Sino-Tibetan etymology : Query result

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *Qam

Meaning: refrain, abstain

Burmese: amh to refrain, abstain.

Kachin: gam¹ to refrain, abstain.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *qālH

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: back, small of the back

Chinese: 荷 *g_ājʔ carry on the back.

Tibetan: khal burden, load, sgal load; the small of the back; the croup, crupper; cf. also khel, ãkhel (p. khel) to load upon, ãgel (p. bkal, f. dgal, i. khol) to load, to lay on a burden.

Kachin: (H) kan to put, or be on the back.

Lushai: ēl the part of the back behind the abdomen.

Comments: Tiddim xāl groin (?); Garo dźaŋ-gal back, PG *ko^L id. Cf. also Tib. gan-(r)kjal supine, lying on the back. Ben 18; Peiros-Starostin 216.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *qāt

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: cut, cleave

Chinese: 割 *kāt cut; destroy, destruction.

Tibetan: ãgas (p. gas) to be cleft or split (of rocks), to burst (of a bag), to crack, to break, ãges (p. bkas, f. dgas, i. khos) to split, cleave, divide.

Burmese: khat to strike by a side or back blow, to row (a boat), to beat out flat or thin, as metal.

Kachin: gat³ cut off.

Lushai: āt (aʔ) cut as with knife, KC *ɣāt.

Comments: Banpara hat; Midzhu gāt reap. Sh. 410, 428, 185.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *qēn

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: see, look, know

Chinese: 見 *kēns see, apprehend (cf. also gēns appear).

Tibetan: mkhjen to know, understand.

Lushai: en to look, look at, glance.

Comments: Cf. PAA *KVń 'think'.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *qǝ̆p

Meaning: give, supply

Chinese: 給 *kǝp furnish, supply, give.

Burmese: ap to commit, deliver, hand over.

Kachin: (H) ap to hand over ( < Burm.).

Lepcha: kjep to add to, to multiply, to extend, to enlarge, to magnify; gjap many

Kiranti: *kä́p ( ~ ʔk-)

Comments: Cf. also BG *gap- 'full', Aka guw, Yimchungli Naga khi id.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *QǝwH (~ -uH, -iwH)

Meaning: egg

Tibetan: sgo-ŋa egg, eggs, spawn.

Burmese: uʔ egg, LB *wuʔ.

Comments: STEDT 94-99 *wu (adding data from Naga, Qiang and Jinuo, but without Tib.). The Tib. form is attributedb in STEDT 111-113 to a separate root *s-go-ŋ which is, however, very scarcely represented and hardly exists).

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *qhăŋ

Meaning: strong

Chinese: 強 *ghaŋ strong (cf. also 行 *g_āŋ, *g_āŋs strong, vigorous).

Burmese: aŋ strength, force of any kind, whether of body, mind or wealth.

Kachin: (H) lǝgoŋ strength.

Lushai: aŋ will.

Comments: Cf. *kāŋ, *g(h)ăŋH.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *qhăr ( ~ Gh-)

Meaning: strong

Chinese: 健 *ghars strong.

Tibetan: gar-ba strong.

Burmese: an strength.

Comments: Burm. > Jnp. (Mat.) an² to be in full strength. Mat. 171; Coblin 142-143. Cf. *ghǝ̄r.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *qhā-

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: what, interrogative pronoun

Chinese: 何 *ghāj what, 曷 *ghāt what, where.

Tibetan: ga-ru whither, gaŋ who, which, ga-na, gaŋ-ŋa where.

Burmese: LB *kha- who

Lushai: ēŋ what.

Kiranti: *he

Comments: Coblin 160.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *q(h)ār

Meaning: feather

Chinese: 翰 *g_ārs pheasant feather; wing, to fly.

Lushai: ār fowl, KC *ɣār bird, feather.

Comments: Cf. Wancho ao-koi feather, Kham kǝ̄r wing; Apatani gó, Ersu guar 'fly'.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *q(h)ār (s-)

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: star

Tibetan: skar star.

Kachin: šǝgan¹ star.

Lushai: ār-śi star.

