Типологическая база данных : Результат запроса

NUMBER: 21

LANGUAGE: Ganade

LOCATION: South Africa

CLASSIFICA: Khoisan: Central: Tshu-Khwe: North-Central

CONSONANTS:

SYNTAX: SOV

NUMBER: 22

LANGUAGE: Shua

DIALECT: Cara

LOCATION: NE Botswana

POPULATION: 6,000

CLASSIFICA: Khoisan: Central: Tshu-Khwe: North-Central

GRAMMAR: DKS

OTHERSOURC: CBH

CONSONANTS:

   p t t^h t^ʔ t^x c c^h c^ʔ c^x k k^h k^ʔ q ʔ
b d ɟ ɡ ^ŋɡ
    t^s t^sh t^sʔ t^sx
    d^z
    s x h
m n ñ ŋ

STOPS: p b t t^h t^ʔ t^x d c c^h c^ʔ c^x ɟ k k^h k^ʔ ɡ ^ŋɡ q ʔ

AFFRICATES: t^s t^sh t^sʔ t^sx d^z

FRICATIVES: s x h

NASALS: m n ñ ŋ

CLICKS:

/ ɡ/ n/ ɡ/n q/ /^x /^h /^ʔ
ǂ^ʔ
! ɡ!n !^h
|| ɡ|| n|| ɡ||n ||^x ||^h ||^ʔ

GLIDES: j ^ʔj (w)

VOWELS:

i u
e o
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u o

NASALVOWEL: ı̃ ã ũ

DIPHTHONGS:

ai ae ao au oe oa ui ue ua
ãı̃ ãũ õã ũı̃

TONES: hi-lev lo-lev hi-fall lo-ris

PRONOUNS:

1 4dmfc 4mfc
2mf 5dmfc 5mfc
3mfn 6dmfc 6mfc

SYNTAX: SOV

NUMBER: 23

LANGUAGE: Shua

DIALECT: /Xaise

LOCATION: NE Botswana

POPULATION: 6,000

CLASSIFICA: Khoisan: Central: Tshu-Khwe: North-Central

GRAMMAR: DKS

OTHERSOURC: CBH

CONSONANTS:

   p t t^h t^ʔ c c^h c^ʔ c^x k k^h k^ʔ ʔ
b d d^j ɟ ^ñɟ ɡ ^ŋɡ
    t^s t^sh t^sʔ t^sx
    d^z
    s x h
m n ñ ŋ

STOPS: p b t t^h t^ʔ d c c^h c^ʔ c^x ɟ k k^h k^ʔ ɡ ^ŋɡ ʔ

AFFRICATES: t^s t^sh t^sʔ t^sx d^z

FRICATIVES: s x h

NASALS: m n ñ ŋ

CLICKS:

/ ɡ/ n/ ɡ/n /^x /^h /^ʔ
!^h !^ʔ
|| ɡ|| n|| ɡ||n ||^x ||^h ||^ʔ

GLIDES: j ^ʔj

VOWELS:

i u
e o
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u o

NASALVOWEL: ı̃ ã ũ

DIPHTHONGS:

ai ae ao au oi oe oa ui ua
ãı̃ ãũ õã ũı̃

TONES: hi-lev lo-lev hi-fall lo-ris

PRONOUNS:

1 4dmfc 4mfc
2mf 5dmfc 5mfc
3mf 6dmfc 6mfc

SYNTAX: SOV

NUMBER: 24

LANGUAGE: Danisin

ALTERNATEN: Danisi

LOCATION: NE Botswana

POPULATION: 100

CLASSIFICA: Khoisan: Central: Tshu-Khwe: North-Central

GRAMMAR: DKS

OTHERSOURC: CBH

CONSONANTS:

   p t t^h t^ʔ t^x c c^h c^ʔ c^x k k^h q ʔ
b d d^j ⁿd^j ɡ ^ŋɡ
    t^s t^sh t^sʔ t^sx k^xʔ d^z
    s x h
    ɣ
m n ñ ŋ

STOPS: p b t t^h t^ʔ t^x d d^j ⁿd^j c c^h c^ʔ c^x k k^h ɡ ^ŋɡ q ʔ

AFFRICATES: t^s t^sh t^sʔ t^sx d^z k^xʔ

FRICATIVES: s x ɣ h

NASALS: m n ñ ŋ

CLICKS:

