Waters, Bruce E. 1980a. "Djinang Phonology," PL A60, 1-71. Waters, Bruce E. 1980b. "Djinang Verb Morphology," PL A60, 141-78.
Consonant system:
p b t d ṭ ḍ c ɟ k ɡ (ʔ)
m n ṇ ñ ŋ l ḷ r ɹ̣
Stops:p b t d ṭ ḍ c ɟ k ɡ (ʔ)
Nasals:m n ṇ ñ ŋ
Laterals:l ḷ
Vibrants:r ɹ̣
Glides:j w
Front Vowels:i
Central Vowels:a
Back Vowels:u
Syllable:(C)V(C)(C)
Stress:initial
Syntax:SOV POSS-N/N-POSS
Prep/Post:POST
Number:4442
Language:Dhangu
Dialect:Galbu
Location:N Australia (N Northern Territory)
Population:200
Classification:Australian: Pama-Nyungan: Yuulngu
Other Sources:
Wood, R. 1978. "Some Yuulngu Phonological Patterns," in PL A51, 53-117. E
Consonant system:
p t̯ t ṭ ḍ c k ʔ
m n̯ n ṇ ñ ŋ l ḷ r ɹ̣
Stops:p t̯ t ṭ ḍ c k ʔ
Nasals:m n̯ n ṇ ñ ŋ
Laterals:l ḷ
Vibrants:r ɹ̣
Glides:j w
Front Vowels:I
Central Vowels:ǝ
Back Vowels:ʋ
Long Vowels:v̄ all
Syllable:CV(C)(C)
Tones:initial
Syntax:SVO
Number:4443
Language:Dhuwal
Alternate Name:Djapu
Dialect:Gupapuyngu
Location:N Australia (N Northern Territory)
Population:250
Classification:Australian: Pama-Nyungan: Yuulngu
Other Sources:
Buchanan, Dianne. 1978. "Djambarrpuynu Clauses," in PL A51, 143-77. AL 8:2 WALS
Consonant system:
p b t̯ d̯ t d ṭ ḍ c ɟ k ɡ ʔ
m n̯ n ṇ ñ ŋ l ḷ ɾ ɹ̣̣
Stops:p b t̯ d̯ t d ṭ ḍ c ɟ k ɡ ʔ
Nasals:m n̯ n ṇ ñ ŋ
Laterals:l ḷ
Vibrants:ɾ ɹ̣̣
Glides:j w
Front Vowels:i
Central Vowels:a
Back Vowels:u
Long Vowels:v̄ all
Demonstratives:3
Pronouns:
1 4die 4ie 2 5d 5 3 6d 6
Syntax:SOV/OVS DN POSS-N
Ergative:erg
Prep/Post:POST
Number:4444
Language:Djinba
Location:N Australia (N Northern Territory)
Population:150
Classification:Australian: Pama-Nyungan: Yuulngu
Consonant system:
Number:4445
Language:Ritharngu
Location:N Australia (N Northern Territory)
Population:300
Classification:Australian: Pama-Nyungan: Yuulngu
Grammar:GD: Heath, Jeffrey. 1980. Basic Materials in Ritharngu: Grammar, Texts and Dictionary. PL B62.
Other Sources:Heath, Jeffrey. 1978. Linguistic Diffusion in Arnhem Land. Canberra: AIAS.
Consonant system:
p b t̯ d̯ t d ṭ ḍ c ɟ k ɡ ʔ
m n̯ n ṇ ñ ŋ l ḷ r ɹ̣̣
Stops:p b t̯ d̯ t d ṭ ḍ c ɟ k ɡ ʔ
Nasals:m n̯ n ṇ ñ ŋ
Laterals:l ḷ
Vibrants:r ɹ̣̣
Glides:j w
Front Vowels:i (e)
Central Vowels:a
Back Vowels:u (o)
Long Vowels:v̄ all
Syllable:(C)V(C)(C)
Noun Number:s d p
Demonstratives:4: [3 + far distant]
Pronouns:
1 4die 4ie 2 5d 5 3 6d 6
Syntax:VSO NA GN DN/ND POSS-N/N-POSS
Ergative:erg
Prep/Post:POST
Number:4446
Language:Dhay'yi
Location:Australia
Classification:Australian: Pama-Nyungan: Yuulngu
Consonant system:
Number:4447
Language:Yan-nhangu
Alternate Name:Jarnango
Location:N Australia (N Northern Territory)
Classification:Australian: Pama-Nyungan: Yuulngu
Consonant system:
Syntax:ND
Number:4448
Language:Lardil
Location:N Australia (NW Queensland, Mornington Island)
Population:270
Classification:Australian: Pama-Nyungan: Tangic
Other Sources:
AL 8:2 LOA
Consonant system:
b d̯ d ḍ ɟ ɡ
m n̯ n ṇ ñ ŋ l r ɹ̣̣
Stops:b d̯ d ḍ ɟ ɡ
Nasals:m n̯ n ṇ ñ ŋ
Laterals:l
Vibrants:r ɹ̣̣
Clicks:nʘ, n/, n!, nǂ Lardil also possessed a special speech style, used by initiated men, which added 4 nasalized clicks (nʘ, n/, n!, nǂ ), two ejectives (pʔ, k?), and an ingressive lateral fricative (ɬ) to the standard consonant repertoire. The vowel /e/ was not used in this style. Apparently this special speech style has recently fallen into disuse.
Glides:j w
Front Vowels:i e
Central Vowels:a
Back Vowels:u
Long Vowels:v̄ all
Pronouns:
1 4die* 4ie* 2 5d* 5* 3 6d* 6* *In Lardil . . . one type of non-singular pronoun is used when the people referred to are in the same generation level or are two levels apart, and another type of pronoun is used if they are one or three generations apart." LOA 276
