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Number: 4961
Language: Chemehuevi
Location: S California
Population: 3,000
Classification: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Numic: Southern
Grammar: GD: Press, Margaret L. 1979. Chemehuevi: A Grammar and Lexicon. UCPL 92.
Consonant system: p t k kʷ ʔ ts s h v ɣ ɣʷ m ʔ m n ʔ n ŋ ʔ ŋ (l) r
Stops: p t k kʷ ʔ
Affricates: ts
Fricatives: v s ɣ ɣʷ h
Nasals: m ʔ m n ʔ n ŋ ʔ ŋ
Laterals: (l)
Vibrants: r
Glides: j ʔ j w ʔ w
Front Vowels: i
Central Vowels: ɨ a
Back Vowels: u o
Long Vowels: v̄ all
Diphthongs: ɨi ui oi ai ia ɨa ua oa aɨ au
Stress: on second syllable
Noun Number: s p
Gender: anim inan
Demonstratives: 3 this/that/that invisible
Pronouns: 1 4di 4ie 2 5 *3ai *6a
Syntax: SOV AN/NA GN DN/DND/ND NUM-N POSS-N/N-POSS
Prep/Post: POST
Number: 4962
Language: Tübatulabal
Location: California
Population: 10
Classification: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Tübatulabal
Dictionary: Voegelin, C. F. 1958. "Working Dictionary of Tübatulabal," IJAL 24, 221-8.
Other Sources: SUAG I.
Consonant system: p t k ʔ b d ɡ ts č dz ɡ̌ š h m n ŋ l
Stops: p b t d k ɡ ʔ
Affricates: ts dz č ɡ̌
Fricatives: š h
Nasals: m n ŋ
Laterals: l
Glides: j w
Vowel system: i ɨ u e o a
Front Vowels: i e
Central Vowels: ɨ a
Back Vowels: u o
Long Vowels: v̄ all
Noun Number: s p
Articles: def
Pronouns: 1 4die 4ie 2 5d 5 3 6d 6
Syntax: SVO AN NG DN NUM-N N-POSS
Prep/Post: POST
Number: 4963
Language: Gabrielino
Location: S California
Population: extinct
Classification: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Takic
Number: 4964
Language: Kitanemuk
Classification: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Takic
Number: 4965
Language: Serrano
Location: California
Population: 3
Classification: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Takic
Other Sources: SUAG I UACS WPF
Consonant system: p t k kʷ q ʔ ts ṭs s ṣ š x h v ß ð m n ŋ (l)
Stops: p t k kʷ q ʔ
Affricates: ts ṭs
Fricatives: v ð s ṣ š x h
Nasals: m n ŋ
Laterals: (l)
Glides: j j̥ w w̥
Vowel system: i ɨ u e ø a
Front Vowels: i e ø
Central Vowels: ɨ a
Back Vowels: u
Long Vowels: v̄
Noun Number: s p
Syntax: SOV AN/NA GN DN POSS-N D+A+N
Prep/Post: POST
Number: 4966
Language: Luiseño
Location: S California
Population: 150
Classification: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Takic
Dictionary: Bright, William. 1968. A Luiseño Dictionary. UCPL 51.
Grammar: Kroeber, A. L. and George William Grace. 1960. The Sparkman Grammar of Luiseño. UCPL 16.
TextBooks: Hyde, Villiana. 1971. An Introduction to the Luiseño Language. Banning, CA: Malki Museum Press.
Other Sources: Malécot, André, 1963. "Luiseño, A Structural Analysis I-II," IJAL 29, 89-95 & 196-210. Bright, William. 1965. "Luiseño Phonemics," IJAL 31, 342-5. Dabis, John F. 1976. "Some Notes on Luiseño Phonology," IJAL 42, 192-216.
Consonant system: p t k kʷ q qʷ ʔ č (f) s ṣ š x xʷ h v ð m n ŋ l ɾ
Stops: p t k kʷ q qʷ ʔ
Affricates: č
Fricatives: (f) v ð s ṣ š x xʷ h
Nasals: m n ŋ
Laterals: l
Vibrants: ɾ
Glides: j w
Front Vowels: I ɛ
Central Vowels: a
Back Vowels: ʋ ɔ
Long Vowels: ī ē ā ū ō
Syllable: CV(C)(C)
Stress: phonemic
Noun Number: s p
Demonstratives: 3 + ref
Pronouns: 1 4 2 5 *3 *6 + indef
Syntax: SOV AN/NA GN DN NUM-N POSS-N D+Num+N
Prep/Post: POST
Number: 4967
Language: Cahuilla
Location: S California
Population: 12
Classification: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Takic
Other Sources: Bright, William. 1965. "The History of the Cahuilla Sound System," IJAL 31, 241-4.