/ ɡ/ n/ ɡ/n q/ /^x /^xʔ /^h /^ʔ n/^x
qǂ
! ɡ! !^x !^ʔ
|| ɡ|| n|| ɡ||n q|| ||^x ɡ||^x ||^xʔ ||^h ||^ʔ n||^x
[n/x = prenasalized]

GLIDES: j ^ʔj w

VOWELS:

i u
e o
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u o

NASALVOWEL: ı̃ ã ũ

DIPHTHONGS:

ai ae ao au oe oa ui ue ua
ãı̃ ãũ õã ũı̃

TONES: hi-lev lo-lev hi-fall lo-ris

PRONOUNS:

1 4dmfc 4mfc
2mf 5dmfc 5mfc
3mf 6dmfc 6mfc

SYNTAX: SOV

NUMBER: 25

LANGUAGE: Deti

LOCATION: NE Botswana

POPULATION: 6,000

CLASSIFICA: Khoisan: Central: Tshu-Khwe: Central

GRAMMAR: DKS

OTHERSOURC: CBH

CONSONANTS:

   p t t^h c c^h c^ʔ c^x k k^h k^ʔ ʔ
b d ɡ ^ŋɡ
    t^s t^sh t^sʔ t^sx
    d^z
    s x h
m n ñ ŋ

STOPS: p b t t^h d c c^h c^ʔ c^x k k^h k^ʔ ɡ ^ŋɡ ʔ

AFFRICATES: t^s t^sh t^sʔ t^sx d^z

FRICATIVES: s x h

NASALS: m n ñ ŋ

CLICKS:

/ ɡ/ n/ ɡ/n /^x /^h /^ʔ
|| ɡ|| n|| ɡ||n ||^x ||^h ||^ʔ

GLIDES: j ^ʔj (w)

VOWELS:

i u
e o
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u o

NASALVOWEL: ı̃ ã ũ

DIPHTHONGS:

ai ae ao au oe oa ui ue ua
ãı̃ ãũ õã ũı̃

TONES: hi-lev lo-lev hi-fall lo-ris

DEMONSTRAT: 2

PRONOUNS:

1 4dmfc 4mfc
2mf 5dmfc 5mfc
3mf 6dmfc 6mfc
c=common

SYNTAX: SOV

NUMBER: 26

LANGUAGE: Kxoe

LOCATION: NE Namibia

POPULATION: 10,000

CLASSIFICA: Khoisan: Central: Tshu-Khwe: Central

GRAMMAR:

Köhler, Oswin. 1981. "Les langues khoisan," in Les langues dans le monde ancien et moderne, ed. by Jean Perrot, Paris, Éditions du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 455-615.
DKS

CONSONANTS:

p p^h t t^h t^ʔ k q ʔ
b d ɡ ^ŋɡ
t^sʔ t^x č č^x k^x k^xʔɡ̌ ç h
m n ñ ŋ

STOPS: p p^h b t t^h t^ʔ d k ɡ ^ŋɡ q ʔ

AFFRICATES: t^sʔ t^x č č^x ɡ̌ k^x k^xʔ

FRICATIVES: ç h

NASALS: m n ñ ŋ

CLICKS:

/ /^h /^x ɡ/ ɡ/n /^xʔ n/ /^ʔq/ǂ ǂ^h ǂ^x ɡǂ ɡǂn ǂ^xʔ nǂ ǂ^ʔqǂ! !^h !^x ɡ! ɡ!n !^xʔ n! !^ʔ q!|| ||^h ||^x ɡ|| ɡ||n ||^xʔ n|| ||^ʔ q||

VOWELS:

i u
e o
ɛ
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e ɛ

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u o

NASALVOWEL: ı̃ ã ũ

DIPHTHONGS:

ei eu ae ao oe oɛ oa ui ue uɛ ua
ãı̃ ãũ õã ũı̃

SYLLABLE: (C)V(N)

TONES: hi hi-fall-mid hi-fall-lo mid-ris-hi₁ mid-ris-hi₂lo-ris₁ lo-ris₂

NOUNNUMBER: s d p

GENDER: m f n

PRONOUNS:

