A global linguistic database : Query result

Number: 4621

Language: Karlamay

Location: SW Australia (SW Western Australia)

Population: 2 (1969)

Classification: Australia: Pama-Nyungan: South-West: Wadjari

Other Sources: AL 8:2

Consonant system:

p t̯ t ṭ c k

m n̯ n ṇ ñ ŋ
l̯ l ḷ ʎ
r ɹ̣̣

Stops: p t̯ t ṭ c k

Nasals: m n̯ n ṇ ñ ŋ

Laterals: l̯ l ḷ ʎ

Vibrants: r ɹ̣̣

Glides: j w

Front Vowels: i

Central Vowels: a

Back Vowels: u

Long Vowels: v̄

Number: 4622

Language: Wirangu

Location: S Australia (S South)

Classification: Australia: Pama-Nyungan: South-West: Wati

Consonant system:

Number: 4623

Language: Warnman

Alternate Name: Wanman

Location: WC Australia (NC Western Australia)

Population: 100

Classification: Australia: Pama-Nyungan: South-West: Wati

Other Sources: AL 8:2

Consonant system:

p t ṭ c k

m n ṇ ñ ŋ
l ḷ ʎ
r ɹ̣̣

Stops: p t ṭ c k

Nasals: m n ṇ ñ ŋ

Laterals: l ḷ ʎ

Vibrants: r ɹ̣̣

Glides: j w

Front Vowels: i

Central Vowels: a

Back Vowels: u

Long Vowels: v̄

Syllable: CV(C)

Stress: initial

Pronouns:

1 4d 4
2 5d 5
*3 *6d *6

Ergative: erg

Number: 4624

Language: Western Desert Language

Dialect: Pitjantjatjara

Location: W Australia (E Western)

Population: 4,000 (2,000)

Classification: Australia: Pama-Nyungan: South-West: Wati

Grammar: Glass, Amee and Dorothy Hackett. 1970. Pitjantjatjara Grammar. Canberra: AIAS.

Other Sources:

Glass, Amee and Dorothy Hackett. 1969. Pitjantjatjara Texts. Canberra: AIAS.
Glass, Amee and Dorothy Hackett. 1979. Ngaanyatjarra Texts. Canberra: AIAS.

Consonant system:

p t̯ t ṭ k

m n̯ n ṇ ŋ
l̯ l ḷ
r ɹ̣

Stops: p t̯ t ṭ k

Nasals: m n̯ n ṇ ŋ

Laterals: l̯ l ḷ

Vibrants: r ɹ̣

Glides: j w

Front Vowels: i

Central Vowels: a

Back Vowels: u

Long Vowels: v̄ all

Syllable: CV(C)

Stress: initial

Demonstratives: 3 + ref

Pronouns:

1 4die 4ie
2 5d 5
*3 *6d *6

Syntax: SOV NA GN ND N-NUM POSS-N/N-POSS N+D+A+Num

Ergative: erg

Prep/Post: POST

Number: 4625

Language: Western Desert Language

Alternate Name: Ngaanyatjarra

Dialect: Warburton Ranges

Location: W Australia (E Western)

Population: 4,000

Classification: Australia: Pama-Nyungan: South-West: Wati

Dictionary: Douglas, W. H. 1977. Illustrated Topical Dictionary of the Western Desert Language. Canberra: AIAS.

Grammar: Douglas, W. H. 1964. An Introduction to the Western Desert Language. OLM 4.

Consonant system:

p t̯ t ṭ k

m n̯ n ṇ ŋ
l̯ l ḷ
r ɹ̣

Stops: p t̯ t ṭ k

Nasals: m n̯ n ṇ ŋ

Laterals: l̯ l ḷ

Vibrants: r ɹ̣

Glides: j w

Front Vowels: I

Central Vowels: a

Back Vowels: ʋ

Long Vowels: v̄ all

Stress: initial

Demonstratives: 3 + ref

Pronouns:

1 4d 4
2 5d 5
*3 *6d *6

Syntax: SOV NA GN ND N-NUM POSS-N N+A+Num+D

Prep/Post: POST

Number: 4626

Language: Western Desert Language

Dialect: Pintupi

Location: W Australia (E Western)

Population: 4,000 (800)

Classification: Australia: Pama-Nyungan: South-West: Wati

Other Sources:

Hansen, K. C. and L. E. Hansen. 1969. "Pintupi Phonology," OL 8, 153-70.
LOA

Consonant system:

p t ṭ c k

m n ṇ ñ ŋ
l ḷ ʎ
ɾ ɹ

Stops: p t ṭ c k

Nasals: m n ṇ ñ ŋ

Laterals: l ḷ ʎ

Vibrants: ɾ ɹ

Glides: j w

Front Vowels: i

Central Vowels: a

Back Vowels: u

Long Vowels: v̄ all

Syllable: CV(C)

Stress: initial

Number: 4627

Language: Western Desert Language

Dialect: Gugada

Location: W Australia (E Western)

Population: 4,000 (almost extinct)

Classification: Australia: Pama-Nyungan: South-West: Wati

Grammar: Platt, John T. 1972. An Outline Grammar of the Gugada Dialect. Canberra: AIAS.