Lepcha: să-hór star

Kiranti: *ʔkar

Comments: Kanauri skar'; Mishing tă-kăr; Miri tǝkar; Trung gŭr¹-mĕt¹. Cf. also suffixed forms: Tib. gre a Nakṣatra, Burm. kraj star, LB *[kr]aj. Sh. 42, 125; Ben. 25; Mat. 164. A somewhat similar, but probably different root (*kăr ~ *găr) is reflected in OCh. 建 *kar name of a constellation (Sagittarius); Burm. kan name of a constellation (Virgin).

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *q(h)ǝ̄m

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: box, receptacle

Chinese: 函 *g_ǝ̄m envelop, contain, cuirass, box.

Tibetan: sgam chest, box, trunk.

Burmese: am desk drawer.

Lushai: ēm a generic name for several kinds of baskets.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *qhǝ̄wH

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: head

Chinese: 后 *ghōʔ sovereign, lord, queen.

Tibetan: mgo head; first place, principal part, ãgo officer, captain.

Burmese: uh head, beginning, LB *(s)ɣu.

Lushai: ? kô, KC *kô head.

Comments: Cf. also Tib. mgon principal, master; lord; BG: Garo sko, Dimasa sagau ; Digaro mkau ~ mku-ra. Sh. 50; Ben. 149. KC k- is quite irregular and suggests that there may be two roots: *k(h)ow(H) head and *qhōwH sovereign, principal - merging in some languages.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *qhia(k)

Meaning: red, black

Chinese: 赤 *khiak 'red'

Kachin: khje.33 'red'

Lushai: Mikir ik 'black'

Kiranti: *ké- (~χ-) 'black'

Comments: Cf. also Tani *kya, Rabha aka 'black'. Here probably also Gur. *k[a].2 'blood'.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *q(h)[ɨa]l

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: fight, scold, compete

Chinese: 苛 *g_āj to scold, blame, reprimand.

Tibetan: rgol-ba to dispute, combat, fight.

Lushai: el to emulate, rival, vie with, compete with.

Comments: Peiros-Starostin 217.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *qhɨāt

Meaning: damage

Chinese: 害 *ghāts to hurt; damage, harm.

Tibetan: god loss, damage; punishment.

Comments: Simon 18. Cf. perhaps some TB forms meaning 'kill': Sulung wat, Milang lu-at, Miji wai, Yogli aʒa-ut etc.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *qhō (r-)

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: rob, steal

Chinese: 寇 *khōs to rob, robber.

Tibetan: rku (p. (b)rkus, f. brku, i. rkus) to steal, to rob.

Burmese: khǝwh to steal, LB *khǝwx.

Kachin: lǝgu³ to steal.

Lushai: ru (rūk) to steal, to thieve, KC *m-r²-ɣuʔ.

Lepcha: kŭt-mo a thief, theft, ku mók theft

Kiranti: *khù(s)

Comments: Bodo kaw; Newari khu/; Moshang a-gu, Namsangia hu-; Rawang khü, Trung kǝ¹; Bahing ku. Sh. 407, 428; Ben. 21; Mat. 191; Peiros-Starostin 216.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *qhōŋ

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: hole

Chinese: 空 *khōŋ hollow, empty, *khōŋs empty space.

Tibetan: khuŋ hole, pit, hollow, cavity; khoŋ empty.

Burmese: ǝkhauŋh a cavity, hollow place, LB *khuŋx.

Kachin: khaʔ²-khoŋ², (H) khoŋ a ditch.

Lushai: ōŋ a hole, gap.

Comments: PG *khùŋ hole; BG: Garo koŋ; Kham kuN. Cf. also OCh. 穹 *khʷǝŋ hollow, hole. Simon 15; Sh. 44; Peiros-Starostin 213; Coblin 71. STEDT 273-278 *kuŋ.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *q(h)ual

Meaning: larva, chrysalis

Chinese: 螝 *g_ūj-s chrysalis of the silkworm.

Lushai: vual the larva and pupa especially of the cicada.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *q(h)uap

Meaning: care, caution

Tibetan: ãgab-pa to take care, to be cautious.

Lushai: uap take care of, look after.