1 4dmfc 4mfc
2mf 5dmfc 5mfc
3mfn 6dmfc 6mfc

SYNTAX: SOV AN GN DN NUM-N POSS-N

PREPPOST: POST

NUMBER: 27

LANGUAGE: Buka

ALTERNATEN: Buga

DIALECT: ?dialect of Kxoe

LOCATION: NE Namibia

CLASSIFICA: Khoisan: Central: Tshu-Khwe: Northwest

GRAMMAR: DKS

OTHERSOURC:

CBH
WPF

CONSONANTS:

   p t t^h t^ʔ t^x k k^h
b (^mb) d (ⁿd) ɡ ^ŋɡ
    t^s t^sh t^sʔ t^sx k^xʔ d^z
    s x h
m (n) (ñ) ŋ

STOPS: p b (^mb) t t^h t^ʔ t^x d (ⁿd) k k^h ɡ ^ŋɡ

AFFRICATES: t^s t^sh t^sʔ t^sx d^z k^xʔ

FRICATIVES: s x h

NASALS: m (n) (ñ) ŋ

CLICKS:

/ /^h /^x ɡ/ n/n /^xʔ n/ /^ʔq/ǂ ǂ^h ǂ^x ɡǂ nǂn ǂ^xʔ nǂ ǂ^ʔqǂ! !^h !^x ɡ! n!n !^xʔ n! !^ʔ q!|| ||^h ||^x ɡ|| n||n ||^xʔ n|| ||^ʔ q||
n/n = voiced nasal

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

i u
e o
ɛ
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e ɛ

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u o

NASALVOWEL: ı̃ ã ũ

DIPHTHONGS:

ai ae ao au oe oɛ oa ui ue uɛ ua uo
ãı̃ ãũ õã ũı̃

TONES: hi-lev hi-fall lo-ris lo-lev

PRONOUNS:

1mf 4dmfc 4mfc
2mf 5dmfc 5mfc
3mf 6dmfc 6mfc

SYNTAX: SOV

NUMBER: 28

LANGUAGE: Handa

ALTERNATEN: /Anda

LOCATION: NE Namibia

CLASSIFICA: Khoisan: Central: Tshu-Khwe: Northwest

GRAMMAR: DKS

OTHERSOURC: CBH

CONSONANTS:

   p (^mp^h) t t^h t^ʔ t^x k k^h
b (^mb) d (ⁿd) ɡ ^ŋɡ
    t^s t^sh t^sʔ t^sx k^xʔ d^z
    s x h
m (n) (ñ) ŋ

STOPS: p (^mp^h) b (^mb) t t^h t^ʔ t^x d (ⁿd) k k^h ɡ ^ŋɡ

AFFRICATES: t^s t^sh t^sʔ t^sx d^z k^xʔ

FRICATIVES: s x h

NASALS: m (n) (ñ) ŋ

CLICKS:

/ ɡ/ n / n/n q/ /^x /^xʔ /^h /^ʔ
! ɡ! n! n!n q! !^x !^xʔ !^h !^ʔ
|| ɡ|| n|| n||n q|| ||^x ||^xʔ ||^h ||^ʔ
ǂ ɡǂ nǂ nǂn qǂ ǂ^x ǂ^xʔ ǂ^h ǂ^ʔ

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

i u
e o
ɛ
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e ɛ

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u o

NASALVOWEL: ı̃ ã ũ

DIPHTHONGS:

ai ae ao au ɛu oe oɛ oa ui ue uɛ
ãı̃ ãũ õã ũı̃ ũã

TONES: hi-lev hi-fall lo-ris lo-lev

PRONOUNS:

1 4dmfc 4mfc
2mf 5dmfc 5mfc
3mf 6dmfc 6mfc
c=common

SYNTAX: SOV

NUMBER: 29

LANGUAGE: Xû

ALTERNATEN: Kxoe

DIALECT: ||Ani

LOCATION: Angola

CLASSIFICA: Khoisan: Central: Tshu-Khwe: Northwest

GRAMMAR: DKS

OTHERSOURC:

Vossen, Rainer. 1986. "Zur Phonologie der ||Ani-Sprache," in Contemporary Studies on Khoisan 2, ed. by Rainer Vossen and Klaus Keuthmann, Hamburg, Helmut Buske, 321-45.
CBH

CONSONANTS:

   p t̪ t̪^h t̪^ʔ t̪^x k k^h q ʔ
b d̪ d̪^x ɡ
    t^s t^sh t^sʔ t^sx k^xʔ d^z d^zx
    s x h
    ɣ
m n ŋ

