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\data\typol\typology
Number: 4341
Language: Kol
Location: Papua New Guinea (E New Britain)
Population: 1,500
Classification: Indo-Pacific: East Papuan: Yele-Solomons--New Britain: New Britain
Other Sources: E
Consonant system:

   




Syntax: SVO
Number: 4342
Language: Wasi
Location: Papua New Guinea (EC New Britain)
Population: 500
Classification: Indo-Pacific: East Papuan: Yele-Solomons--New Britain: New Britain
Consonant system:

   




Number: 4343
Language: Anem
Location: Papua New Guinea (W New Britain)
Population: 500
Classification: Indo-Pacific: East Papuan: Yele-Solomons--New Britain: New Britain
Other Sources: WALS
Consonant system:

   




Syntax: SVO
Number: 4344
Language: Panaras
Alternate Name: Kuot
Location: Papua New Guinea (C New Ireland)
Population: 900
Classification: Indo-Pacific: East Papuan: Yele-Solomons--New Britain: New Britain
Consonant system:

   




Syntax: VSO
Number: 4345
Language: Baining
Location: Papua New Guinea (E New Britain)
Population: 4,500
Classification: Indo-Pacific: East Papuan: Yele-Solomons--New Britain: New Britain: Baining-Taulil
Other Sources: Parker, Jim and Diana Parker. 1974. "A Tentative Phonology of Baining," in Phonologies of Four Papua New Guinea Languages, Ukarumpa, PNG, SIL, 5-43.
Consonant system:

   p mb t nd k ŋɡ (ʔ)

s ɣ
m n ŋ
l
ɾ

Stops: p mb t nd k ŋɡ (ʔ)
Fricatives: s ɣ
Nasals: m n ŋ
Laterals: l
Vibrants: ɾ
Modified Consonants: cʷ k ŋɡ ɣ ŋ
Glides: w
Front Vowels: i ɛ
Central Vowels: a
Back Vowels: u o
Long Vowels: v̄ all
Diphthongs: ai au ɛi
Syllable: (C)(C)V(C)(C) [no CCVCC] lˈ
Stress: non-phonemic
Noun Number: s d p
Articles: art
Syntax: SVO
Prep/Post: PREP
Number: 4346
Language: Taulil
Location: Papua New Guinea (E New Britain)
Population: 400
Classification: Indo-Pacific: East Papuan: Yele-Solomons--New Britain: New Britain: Baining-Taulil
Other Sources: AL 6:9
Consonant system:

   p b t d k ɡ

v
m n ŋ
l
r

Stops: p b t d k ɡ
Fricatives: v
Nasals: m n ŋ
Laterals: l
Vibrants: r
Front Vowels: i e
Central Vowels: a
Back Vowels: u o
Number: 4347
Language: Butam
Population: extinct
Classification: Indo-Pacific: East Papuan: Yele-Solomons--New Britain: New Britain: Baining-Taulil
Consonant system:

   




Number: 4348
Language: Nasioi
Location: Papua New Guinea (S Bougainville)
Population: 11,600
Classification: Indo-Pacific: East Papuan: Bougainville: East: Nasioi
TextBooks: TD: Hurd, Conrad and Phyllis Hurd. 1966. Nasioi Language Course. Port Moresby: Dept of Information and Extension Services.
Other Sources: Hurd, Conrad and Phyllis Hurd. 1970. "Nasioi Verbs," OL 9, 37-78.
Consonant system:

   p b t d k ʔ


m n ŋ

Stops: p b t d k ʔ
Nasals: m n ŋ
Front Vowels: i ɛ
Central Vowels: a
Back Vowels: u o
Long Vowels: v̄ all
Syllable: (C)V(C) Nˈ
Stress: non-phonemic (initial/second)
Noun Number: s d p
Pronouns:

    1 4d 4
2 5d 5
*3mf *6

Syntax: SOV NA GN DN NUM-N POSS-N/N-POSS
Prep/Post: POST
Number: 4349
Language: Nagovisi
Location: Papua New Guinea (S Bougainville)
Population: 5,000
Classification: Indo-Pacific: East Papuan: Bougainville: East: Nasioi
Consonant system:

   




Number: 4350
Language: Buin
Location: Papua New Guinea (S Bougainville)
Population: 9,500
Classification: Indo-Pacific: East Papuan: Bougainville: East: Buin
Other Sources:

   Laycock, Don. 1969. "Sublanguages in Buin: Play, Poetry, and Preservation," PL A22, 1-23.
Griffin, Margie. 1970 "Buin Directionals," PL A26, 13-22.
PLNGLS

Consonant system:

   p t k ɡ


m n ŋ

r

Stops: p t k ɡ
Nasals: m n ŋ
Vibrants: r
Front Vowels: i e
Central Vowels: a
Back Vowels: u o
Long Vowels: v̄ ?
Syllable: (C)V Nˈ
Noun Number: s d p for kinship terms
Gender: m f ...
Articles: indef
Pronouns:

   1 4d 4
2 5d 5
3mf 6dmf* 6mf*
4d=5d 4=5
*For groups consisting of both men and women, the feminine non-singular forms are used.