Consonant system:

p t̯ t ṭ k

m n̯ n ṇ ŋ
l̯ l ḷ
ɾ ɹ̣

Stops: p t̯ t ṭ k

Nasals: m n̯ n ṇ ŋ

Laterals: l̯ l ḷ

Vibrants: ɾ ɹ̣

Glides: j w

Front Vowels: I

Central Vowels: a

Back Vowels: ʋ

Long Vowels: v̄ all

Syllable: (C)V(C)

Stress: initial

Demonstratives: 3 + ref

Pronouns:

1 4die 4
2 5d 5
3 6d 6

Syntax: SOV NA GN ND N-NUM POSS-N/N-POSS

Prep/Post: POST

Number: 4628

Language: Western Desert Language

Dialect: Yulbaridja

Location: W Australia (E Western)

Population: 4,000

Classification: Australia: Pama-Nyungan: South-West: Wati

Other Sources: AL 8:2

Consonant system:

p t ṭ c k

m n ṇ ñ ŋ
l ḷ ʎ
r ɹ̣

Stops: p t ṭ c k

Nasals: m n ṇ ñ ŋ

Laterals: l ḷ ʎ

Vibrants: r ɹ̣

Glides: j w

Front Vowels: i

Central Vowels: a

Back Vowels: u

Long Vowels: v̄ all

Pronouns:

1 4d 4
2 5d 5
*3 *6d *6

Syntax: SOV

Number: 4629

Language: Western Desert Language

Dialect: Mantjiltjara

Location: W Australia (E Western)

Population: 4,000

Classification: Australia: Pama-Nyungan: South-West: Wati

Other Sources: Marsh, James. 1969. "Mantjiltjara Phonology," OL 8, 131-52.

Consonant system:

p t ṭ c k

m n ṇ ñ ŋ
l ḷ ʎ
r ɹ̣

Stops: p t ṭ c k

Nasals: m n ṇ ñ ŋ

Laterals: l ḷ ʎ

Vibrants: r ɹ̣

Glides: j w

Front Vowels: i

Central Vowels: a

Back Vowels: u

Long Vowels: v̄ all

Syllable: CV(C)

Stress: initial

Number: 4630

Language: Warlmanpa

Alternate Name: Walmanba

Location: C Australia (W Northern Territory)

Classification: Australia: Pama-Nyungan: South-West: Ngarga

Other Sources: WPF

Consonant system:

Pronouns:

1 4die 4ie
2 5d 5
3 6d 6

Number: 4631

Language: Warlpiri

Location: C Australia (W Northern Territory)

Population: 3,000

Classification: Australia: Pama-Nyungan: South-West: Ngarga

Dictionary: Reece, Laurie. 1975. Dictionary of the Wailbri (Walpiri) Language of Central Australia. OLM 19.

Grammar:

Capell, A. 1962. Some Linguistic Types in Australia. OLM 7.
Reece, Laurie. 1970. Grammar of the Wailbri Language of Central Australia. OLM 13.

TextBooks: Hale, Kenneth. 1973. "Person Marking in Walbiri," in A Festschrift for Morris Halle, ed. by Stephen R. Anderson and Paul Kiparsky, New York, Holt, Rinehart Winston, 308-44.

Other Sources: AL 8:2

Consonant system:

p t ṭ c k

m n ṇ ñ ŋ
l ḷ ʎ
r ɾ̣ ɹ̣̣

Stops: p t ṭ c k

Nasals: m n ṇ ñ ŋ

Laterals: l ḷ ʎ

Vibrants: r ɾ̣ ɹ̣̣

Glides: j w

Front Vowels: i

Central Vowels: a

Back Vowels: u

Long Vowels: v̄ all

Modified Vowels: vowel harmony

Diphthongs: ai au

Syllable: (C)V(C)

Stress: initial

Noun Number: s d p

Demonstratives: 4 [3 + that very far] + ref

Pronouns:

1 4die 4ie
2 5d 5
*3 *6d *6

Syntax: SOV NA ND N-NUM N-POSS

Prep/Post: POST

Number: 4632

Language: Ngardi

Location: C Australia (W Northern Territory)

Classification: Australia: Pama-Nyungan: South-West: Ngarga

Other Sources:

Jagst, Lothar. 1975. "Ngardilpa (Warlpiri) Phonology," in PL A39, 21-57.
WPF

Consonant system:

p ^mb t ⁿd ṭ ^ṇḍ c^ñɟ k ^ŋɡ

m n̯ n ṇ ñ ŋ
l ḷ ʎ
ɾ ɾ̣ ɹ̣̣

Stops: p ^mb t ⁿd ṭ ^ṇḍ c^ñɟ k ^ŋɡ

Nasals: m n̯ n ṇ ñ ŋ

Laterals: l ḷ ʎ

Vibrants: ɾ ɾ̣ ɹ̣̣

Glides: j w

Front Vowels: I

Central Vowels: ɐ

Back Vowels: ʋ

Long Vowels: v̄ all

Syllable: CV(C)

Stress: initial

Pronouns:

1 4die 4ie
2 5d 5
3 6d 6

Prep/Post: POST

Number: 4633

Language: Nyungar

Location: SW Australia (SW Western)

Classification: Australia: Pama-Nyungan: South-West: Nyungar

Grammar: GD: Douglas, Wilfred H. 1976. The Aboriginal Languages of the South-West of Australia. Canberra: AIAS.

Consonant system:

p t̯ t ṭ k

m n̯ n ṇ ŋ
l̯ l ḷ
ɾ ɹ̣̣

Stops: p t̯ t ṭ k

Nasals: m n̯ n ṇ ŋ

Laterals: l̯ l ḷ

Vibrants: ɾ ɹ̣̣

Modified Consonants: cʷ p t k

Glides: j w

Front Vowels: i e

Central Vowels: a

Back Vowels: u o

Syllable: (C)V(N)(C)

Stress: initial

Demonstratives: 3

Pronouns:

1 4die 4ie
2 5d 5
3 6d 6

Syntax: SOV NA GN ND N-NUM POSS-N N+A+D

Prep/Post: POST

Number: 4634

Language: Nyungar

Dialect: Wadjuk

Location: SW Australia (SW Western)

Classification: Australia: Pama-Nyungan: South-West: Nyungar

Other Sources: AL 8:2

Consonant system:

p t̯ t ṭ c k

m n̯ n ṇ ñ ŋ
l̯ l ḷ ʎ
r ɹ̣

Stops: p t̯ t ṭ c k

Nasals: m n̯ n ṇ ñ ŋ

Laterals: l̯ l ḷ ʎ

Vibrants: r ɹ̣

Glides: j w

Front Vowels: i

Central Vowels: a

Back Vowels: u

Long Vowels: v̄

Pronouns:

1 4d* 4
2 5d* 5
3 6d* g
*4d has four forms: (1) siblings, (2) parent & child, uncle & nephew, (3) husband & wife, (4) brothers-in-law; 5d has two forms: (1) siblings, or parent & child, (2) husband & wife; 6d has three forms: (1) siblings, (2) parent & child, (3) husband & wife.

Ergative: erg

Number: 4635

Language: Ngadjunmaya

Alternate Name: Mirning

Location: SW Australia (S Western Australia)

Classification: Australian: Pama-Nyungan: South-West: Ngadjunmaya

Other Sources: AL 8:2

Consonant system:

p t̯ t ṭ c k

m n̯ n ṇ ñ ŋ
l̯ l ḷ ʎ
r ɹ̣

Stops: p t̯ t ṭ c k

Nasals: m n̯ n ṇ ñ ŋ

Laterals: l̯ l ḷ ʎ

Vibrants: r ɹ̣

Glides: j w

Front Vowels: i

Central Vowels: a

Back Vowels: u

Long Vowels: v̄

Pronouns:

1 4d 4
2 5d 5
3 6d 6

Number: 4636

Language: Adynyamathanha

Location: S Australia (E South Australia)

Classification: Australian: Pama-Nyungan: South-West: Yura

Other Sources:

Schebeck, B. 1973. "The Adnjamathanha Personal Pronoun and the 'Wailpi Kinship System'," in PL A36, 1-45.
Schebeck, B. 1974. Texts on the Social System of the At^yn^yamat̯an̯a People with Grammatical Notes. PL D21.

