Sino-Tibetan etymology : Query result

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *druaŋ

Meaning: middle, inside

Tibetan: gźuŋ the middle, midst.

Burmese: ǝtwaŋh the inside, inner part of a thing.

Lushai: čhūŋ inside.

Lepcha: tă-djŭŋ the ventricle of stomach

Comments: Dimasa bisiŋ inside; Rawang ǝduŋ in, middle; Trung a³-tuŋ¹ middle. Simon 16; Ben. 17, 82; Coblin 53. Note Austroasiatic: Khmer trūŋ 'centre, middle, chest', Kui thru:ŋ 'chest' (also PAA *ruŋ 'cave, hole', PAN *Rawaŋ?; Peiros 1998, 222 compares PAN *teleŋ 'middle'). STEDT 178-180, with a (hardly justified) subdivision into 2 roots (*(t)s(y)u:ŋ and *[t/d]uŋ).

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *duak

Meaning: go out

Burmese: thwak to go or come out, emerge from; LB *thuakx.

Lushai: čhuak (čhuaʔ) go out, come out; escape.

Comments: Cf. also Lush. dok (doʔ) to slip out, slip partly out, come off, duk (duʔ) come off, slip off.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *dŭH

Meaning: collect, receive

Chinese: 受 *d_uʔ to receive, accept.

Tibetan: ãthu, btu, thu to gather, collect, pick up.

Burmese: ? tǝwʔ to touch

Lushai: čhuʔ snatch away, take away from.

Comments: A derivate in *-n is OCh. 屯 *d_ūn 'accumulate', Tib. thun, ãthun 'one who collects, a gatherer'.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *dŭm

Meaning: end (specifically of a harvest, season)

Chinese: 終 *tuŋ end, finish.

Burmese: tumh be ended (as a season).

Kachin: thum² be ended, terminated (cf. also šǝtom², šǝdom² to end).

Lushai: čhum to finish reaping or gathering.

Kiranti: *[d(h)]úm(s)

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *dūH

Meaning: beat, pound

Chinese: 擣 *tūʔ to beat, pound.

Burmese: thuʔ to hit, knock.

Kachin: (D) thu³ to push.

Lushai: čhu (čhut) to strike.

Comments: Ben. 69.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *dūk

Meaning: thick

Chinese: 篤 *tūk firm, solid; massive; heavily.

Tibetan: stug, ãthug, mthug thickness, thick.

Burmese: thǝuk-thǝuk thickly.

Kiranti: *thùŋ

Comments: Sh. 69; Ben. 77; Peiros-Starostin 218; Coblin 148.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *dV̄mH

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: dark

Chinese: 點 *tēmʔ black spot, blot.

Tibetan: ãthom, thoms be dim, dull, clouded.

Burmese: tim cloud, LB *(s)tim.

Lushai: čhūm cloud, mist, fog.

Kiranti: *d(h)úm

Comments: Rgyarung sdim. Sh. 67. Cf. *dhǝ̄mH.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *dV̄n

Meaning: answer

Tibetan: than answer.

Kachin: than³ to answer.

Lushai: čhōn to answer; speak to.

Lepcha: dŭn 1 to tell, to fortell, to relate, to remind, to confess, to show, to give intelligence, to persuade

Kiranti: *d(h)ä̀n

Comments: Cf. also: Motuo than, Phom dan 'hear', Khoirai kaŋ-tan 'know'.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *gāɫ

Meaning: sweat

Chinese: 汗 *gāns sweat.

Kiranti: *ghàl

Comments: Trung gǝ̆r¹. Bod. 136.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *gān

Meaning: bank, precipice

Chinese: 干 *kān river bank; valley stream.

Lushai: khān a pass; a path on the face of a precipice; khan a watershed, the top of a valley.

Comments: Cf. Chang (Konyak) gan 'earth' (?)

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *Gān

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: cold

Chinese: 寒 *gān cold.

Kachin: khjen¹ snow, ice, (Mat.) gjen¹ id.

Comments: Cf. also Tani *an 'cold', Naga *mǝ-kVŋ, Pumi *C-khVN id.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *Gāp

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: cover

Chinese: 蓋 *kāts ( < *kāps) to cover, conceal; a cover (of a car), *gāp to thatch, to cover.

Tibetan: bkab to cover, gab to hide, sgab covering; ãgebs (p. bkab, f. dgab; i. khob) to cover, skjibs everything giving shelter from above, khebs covering, ãkheb (p. khebs) cover.

Kachin: mǝgap² to cover.

Lushai: hup (huʔ) cover, put over.

Lepcha: kap to cover over, to envelop, to wrap round as garment

Kiranti: *ʔkǝ́p

Comments: PG *kàp^L; Banpara kap-tuŋ shell; Kham kàp; Mantshati kab; Ao Naga *kap 'skin'. Sh. 87, 140, 448; Peiros-Starostin 213, 216. Vocalism in Lush. is probably due to the influence of *gjūp q. v. STEDT 124-127 *gop ~ *kop (with a confusion of *Gāp and *gjūp).

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *Gār

Meaning: bronze, copper

Tibetan: mkhar bronze, ãkhar id.

Burmese: khajh lead or tin.

Lushai: hār pewter, solder.

Comments: PG *kj[o]r^L copper.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *gǝ̆m

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: gold

Chinese: 金 *kǝm metal, gold.

Lushai: KC > Tiddim xam gold.

Lepcha: kóm silver; silver coin, money, a rupee

Comments: Ben. 82.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *Gǝ̄ŋ

Meaning: waxing moon

Chinese: 亙 *kǝ̄ŋs increasing moon.

Lushai: haŋ-lam the waxing (of the moon).

Comments: Cf. Karen *ha(ʔ).T, Manipuri ahiŋ 'night'.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *Gǝ̄wH (/*Gh-)

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: scold, offend

Chinese: 詬 *kōʔ, *khōʔs revile, disgrace.

Tibetan: ãkhu-ba to offend, insult.

Burmese: khuʔ be angry.

Lushai: hau to scold, abuse.

Kiranti: *kúk

Comments: Coblin 98.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *g(h)a

Meaning: jaw, chin

Kachin: nkha³ jaw, chin.

Lushai: khā lower jaw, KC *m-kha.

Lepcha: gă, gá the chin

Comments: BG: Dimasa khu-sga chin, Bodo khu-ga mouth; Nung mǝkha chin, jaw; Sgaw kha chin, Pwo kha-laʔ id. Sh. 44; Ben. 120, 134. The root tends to be confused with *k(h)a open, opening q. v.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *g(h)a

Meaning: partridge

Burmese: kha partridge.

Lushai: KC *kha\.

Comments: Tsangla kha; Rawang kha; Newari kha cock. Sh. 164, 403.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *g(h)[ă]ɫ

Meaning: drive

Kachin: gon¹ to drive or scare (from a field).

Lushai: khalʔ to drive (as cattle); to outstrip.

Kiranti: *Kòl

Comments: Trung kal¹ to drive (cattle); Chepang gulh to follow, chase.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *g(h)ăŋH

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: hard, solid

Chinese: 彊 *g_aŋʔ hard.

Kachin: (H) khaŋ be strong, durable.

Lushai: khaŋ congealed, solidified, set.

Comments: Cf. *kāŋ, *qhăŋ.