Consonant system: p t̪ k q qʷ ʔ č s š x xʷ h v (ð) (ɣ) m n̪ ñ ŋ l̪ ʎ (ɾ)
Stops: p t̪ k q qʷ ʔ
Affricates: č
Fricatives: v (ð) s š x (ɣ) xʷ h
Nasals: m n̪ ñ ŋ
Laterals: l̪ ʎ
Vibrants: (ɾ)
Glides: j w
Front Vowels: i e
Central Vowels: a
Back Vowels: u
Long Vowels: ī ē ā ū ō
Stress: phonemic
Noun Number: s p
Demonstratives: 2
Syntax: SOV AN GN DN POSS-N
Noun Incorporation: noun incorp
Prep/Post: POST
Number: 4968
Language: Cupeño
Location: California
Population: 10
Classification: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Takic
Other Sources: Hill, Jane H. and Rosinda Nolasquez, eds. 1973. Mulu'wetam: The First People. Cupeño Oral History and Language. Banning, CA: Malki Museum Press.
Consonant system: p t k kʷ q qʷ ʔ č (f) s ṣ̌ š x xʷ h v (ð) (ɣ) m n ñ ŋ l ʎ ɾ
Stops: p t k kʷ q qʷ ʔ
Affricates: č
Fricatives: (f) v (ð) s ṣ̌ š x (ɣ) xʷ h
Nasals: m n ñ ŋ
Laterals: l ʎ
Vibrants: ɾ
Glides: j w
Vowel system: i u e ǝ (o) a
Front Vowels: i e
Central Vowels: ǝ a
Back Vowels: u (o)
Long Vowels: ī (ē) ā ū (ō) ǝ̄
Noun Number: s p
Demonstratives: 2: this/that + ref
Articles: def
Syntax: SOV NA GN DN N-NUM POSS-N N+Num+A
Prep/Post: POST
Number: 4969
Language: Hopi
Location: NE Arizona
Population: 4,800
Classification: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Hopi
Grammar: Whorf, Benjamin Lee. 1946. "The Hopi Language, Toreva Dialect," in LSNA, 158-83.
Other Sources: Kennard, Edward A. 1963. "Linguistic Acculturation in Hopi," IJAL 29, 36-41. Malotki, Ekkehart. 1979. Hopi-Raum. Tübingen: Gunter Narr. UACS
Consonant system: p t k q ʔ ts s h v m n ŋ l r
Stops: p t k q ʔ
Affricates: ts
Fricatives: v s h
Nasals: m n ŋ
Laterals: l
Vibrants: r
Modified Consonants: cj k ŋ cʷ k q ŋ
Glides: j w
Vowel system: i ɨ e ø o a
Front Vowels: i e ø
Central Vowels: ɨ a
Back Vowels: o
Long Vowels: vˑ (half-long) all? v̄ (long) all?
Syllable: CV(C)
Stress: phonemic
Noun Number: s d p
Syntax: SOV AN GN DN NUM-N POSS-N(1,2,4,5)/N-POSS(3,6) D+Num+N
Noun Incorporation: noun incorp
Prep/Post: POST
Number: 4970
Language: Pima
Alternate Name: Tohono O'odham
Dialect: Papago, Nevome
Location: S Arizona
Population: 20,000
Classification: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Pimic
Dictionary: Saxton, Dean and Lucille Saxton. 1969. Dictionary: Papago & Pima to English, English to Papago & Pima. Tucson: Univ of Arizona Press.
Grammar: Mason, J. Alden. 1950. The Language of the Papago of Arizona. Philadelphia: The Univ Museum, Univ of Pennsylvania.
Other Sources: Saxton, Dean. 1963. "Papago Phonemes," IJAL 29, 29-35. Hale, Kenneth. 1965. "Some Preliminary Observations on Papago Morphophonemics," IJAL 31, 295-305. Alvarez, Albert and Kenneth Hale. 1970. "Toward a Manual of Papago Grammar: Some Phonological Terms," IJAL 36, 83-97.