STOPS: p b t̪ t̪^h t̪^ʔ t̪^x d̪ d^x k k^h ɡ q ʔ

AFFRICATES: t^s t^sh t^sʔ t^sx d^z d^zx k^xʔ

FRICATIVES: s x ɣ h

NASALS: m n ŋ

CLICKS:

/ ɡ/ n/ ɡ/n q/ /^x /^xʔ /^h /^ʔ n/^x
! ɡ! n! ɡ!n q! !^x !^xʔ !^h !^ʔ n!^x
|| ɡ|| n|| ɡ||n q|| ||^x ɡ||^x ||^xʔ ||^h ||^ʔ n||^x
ǂ ɡǂ nǂ ɡǂn qǂ ǂ^x ǂ^xʔ ǂ^h ǂ^ʔ nǂ^x

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

i u
e o
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u o

NASALVOWEL: ı̃ ã ũ

DIPHTHONGS:

ae ai ao au oa oe oɛ ua ue uɛ
ãı̃ ãũ õã ũã ũı̃

TONES: hi-lev hi-fall lo-ris lo-lev

DEMONSTRAT: 2

PRONOUNS:

1 4dmfc 4mfc
2mf 5dmfc 5mfc
3mf 6dmfc 6mfc

SYNTAX: SOV POSS-N

NUMBER: 30

LANGUAGE: G||ana

ALTERNATEN: ||Ana

LOCATION: W Botswana

POPULATION: 2,000

CLASSIFICA: Khoisan: Central: Tshu-Khwe: Northwest

DICTIONARY: Tanaka, Jiro. 1978. A San Vocabulary of the Central Kalahari. Tokyo: Institute for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa.

GRAMMAR: DKS

CONSONANTS:

   p t t^h t^ʔ k k^h k^ʔ q ʔ
b d ɡ
    t^s t^sh t^sx t^sʔ k^x k^xʔ
    d^z
    s x h
m n

STOPS: p b t t^h t^ʔ d k k^h k^ʔ ɡ q ʔ

AFFRICATES: t^s t^sh t^sx t^sʔ d^z k^x k^xʔ

FRICATIVES: s x h

NASALS: m n

CLICKS:

/ ɡ/ n/ ɡ/n q/ /^x /^xʔ /^h /^ʔ
ǂ ɡǂ nǂ ɡǂn qǂ ǂ^x ǂ^xʔ ǂ^h ǂ^ʔ
! ɡ! n! ɡ!n q! !^x !^xʔ !^h !^ʔ
|| ɡ|| n|| ɡ||n q|| ||^x ||^xʔ ||^h ||^ʔ

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

i u
e o
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u o

NASALVOWEL: ã ũ

MODIFIEDVO: a^ɒ o^ɒ

DIPHTHONGS:

ai ae ao au oe ui ue ua
ãı̃ ãũ õã ũı̃
ai^ɒ oa^ɒ a^ɒo o^ɒi o^ɒa
[oa^ɒ=pharyngealized; o^ɒa=partially pharyngealized]

TONES: hi-lev lo-lev hi-fall lo-ris

NOUNNUMBER: s p

GENDER: m f

DEMONSTRAT: 2

PRONOUNS:

1 4dmfc 4mfc
2mf 5dmfc 5mfc
3mf 6dmfc 6mfc
c=common

SYNTAX: SOV AN

PREPPOST: POST

NUMBER: 31

LANGUAGE: G||ana

ALTERNATEN: ǂHaba

LOCATION: W Botswana

CLASSIFICA: Khoisan: Central: Tshu-Khwe: Northwest

DICTIONARY: Tanaka, Jiro. 1978. A San Vocabulary of the Central Kalahari. Tokyo: Institute for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa.