Consonant system:

p t̯ (d̯) t ṭ c k (ʔ)

v
m n̯ n ṇ ñ ŋ
l̯ l ḷ ʎ
ɾ r ɾ̣ ɹ̣̣

Stops: p t̯ (d̯) t ṭ c k (ʔ)

Fricatives: v

Nasals: m n̯ n ṇ ñ ŋ

Laterals: l̯ l ḷ ʎ

Vibrants: ɾ r ɾ̣ ɹ̣̣

Glides: j w

Front Vowels: i

Central Vowels: a

Back Vowels: u

Long Vowels: v̄

Stress: initial

Noun Number: s d p

Demonstratives: 3

Pronouns:

1 4d 4
2 5d 5
3 6d 6

Syntax: SOV AN/(NA) POSS-N

Prep/Post: POST

Number: 4637

Language: Banggarla

Location: Australia

Classification: Australian: Pama-Nyungan: South-West: Yura

Consonant system:

Number: 4638

Language: Kaurna

Location: Australia

Classification: Australian: Pama-Nyungan: South-West: Yura

Consonant system:

Number: 4639

Language: Haida

Location: SW Canada (Queen Charlotte Island)

Population: 200

Classification: Dene-Caucasian: Na-Dene

Dictionary: Lawrence, Erma. 1977. Haida Dictionary. Fairbanks: Alaska Native Language Center.

Other Sources:

Sapir, E. 1923. "The Phonetics of Haida," IJAL 2, 143-58.
Krauss, Michael E. 1964. "Proto-Athapaskan-Eyak and the Problem of Na-Dene: The Phonology," IJAL 30, 118-31.

Consonant system:

   p p^h p^ʔ t t^h t^ʔ k k^h k^ʔ (q) q^h q^ʔʔ
    t^sʔ t^l t^lh t^lʔ č č^h
m n ŋ
    l ^ʔl ɬ

Stops: p p^h p^ʔ t t^h t^ʔ k k^h k^ʔ (q) q^h q^ʔʔ

Affricates: t^sʔ t^l t^l^h t^l^ʔ č č^h

Nasals: m n ŋ

Laterals: l ^ʔl ɬ

Glides: j ^ʔj w ^ʔw

Vowel system:

I ʋ
ǝ

Front Vowels: I

Central Vowels: ǝ

Back Vowels: ʋ

Long Vowels: ī (ē) ā ū

Syllable: (C)(C)V(C)(C)

Tones: hi lo

Stress: initial (generally)

Noun Number: s p (pl for kinship terms only)

Demonstratives: 3 + ref

Articles: indef

Pronouns:

1 4
2 5
3

Syntax: SOV NA GN DN N-NUM N-POSS/POSS-N (more emphasis) D+N+A+Num

Ergative:

Prep/Post: /POST

Number: 4640

Language: Tlingit

Location: SE Alaska (Prince of Wales Island)

Population: 1,500

Classification: Na-Dene

Other Sources:

Velten, H. V. 1939. "Two Southern Tlingit Tales," IJAL 10, 65-74.
Velten, H. V. 1944. "Three Tlingit Stories," IJAL 10, 168-80.
Krauss, Michael E. 1964. "Proto-Athapaskan-Eyak and the Problem of Na-Dene: The Phonology," IJAL 30,118-31.
WPF

Consonant system:

t t^ʔ k k^ʔ kʷ k^ʔʷ q q^ʔ qʷ q^ʔʷ ʔ
d ɡ ɡʷ G Gʷ
t^s t^sʔ t^l t^lʔ č č^ʔ
d^z d^l ɡ̌
s s^ʔ š x x^ʔ xʷ x^ʔʷ χ χ^ʔ χʷ χ^ʔʷ h hʷ
n
ɬ ɬ^ʔ

Stops: t t^ʔ d k k^ʔ ɡ kʷ k^ʔʷ ɡʷ q q^ʔ G qʷ q^ʔʷ Gʷ ʔ

Affricates: t^s t^sʔ d^z t^l t^l^ʔ d^l č č^ʔ ɡ̌

Fricatives: s s^ʔ š x x^ʔ xʷ x^ʔʷ χ χ^ʔ χʷ χ^ʔʷ h hʷ

Nasals: n

Laterals: ɬ ɬ^ʔ

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

    i u
   I ʋ
e
ɛ
    a ɑ

Front Vowels: i I e ɛ

Central Vowels: a

Back Vowels: u ʋ ɑ

Stress: pitch accent (hi lo); one hi per word

Articles: def

Pronouns:

1 4
2 5
3 6

Syntax: SOV AN GN DN NUM-N POSS-N D+A+N

Ergative:

Noun Incorporation: NOUN INCORP

Prep/Post: /POST