Wonderly, William L. 1946. "Phonemic Acculturation in Zoque," IJAL 12, 92-5. Wonderly, William L. 1951-52. "Zoque I-VI," IJAL 17, 1-9, 105-23,137-62, 235-51; 18, 35-48,189-202. WALS
Consonant system:
p t c k ʔ (b) (d) (ɟ) (ɡ) ts č (ɡ̌) (f) s š h m n ñ ŋ l (ɾ) (r)
Stops:p (b) t (d) c (ɟ) k (ɡ) ʔ
Affricates:ts č (ɡ̌)
Fricatives:(f) s š h
Nasals:m n ñ ŋ
Laterals:l
Vibrants:(ɾ) (r)
Modified Consonants:c̄ t only
Glides:j w
Vowel system:
i ɯ u ɛ o a
Front Vowels:i ɛ
Central Vowels:a
Back Vowels:u ɯ o
Modified Vowels:vowel harmony
Syllable:(C)(C)(C)(C)V(C)(C)(C)
Stress:penult
Noun Number:s p
Demonstratives:2
Articles:def
Pronouns:
1 4 2 5 3 6
Syntax:VSO AN GN DN NUM-N POSS-N
Prep/Post:POST
Number:4867
Language:Proto-Mayan
Location:S Mexico
Classification:Amerind: Penutian: Mexican: Mayan
Other Sources:
Olson, Ronald D. 1964. "Mayan Affinities with Chipaya of Bolivia I: Correpondences," IJAL 30, 313-24. Kaufman, Terrence. 1969. "Teco - A New Mayan Language," IJAL 35, 154-74. CTIL 4, 324. Englund, Nora C. 1991. "Changes in Basic Word Order in Mayan Languages," IJAL 57: 446-86.
Consonant system:
p ʔb t̪ t̪ʔ t tʔ k kʔ q qʔ ʔ ts tsʔ č čʔ s š x h m n ŋ l r
Larsen, Raymond S. and Eunice Victoria Pike. 1949. "Huasteco Intonations and Phonemes," Lg 25, 268-77. McQuown, Norman A. 1976. "A Huastec Autobiographical Text," NATS 1:1, 3-20. Englund, Nora C. 1991. "Changes in Basic Word Order in Mayan Languages," IJAL 57: 446-86. WALS E
Consonant system:
p t tʔ k kʔ kʷ kʔʷ ʔ b (d) (ɡ) ts tsʔ č čʔ (f) θ (s) š h m n l (ɾ)
Stops:p b t tʔ (d) k kʔ (ɡ) kʷ kʔʷ ʔ
Affricates:ts tsʔ č čʔ
Fricatives:(f) θ (s) š h
Nasals:m n
Laterals:l
Vibrants:(ɾ)
Glides:j w
Vowel system:
i u e o a
Front Vowels:i e
Central Vowels:a
Back Vowels:u o
Long Vowels:v̄ all
Stress:non-phonemic
Articles:def indef
Syntax:SVO/VSO/VOS DN NUM-N POSS-N [WALS and E give SVO; Englund reports VSO/VOS.]
Grammar:Tozzer, Alfred M. 1921. A Maya Grammar. Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard Univ, vol 9. [Reprinted 1977 by Dover Publications, New York]
Other Sources:
Bowman, Elizabeth. 1959. "An Attempt at an Analysis of Modern Yucatec from a Small Corpus of Recorded Speech," AL 1:4, 43-86. Straight, H. Stephen. 1976. The Acquisition of Maya Phonology. New York: Garland.