GRAMMAR: DKS

CONSONANTS:

   p t t^h t^x k k^h k^ʔ q ʔ
b d ɡ ^ŋɡ
    t^s t^sh t^sx t^sʔ k^xʔ
    d^z
    s x h
m n ñ ŋ

STOPS: p b t t^h t^x d k k^h k^ʔ ɡ ^ŋɡ q ʔ

AFFRICATES: t^s t^sh t^sx t^sʔ d^z k^xʔ

FRICATIVES: s x h

NASALS: m n ñ ŋ

CLICKS:

/ ɡ/ n/ ɡ/n /^x /^xʔ /^h /^ʔ
ǂ ɡǂ nǂ ɡǂn ǂ^x ǂ^xʔ ǂ^h ǂ^ʔ
! ɡ! n! ɡ!n !^x !^xʔ !^h !^ʔ
|| ɡ|| n|| ɡ||n ||^x ||^xʔ ||^h ||^ʔ

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

i u
e o
ɛ
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e ɛ

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u o

NASALVOWEL: ı̃ ã ũ

MODIFIEDVO:

i^ɒa^ɒ u^ɒ o^ɒ
ã^ɒ ũ^ɒ

DIPHTHONGS:

ai ae ao au oe oɛ oa ui ue ua
ãı̃ ãũ õã ũı̃
ai^ɒ ae^ɒ au^ɒoa^ɒ ui^ɒ ue^ɒ ãı̃^ɒ ũı̃^ɒ

TONES: hi-lev lo-lev hi-fall lo-ris

NOUNNUMBER: s p

GENDER: m f

DEMONSTRAT: 2

PRONOUNS:

1 4dmfc 4mfc
2mf 5dmfc 5mfc
3mf 6dmfc 6mfc
c=common

SYNTAX: SOV AN

PREPPOST: POST

NUMBER: 32

LANGUAGE: G/wi

LOCATION: W Botswana

POPULATION: 2,500

CLASSIFICA: Khoisan: Central: Tshu-Khwe: Southwest

DICTIONARY: Tanaka, Jiro. 1978. A San Vocabulary of the Central Kalahari. Tokyo: Institute for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa.

GRAMMAR: DKS

CONSONANTS:

   p t t^h t^x t^ʔ k k^h k^ʔ q ʔ
b d ɡ
    t^s t^sh t^sx t^sʔ k^x k^xʔ
    d^z
    s x h
m n ŋ

STOPS: p b t t^h t^x t^ʔ d k k^h k^ʔ ɡ q ʔ

AFFRICATES: t^s t^sh t^sx t^sʔ d^z k^x k^xʔ

FRICATIVES: s x h

NASALS: m n ŋ

CLICKS:

/ ɡ/ n/ ɡ/n q/ /^x /^xʔ /^h /^ʔ
ǂ ɡǂ nǂ ɡǂn qǂ ǂ^x ǂ^xʔ ǂ^h ǂ^ʔ
! ɡ! n! ɡ!n q! !^x !^xʔ !^h !^ʔ
|| ɡ|| n|| ɡ||n q|| ||^x ||^xʔ ||^h ||^ʔ

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

i u
e o
ɛ
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u o

NASALVOWEL: ã ũ

MODIFIEDVO: e^ɒ a^ɒ o^ɒ

DIPHTHONGS:

ai ae ao au ei oe oa ui ue ua
ãı̃ ãũ õã ũı̃
o^ɒi õã^ɒ
[oa^ɒ=pharyngealized; o^ɒa=partially pharyngealized]

TONES: hi-lev lo-lev hi-fall lo-ris

NOUNNUMBER: s p

GENDER: m f

DEMONSTRAT: 2

PRONOUNS:

1 4dmfc 4mfc
2mf 5dmfc 5mfc
3mf 6dmfc 6mfc
c=common

SYNTAX: SOV AN

PREPPOST: POST

NUMBER: 33

LANGUAGE: Naron

ALTERNATEN: Naro

LOCATION: W Botswana

POPULATION: 14,000

CLASSIFICA: Khoisan: Central: Tshu-Khwe: Southwest

GRAMMAR: DKS

OTHERSOURC:

CBH
NBL

CONSONANTS:

   p t t^h t^x k k^h q ʔ
b d ɡ
    t^s t^sh t^sʔ t^sx k^xʔ d^z
    s x h
m (n)

STOPS: p b t t^h t^x d k k^h ɡ q ʔ

AFFRICATES: t^s t^sh t^sʔ t^sx d^z k^xʔ

FRICATIVES: s x h

NASALS: m (n)

CLICKS:

/ ɡ/ n/ ɡ/n /^x /^xʔ /^h /^ʔ
! ɡ! n! ɡ!n !^x !^xʔ !^h !^ʔ
|| ɡ|| n|| ɡ||n ||^x ||^xʔ ||^h ||^ʔ
ǂ ɡǂ nǂ ɡǂn ǂ^x ǂ^xʔ ǂ^h ǂ^ʔ