Consonant system: p t̪ k ʔ b d̪ ḍ ɡ č ɡ̌ s ṣ̌ h m n̪ ñ ľ
Stops: p b t̪ d̪ ḍ k ɡ ʔ
Affricates: č ɡ̌
Fricatives: s ṣ̌ h
Nasals: m n̪ ñ
Laterals: ľ
Glides: j w
Front Vowels: i
Central Vowels: ɨ a
Back Vowels: u ɔ
Long Vowels: v̄ all
Stress: initial
Noun Number: s p
Demonstratives: 2
Articles: def
Syntax: SOC AN GN/NG DN NUM-N POSS-N(1,2,4,5,6)/N-POSS(3) D+Num+A+N
Noun Incorporation: noun incorp
Prep/Post: PREP/POST
Number: 4971
Language: Pima Bajo
Location: Mexico (SE Sonora)
Population: 2,500
Classification: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Pimic
Grammar: Smith, Buckingham, ed. 1862. Arte de la Lengua Névome. New York: Cramoisy.
Other Sources: Escalante Hernandez, Roberto. 1962. "El pima bajo," Anales del Instituto Nacional de Antropologı́a e Historia (Mexico City), 349-52.
Consonant system: p t k ʔ b d ɡ č s š h m n l ɾ
Stops: p b t d k ɡ ʔ
Affricates: č
Fricatives: s š h
Nasals: m n
Laterals: l
Vibrants: ɾ
Glides: j w
Vowel system: i ɨ u e o a
Front Vowels: i e
Central Vowels: ɨ a
Back Vowels: u o
Long Vowels: v̄
Stress: phonemic
Noun Number: s p
Demonstratives: 2
Syntax: SOV AN GN POSS-N
Prep/Post: POST
Number: 4972
Language: Tepecano
Location: Mexico (NE Jalisco)
Population: extinct
Classification: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Pimic
Other Sources: Mason, J. Alden. 1918. "Tepecano Prayers," IJAL 1, 91-153. SUAG I.
Consonant system: p t k ʔ b d ɡ (ts ) (č) s š h v m n (ŋ) (l) ɾ
Stops: p b t d k ɡ ʔ
Affricates: (ts ) (č)
Fricatives: v s š h
Nasals: m n (ŋ)
Laterals: (l)
Vibrants: ɾ
Modified Consonants: c̥ v m n ɾ w
Glides: j w
Vowel system: i u (ɛ) ǝ o a
Front Vowels: i (ɛ)
Central Vowels: ǝ a
Back Vowels: u o
Articles: art
Syntax: SVO AN NG DN NUM-N POSS-N(1,2,4,5,6)/N-POSS(3) D+Num+A+N
Prep/Post: POST
Number: 4973
Language: Northern Tepehuan
Location: Mexico (SW Chihuahua)
Population: 1,800
Classification: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Pimic
Other Sources: Woo, Nancy. 1970. "Tone in Northern Tepehuan," IJAL 36, 18-30. UACS WALS
Consonant system: p t tj k b d dj ɡ č s š x v m n ñ (l) (ɾ) r
Stops: p b t d tj dj k ɡ
Affricates: č
Fricatives: v s š x
Nasals: m n ñ
Laterals: (l)
Vibrants: (ɾ) r
Glides: j w
Vowel system: i ɨ u (e) o a
Front Vowels: i (e)
Central Vowels: ɨ a
Back Vowels: u o
Long Vowels: v̄ all
Tones: hi lo
Noun Number: s p
Syntax: VSO POSS-N(1)/N-POSS(3)
Prep/Post: POST
Number: 4974
Language: Southern Tepehuan
Location: Mexico
Population: 1,800
Classification: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Pimic
Other Sources: UACS SUAG I E
Consonant system: p t k ʔ b d ɡ v s h m n l ɬ r
Stops: p b t d k ɡ ʔ
Fricatives: v s h
Nasals: m n
Laterals: l ɬ
Vibrants: r
Glides: j w
Vowel system: i ɨ u e o a
Front Vowels: i e
Central Vowels: ɨ a
Back Vowels: u o
Long Vowels: v̄
Stress: phonemic
Syntax: VSO/VOS NA NUM-N POSS-N(1,2,4,5,6)/N-POSS(3)
Number: 4975
Language: Tubar
Location: NW Mexico
Population: extinct
Classification: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Taracahitic
Number: 4976
Language: Tarahumara
Location: NC Mexico (Chihuahua)
Population: 55,000
Classification: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Taracahitic
Dictionary: Hilton, K. Simón. 1959. Vocabulario tarahumara. Mexico City: SIL.
Grammar: Lionnet, Andrés. 1972. Los elementos de la lengua tarahumara. Mexico City: Universidad Nacional Antóonoma de México.
Other Sources: Burgess, Don. 1979. "Verbal Suffixes of Prominence in Western Tarahumara Narrative Discourse,' in DSML, 171-88.