Syntax: SOV GN DN POSS-N(1)/N-POSS(2-6)
Prep/Post: POST
Number: 4351
Language: Siwai
Location: Papua New Guinea (S Bougainville)
Population: 6,600
Classification: Indo-Pacific: East Papuan: Bougainville: East: Buin
Consonant system:

   




Number: 4352
Language: Konua
Location: Papua New Guinea (N Bougainville)
Population: 1,500
Classification: Indo-Pacific: East Papuan: Bougainville: West
Consonant system:

   




Number: 4353
Language: Keriaka
Location: Papua New Guinea (N Bougainville)
Population: 1,000
Classification: Indo-Pacific: East Papuan: Bougainville: West
Consonant system:

   




Number: 4354
Language: Rotokas
Location: Papua New Guinea (C Bougainville)
Population: 4,000
Classification: Indo-Pacific: East Papuan: Bougainville: West: Rotukas
Other Sources:

   Firchow, Irwin and Jacqueline Firchow. 1969. "An Abbreviated Phoneme Inventory," AL 11, 271-6.
Firchow, Irwin B. 1971. "Rotokas Referentials," Kivung 4, 175-86.
PLNGLS

Consonant system:

   p t k ɡ

β
ıThe absence of nasal phonemes in the main dialect makes this lanɡuaɡe a curiosity.ı Firchow & Firchow 1969, 271.

ɾ

Stops: p t k ɡ
Fricatives: β
Nasals: "The absence of nasal phonemes in the main dialect makes this lanɡuaɡe a curiosity." Firchow & Firchow 1969, 271.
Vibrants: ɾ
Front Vowels: i e
Central Vowels: a
Back Vowels: u o
Long Vowels: v̄ all
Syllable: (C)V
Stress: phonemic
Noun Number: s d p
Pronouns:

   1 4d 4ie
2 5d 5
3mfn 6dmfn 6mfn

Syntax: SOV
Prep/Post: POST
Number: 4355
Language: Eivo
Location: Papua New Guinea (C Bougainville)
Population: 1,200
Classification: Indo-Pacific: East Papuan: Bougainville: West: Rotukas
Consonant system:

   




Number: 4356
Language: Aiwo
Alternate Name: Reefs, Ayiwo, Nifiloe
Location: Santa Cruz Archipelago (Reef Islands)
Population: 3,600
Classification: Indo-Pacific: East Papuan: Reef Islands-Santa Cruz
Other Sources:

   Wurm, S. A. 1970. "Austronesian and the Vocabulary of Languages of the Reef and Santa Cruz Islands - A Preliminary Approach" in PL C13, 467-553.
Wurm, S. A. 1972. "Notes on the Indication of Possession with Nouns in Reef and Santa Cruz Islands," PL A35, 85-113.
ANLGS
ML

Consonant system:

   p mb t nd k (kh) ŋɡ

v s
m n ŋ
l

Stops: p mb t nd k (kh) ŋɡ
Fricatives: v s
Nasals: m n ŋ
Laterals: l
Modified Consonants:

   ? cj p nd n
cʷ p mb k (ŋɡ) m ŋ

Glides: j w
Front Vowels: i e æ
Central Vowels: (ǝ) a
Back Vowels: u o ɒ
Long Vowels:
Diphthongs: ej ow
Stress: non-phonemic
Demonstratives: 2
Articles: art
Pronouns:

   1 4die 4tie 4ie
2 5d 5
3 6d 6

Syntax: SVO/OVS NA ND N-POSS
Prep/Post: PREP
Number: 4357
Language: Santa Cruz
Dialect: Nelua
Location: Santa Cruz Is (N Santa Cruz Is)
Population: 2,200
Classification: Indo-Pacific: East Papuan: Reef Islands-Santa Cruz: Santa Cruz
Other Sources:

   Wurm, S. A. 1970. "Austronesian and the Vocabulary of Languages of the Reef and Santa Cruz Islands - A Preliminary Approach," in PL C13, 467-553.
ML

Consonant system:

   p mb t nd k ŋɡ

v
m n ŋ
l

Stops: p mb t nd k ŋɡ
Fricatives: v
Nasals: m n ŋ
Laterals: l
Modified Consonants:

   cj t n
cʷ p m

Glides: j w
Front Vowels: i y e ø
Central Vowels: ǝ a
Back Vowels: u o
Articles: art
Pronouns:

   1 4die 4tie 4ie
2 5d 5t 5
3 6d 6t 6

Syntax: SVO NA NG ND N-NUM N-POSS
Prep/Post: PREP
Comments: The women are reported to speak differently from the men, using different words." ML, 487.
Number: 4358
Language: Santa Cruz
Dialect: Malo
Location: Santa Cruz Is (S Trevanion Is)
Population: 2,200
Classification: Indo-Pacific: East Papuan: Reef Islands-Santa Cruz: Santa Cruz
Other Sources:

   Wurm, S. A. 1970. "Austronesian and the Vocabulary of Languages of the Reef and Santa Cruz Islands - A Preliminary Approach," in PL C13, 467-553.
Wurm, S. A. 1972. "Notes on the Indication of Possession with Nouns in Reef and Santa Cruz Islands," PL A35, 85-113.
ANLGS

Consonant system:

   p ph mb t th nd k kh ŋɡ

v s
m n ŋ
l

Stops: p ph mb t th nd k kh ŋɡ
Fricatives: v s
Nasals: m n ŋ
Laterals: l
Modified Consonants:

   cj p (mb) k n
cʷ p mb t nd k ŋɡ m n ŋ

Glides: j w
Front Vowels: i y e ø æ
Central Vowels: ǝ a
Back Vowels: u o ɒ
Long Vowels: (v̄)
Nasal Vowels: ı̃ æ̃ ǝ̃ ã ũ õ ɒ̃
Diphthongs: ej
Articles: art
Pronouns:

   1 4di 4ie
2 5
3 6

Syntax: SVO/(OVS) NA N-POSS
Number: 4359
Language: Santa Cruz
Dialect: Eastern Nea
Location: Santa Cruz Is (SW Santa Cruz)
Population: 1,100
Classification: Indo-Pacific: East Papuan: Reef Islands-Santa Cruz: Santa Cruz
Other Sources:

   Wurm, S. A. 1972. "Notes on the Indication of Possession with Nouns in Reef and Santa Cruz Islands," PL A35, 85-113.
ANLGS

Consonant system:

   p ph mb t th nd k kh ŋɡ

v s
m n ŋ
l

Stops: p ph mb t th nd k kh ŋɡ
Fricatives: v s
Nasals: m n ŋ
Laterals: l
Modified Consonants:

   cj p nd n
cʷ p mb t nd k ŋɡ m n ŋ

Glides: j w
Front Vowels: i y e ø ɛ æ
Central Vowels: ǝ a
Back Vowels: u o ɔ
Long Vowels: (v̄)
Nasal Vowels: ỹ̃ ẽ ø̃̃ ǝ̃ ã ũ ɔ̃
Diphthongs: aj ej ɛj ǝw ow ao
Articles: art
Pronouns:

   1 4di 4ie
2 5
3 6

Syntax: SVO/(OVS) NA N-POSS
Number: 4360
Language: Santa Cruz
Dialect: Western Nea
Location: Santa Cruz Is (SW Santa Cruz)
Population: 1,100
Classification: Indo-Pacific: East Papuan: Reef Islands-Santa Cruz: Santa Cruz
Other Sources:

   Wurm, S. A. 1970. "Austronesian and the Vocabulary of Languages of the Reef and Santa Cruz Islands - A Preliminary Approach," in PL C13, 467-553.
Wurm, S. A. 1972. "Notes on the Indication of Possession with Nouns in Reef and Santa Cruz Islands," PL A35, 85-113.
ANLGS

Consonant system:

   p ph mb t th nd k kh ŋɡ

v s
m n ŋ
l

Stops: p ph mb t th nd k kh ŋɡ
Fricatives: v s
Nasals: m n ŋ
Laterals: l
Modified Consonants:

   cj p nd n
cʷ p mb t (nd) (k) ŋɡ m n (ŋ)

Glides: j w
Front Vowels: i y e ø ɛ
Central Vowels: ǝ a
Back Vowels: u o ɔ
Long Vowels: (v̄)
Nasal Vowels: ̃ỹ ø̃ ǝ̃ ã ũ
Diphthongs: aj ej ɛj ǝw ao
Articles: art
Pronouns:

   1 4di 4ie
2 5
3 6

Syntax: SVO/(OVS) NA N-POSS
typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-syntax,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-syntax,typology-language,typology-alternaten,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-syntax,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-vibrants,typology-modifiedco,typology-glides,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-diphthongs,typology-syllable,typology-stress,typology-nounnumber,typology-articles,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-vibrants,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-language,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-textbooks,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-nasals,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-syllable,typology-stress,typology-nounnumber,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-nasals,typology-vibrants,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-syllable,typology-nounnumber,typology-gender,typology-articles,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-vibrants,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-syllable,typology-stress,typology-nounnumber,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-language,typology-alternaten,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-modifiedco,typology-glides,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-diphthongs,typology-stress,typology-demonstrat,typology-articles,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,typology-language,typology-dialect,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-modifiedco,typology-glides,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-articles,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,typology-comments,typology-language,typology-dialect,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-modifiedco,typology-glides,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-nasalvowel,typology-diphthongs,typology-articles,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-language,typology-dialect,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-modifiedco,typology-glides,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-nasalvowel,typology-diphthongs,typology-articles,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-language,typology-dialect,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-modifiedco,typology-glides,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-nasalvowel,typology-diphthongs,typology-articles,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,
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