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

i u
e o
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u o

NASALVOWEL:

ã ũ
ã^ɒ ũ^ɒ

MODIFIEDVO: v^ɒ (pharynɡealized) all

DIPHTHONGS:

ai ae ao au (ei) ɛi oe oa ui ue
ãı̃ ãũ õã
ai^ɒ ae^ɒ au^ɒ oa^ɒ ui^ɒ ua^ɒ a^ɒo (partially pharyngealized)
o^ɒa ãı̃^ɒ ãũ^ɒ

TONES: lo-lev hi-lev hi-fall lo-ris

PRONOUNS:

1 4dmfc 4mfc
2mf 5dmfc 5mfc
3mf 6dmfc 6mfc

SYNTAX: SOV

NUMBER: 34

LANGUAGE: G||ani

LOCATION: Namibia

CLASSIFICA: Khoisan: Central: Tshu-Khwe: Southwest

CONSONANTS:

SYNTAX: SOV

NUMBER: 35

LANGUAGE: N/hain.tse

LOCATION: Botswana

CLASSIFICA: Khoisan: Central: Tshu-Khwe: Southwest

OTHERSOURC: CBH

CONSONANTS:

PRONOUNS:

1mf 4dmfc 4mfc
2mf 5dmfc 5mfc
3mfn 6dmfc 6mfc

SYNTAX: SOV

NUMBER: 36

LANGUAGE: !Ô

LOCATION: Botswana

CLASSIFICA: Khoisan: Southern: Ta'a

CONSONANTS:

SYNTAX: SVO

NUMBER: 37

LANGUAGE: ǂHû

ALTERNATEN: ǂHua

LOCATION: W Botswana

POPULATION: 1,000

CLASSIFICA: Khoisan: Southern: Ta'a

TEXTBOOKS: Maingard, L. F. 1958. "Three Bushman Languages," African Studies 16: 37-71.

OTHERSOURC:

Traill, A. 1974. "Agreement Systems in !xõ," Limi 2:2, 12-27.
CBH

CONSONANTS:

   (p) t k ʔ
   b d ɡ
    t^sʔ č^ʔ k^xʔ d^z
    s š x h
β
m n ñ ŋ
    l
    ɾ̣

STOPS: (p) b t d k ɡ ʔ

AFFRICATES: t^sʔ d^z č^ʔ k^xʔ

FRICATIVES: β s š x h

NASALS: m n ñ ŋ

LATERALS: l

VIBRANTS: ɾ̣

CLICKS:

ʘ ʘ^h ʘ^ʔ ɡʘ ʘ^x nʘ
/ /^h /^ʔ ɡ/ /^x /^xʔn/
! !^h !^ʔɡ! !^x !^xʔ n!
|| ||^h ||^ʔɡ|| ||^x ||^xʔ n||
ǂ ǂ^h ǂ^ʔɡǂ nǂ

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

i u
e o
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u o

LONGVOWELS: v̄

NASALVOWEL:

ṽ
v̄̃

TONES: tones

PRONOUNS:

1 4
2 5
3 6

SYNTAX: SVO NA GN ND POSS-N

PREPPOST: PREP

NUMBER: 38

LANGUAGE: N/amani

ALTERNATEN: !Xóõ

LOCATION: SW Botswana

POPULATION: 4,200

CLASSIFICA: Khoisan: Southern: Ta'a

DICTIONARY: Traill, Anthony. 1994. A !Xóo Dictionary. Köln: Rudiger Köppe Verlag.

CONSONANTS:

   p p^h p^ʔk^xʔ t̪ t̪^h t̪^ʔ t̪^x ^dt̪^h ^dt̪^x k k^h k^ʔ k^xʔ ^ɡk^h q q^h q^{ʔ G}q^h ʔ
b d̪ ɟ ɡ G
    t^s ^dt^sh t^sxt^sʔt̪^ʔk^xʔ ^dt̪^ʔk^xʔ ^dt^sx t^sʔk^xʔ ^dt^sʔk^xʔ d^z
f s x h
m ^ʔm n̪ ^ʔn̪ ñ
    l

