_Ă

Sino-Tibetan: *xruăk

Yenisseian: *xiGa

Burushaski: *duɣói

Basque: *argi-

Comments and references : HGC 22, LV A28. An old compound: see *=VhwV, *Hwīxq̇V.

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *hwĭʔnV

Meaning: blood

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

North Caucasian: *hwĕʔnV

Sino-Tibetan: *ʔʷīj (s-)

Basque: *hune

Comments and references : HGC 18, NSC 54 *HwEnHV, WFR 71, LDC 17, BCD 37.

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *Hwī́xq̇V

Meaning: day

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

North Caucasian: *Hwīq̇_V

Yenisseian: *xiʔ-G, *xi-Ga

Basque: *egu-

Comments and references : BCD 29.

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *hwnĕrq̇ŭ́

Meaning: meat, meat soup

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

North Caucasian: *hwnĕrq̇ŭ

Sino-Tibetan: *nŭk

Comments and references : LV A11. Cf. PAA *rVk 'fish paste', Old Jav. ʒruk 'pickled meat'.

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *HwVʔV́

Meaning: island; valley

North Caucasian: *HwVʔV

Yenisseian: *h[e]j-

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *hwVmVlĭ (~-ĕ)

Meaning: face

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

North Caucasian: *hwVmVlĭ (~-ĕ)

Sino-Tibetan: *meɫ

Comments and references : LV D8.

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *HwVrdV

Meaning: a k. of grass

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

North Caucasian: *HwVrdV

Sino-Tibetan: [*wāt]

Basque: *ɦardo

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *HwV́rƛ̣V

Meaning: nut, seed

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

North Caucasian: *ʔwǟrƛ̣_V ( ~ -ō-,-Ł-)

Sino-Tibetan: *lĭ

Basque: *hur̄

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *H[ʒ́]ĕ́mɨ̄

Meaning: butter, tasty food

North Caucasian: *Hʒ́_ĕmɨ̄ ( ~ -ū)

Sino-Tibetan: *ćim ( ~ ʒ́h-)

Burushaski: *ćham-

Basque: *sen-[-bera]