Consonant system: p t̪ k ʔ b ɡ ts s x m n̪ l ɾ
Stops: p b t̪ k ɡ ʔ
Affricates: ts
Fricatives: s x
Nasals: m n̪
Laterals: l
Vibrants: ɾ
Glides: j w
Front Vowels: i e
Central Vowels: a
Back Vowels: u o
Long Vowels: v̄ all
Syllable: (C)V
Stress: phonemic
Noun Number: s p
Articles: def
Syntax: SOV AN GN DN NUM-N POSS-N
Prep/Post: POST
Number: 4977
Language: Guarijı́o
Alternate Name: Huarijio
Location: NW Mexico
Classification: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Taracahitic
Other Sources: E
Syntax: OVS
Number: 4978
Language: Yaqui
Dialect: Arizona
Location: Arizona
Population: 15,000
Classification: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Taracahitic
Other Sources: Fraenkel, Gerd. 1959. "Yaqui Phonemics," AL 1:5, 7-18. Crumrine, Lynne S. 1961. The Phonology of Arizona Yaqui, with Texts. Tucson: Univ of Arizona Press. Lindenfeld, Jacqueline. 1973. Yaqui Syntax. UCPL 76.
Consonant system: p t k ʔ (d) (ɡ) č (f) s h β m n l ɾ
Stops: p t (d) k (ɡ) ʔ
Affricates: č
Fricatives: β (f) s h
Nasals: m n
Laterals: l
Vibrants: ɾ
Glides: j w
Front Vowels: i e
Central Vowels: a
Back Vowels: u o
Stress: phonemic (but mostly on second syllable)
Noun Number: s p
Demonstratives: 3
Syntax: SOV AN GN DN NUM-N POSS-N D+Num+A+N
Prep/Post: POST
Number: 4979
Language: Yaqui
Dialect: Mayo
Location: NW Mexico (Sonora)
Population: 15,000
Classification: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Taracahitic
Dictionary: Collard, Howard and Elisabeth Scott Collard. 1962. Vocabulario mayo. Mexico City: SIL.
Other Sources: UACS
Consonant system: p t k ʔ b bʷ č s x ɣʷ m n l ɾ
Stops: p b bʷ t k ʔ
Affricates: č
Fricatives: s x ɣʷ
Nasals: m n
Laterals: l
Vibrants: ɾ
Glides: j w
Front Vowels: i e
Central Vowels: a
Back Vowels: u o
Long Vowels: v̄ all
Stress: phonemic
Noun Number: s p
Syntax: SOV GN
Prep/Post: POST
Number: 4980
Language: Opata
Dialect: Eudeve
Location: NW Mexico
Population: extinct
Classification: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Taracahitic
Other Sources: WALS
Syntax: SOV
typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-grammar,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-affricates,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-vibrants,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-diphthongs,typology-stress,typology-nounnumber,typology-gender,typology-demonstrat,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-dictionary,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-affricates,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-nounnumber,typology-articles,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-language,typology-classifica,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-affricates,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-nounnumber,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-dictionary,typology-grammar,typology-textbooks,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-affricates,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-vibrants,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-syllable,typology-stress,typology-nounnumber,typology-demonstrat,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-affricates,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-vibrants,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-stress,typology-nounnumber,typology-demonstrat,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-nounincorp,typology-preppost,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-affricates,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-vibrants,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-nounnumber,typology-demonstrat,typology-articles,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-grammar,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-affricates,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-vibrants,typology-modifiedco,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-syllable,typology-stress,typology-nounnumber,typology-syntax,typology-nounincorp,typology-preppost,typology-language,typology-alternaten,typology-dialect,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-dictionary,typology-grammar,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-affricates,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-stress,typology-nounnumber,typology-demonstrat,typology-articles,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-nounincorp,typology-preppost,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-grammar,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-affricates,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-vibrants,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-stress,typology-nounnumber,typology-demonstrat,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-affricates,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-vibrants,typology-modifiedco,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-articles,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-affricates,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-vibrants,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-tones,typology-nounnumber,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-vibrants,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-stress,typology-syntax,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-dictionary,typology-grammar,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-affricates,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-vibrants,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-syllable,typology-stress,typology-nounnumber,typology-articles,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,typology-language,typology-alternaten,typology-location,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-syntax,typology-language,typology-dialect,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-affricates,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-vibrants,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-stress,typology-nounnumber,typology-demonstrat,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,typology-language,typology-dialect,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-dictionary,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-affricates,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-vibrants,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-stress,typology-nounnumber,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,typology-language,typology-dialect,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-syntax,
Total of 5736 records 287 pages
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