STOPS: p p^h p^ʔk^xʔ b t̪ t̪^h t̪^ʔ t̪^x ^dt̪^h ^dt̪^x d̪ ɟ k k^h k^ʔ k^xʔ ^ɡk^h ɡ q q^h q^{ʔ G}q^h G ʔ

AFFRICATES: t̪^ʔk^xʔ ^dt̪^ʔk^xʔ t^s ^dt^sh t^sxt^sʔ ^dt^sx t^sʔk^xʔ ^dt^sʔk^xʔd^z

FRICATIVES: f s x h

NASALS: m ^ʔm n̪ ^ʔn̪ ñ

LATERALS: l

CLICKS:

ʘ ɡʘ ʘ^x ɡʘ^x ʘk^xʔ ɡʘk^xʔ qʘ Gʘ qʘ^h Gʘ^h qʘ^ʔ ʘ^h n̥ʘ nʘ ^ʔnʘ ʘ^ʔ
/ ɡ/ /^x ɡ/^x /k^xʔ ɡ/k^xʔ q/ G/ q/^h G/^h q/^ʔ /^h n̥/ n/ ^ʔn/ /^ʔ! ɡ! !^x ɡ!^x !k^xʔ ɡ!k^xʔ q! G! q!^h G!^h q!^ʔ !^h n̥! n! ^ʔn! !^ʔ|| ɡ|| ||^x ɡ||^x ||k^xʔ ɡ||k^xʔ q|| G|| q||^h G||^h q||^ʔ ||^h n̥|| n|| ^ʔn|| ||^ʔǂ ɡǂ ǂ^x ɡǂ^x ǂk^xʔ ɡǂk^xʔ qǂ Gǂ qǂ^h Gǂ^h qǂ^ʔ ǂ^h n̥ǂ nǂ ^ʔnǂ ǂ^ʔ

GLIDES: (w)

VOWELS:

i u
e o
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u o

NASALVOWEL: ṽ all

MODIFIEDVO:

v̰ (pharyngealized) all
v̤ (breathy voice) all
v^ʔ (laryngealized) all

TONES: lev fall

NOUNNUMBER: s p

NOUNCLASSE: 5

PRONOUNS:

1 4d 4
2 5d 5
3ai 6ai

SYNTAX: SVO NA GN ND POSS-N N-D-A

NUMBER: 39

LANGUAGE: ||Ng.!'e

LOCATION: South Africa

CLASSIFICA: Khoisan: Southern: Ta'a

CONSONANTS:

SYNTAX: SVO

NUMBER: 40

LANGUAGE: N/huki

LOCATION: South Africa

POPULATION: 20

CLASSIFICA: Khoisan: Southern: !Wi

GRAMMAR: Lanham, L. W. and D. P. Hallowes, 1956. "An Outline of the Structure of Eastern Bushman," African Studies 15, 97-118.

OTHERSOURC:

Maingard, L. F. ????. "The ǂKhomani Dialect of Bushman: Its Morphology and Other Characteristics," in Bushman of the Southern Kalahari, 237-75.
CTIL 7, 414.
CBH

CONSONANTS:

    t c c^h k
b ɟ ɡ
    t^sʔ k^xʔ
    s š x
β
m ^ʔm n ŋ ^ʔŋ
    l

STOPS: b t c c^h ɟ k ɡ

AFFRICATES: t^sʔ k^xʔ

FRICATIVES: β s š x

NASALS: m ^ʔm n ŋ ^ʔŋ

LATERALS: l

CLICKS:

ʘ ʘ^h ʘ^ɦ ʘ^ʔ ɡʘ ʘ^x ʘ^xʔ nʘ nʘ^ɦ
/ /^h /^ɦ /^ʔ ɡ/ /^x /^xʔ n/ n/^ɦ
ǂ ǂ^h ǂ^ɦ ǂ^ʔ ɡǂ ǂ^x ǂ^xʔ nǂ nǂ^ɦ
|| ||^h ||^ɦ ||^ʔ ɡ|| ||^x ||^xʔ n|| n||^ɦ
! !^h !^ɦ !^ʔ ɡ! !^x !^xʔ n! n!^ɦ

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

i u
e o
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u o

NASALVOWEL: ṽ all

TONES: tones

NOUNNUMBER: s p

PRONOUNS:

1 4ie
2 5
3 6

SYNTAX: SVO AN GN N-NUM POSS-N