Consonant system:
p pʔ t̪ t̪ʔ k kʔ ʔ ʔb (d̪) (ɡ) t̪s t̪sʔ č čʔ (f) s̪ š (x) h m n̪ l̪ (r)
Stops:p pʔʔb t̪ t̪ʔ (d̪) k kʔ (ɡ) ʔ
Affricates:t̪s t̪sʔ č čʔ
Fricatives:(f) s̪ š (x) h
Nasals:m n̪
Laterals:l̪
Vibrants:(r)
Glides:j w
Vowel system:
i u e o a
Front Vowels:i e
Central Vowels:a
Back Vowels:u o
Long Vowels:v̄ all
Tones:hi lo fall
Noun Number:s p
Demonstratives:3
Articles:def
Pronouns:
1 4d(ie) 4(ie) 2 5 3 6 inclusive/exclusive only in possessive pronouns
Grammar:Oakley, Helen. 1966. "Chorti," in LG, 235-50.
Other Sources:
Fought, John G. 1972. Chorti (Mayan) Texts 1. Philadelphia: Univ of Pennsylvania Press. Englund, Nora C. 1991. "Changes in Basic Word Order in Mayan Languages," IJAL 57: 446-86. WPF
Dictionary:Slocum, Marianna C. and Florencia L. Gerdel. 1965. Vocabulario tzeltal de Bachajon. Mexico City: SIL.
Grammar:
Kaufman, Terrence. 1971. Tzeltal Phonology and Morphology. UCPL 61.
Other Sources:
Slocum, Marianna C. 1948. "Tzeltal (Mayan) Noun and Verb Morphology," IJAL 14, 77-86. Berlin, Brent. 1963. "Some Semantic Features of Reduplication in Tzeltal," IJAL 29, 211-8. Englund, Nora C. 1991. "Changes in Basic Word Order in Mayan Languages," IJAL 57: 446-86. E WPF
Consonant system:
p pʔ t̪ t̪ʔ k kʔ ʔ (b) ʔb (d̪) (ɡ) t̪s t̪sʔ č čʔ (f) s̪ š h m n̪ l̪ ɾ (r)
Stops:p pʔ (b) ʔb t̪ t̪ʔ (d̪) k kʔ (ɡ) ʔ
Affricates:t̪s t̪sʔ č čʔ
Fricatives:(f) s̪ š h
Nasals:m n̪
Laterals:l̪
Vibrants:ɾ (r)
Glides:j w
Vowel system:
i u e o a
Front Vowels:i e
Central Vowels:a
Back Vowels:u o
Stress:phonemic
Noun Number:s p
Pronouns:
1 4 2 5 3 6
Syntax:VSO/VOS AN NG DN NUM-N POSS-N(1,2,3)/(N-POSS (for 4,5,6: {1,2,3} + N + pl)
Schuller, Rudolf. 1925. "La Lengua ts'ots'il," IJAL 3, 193-218.
Other Sources:
Weathers, Nadine. 1947. "Tsotsil Phonemes with Special Reference to Allophones of B," IJAL 13, 108-11. Weathers, Nadine. 1950. "Morphological Analysis of a Tzotzil (Mayan) Text," IJAL 16, 91-8. Delgaty, Colin C. 1960. "Tzotzil Verb Phrase Structure," in MSI, 9-79. Hopkins, Nicholas A. 1967. "A Short Sketch of Chalchihuitán Tzotzil," AL 9:4, 9-25. WALS
Consonant system:
p pʔ t̪ tʔ k kʔ ʔ ɓ ts tsʔ č čʔ v s š h m n̪ l̪ (ɾ)
Stops:p pʔ ɓ t̪ tʔ k kʔ ʔ
Affricates:ts tsʔ č čʔ
Fricatives:v s š h
Nasals:m n̪
Laterals:l̪
Vibrants:(ɾ)
Glides:j
Vowel system:
i u ɛ ɔ a
Front Vowels:i ɛ
Central Vowels:a
Back Vowels:u ɔ
Syllable:(C)(C)(C)V(C)(C)
Tones:hi lo
Stress:final
Noun Number:s p
Demonstratives:3
Pronouns:
1 4(ie) 2 5 *3 *6 inclus/exclus only in verb suffixes
Syntax:VOS/SVO AN NG NUM-N POSS-N(1,2,3)/N-POSS(for 4,5,6: {123} + N + pl)