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\data\typol\typology
NUMBER: 321
LANGUAGE: Kulaal
LOCATION: Chad
CLASSIFICA: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Adamawa-Ubangian: Adamawa: Bua
CONSONANTS:

   




NUMBER: 322
LANGUAGE: Koke
LOCATION: Chad
POPULATION: 1,000
CLASSIFICA: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Adamawa-Ubangian: Adamawa: Bua
OTHERSOURC: LA
CONSONANTS:

   




SYNTAX: SVO NG
NUMBER: 323
LANGUAGE: Nielim
LOCATION: Chad
POPULATION: 2,000
CLASSIFICA: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Adamawa-Ubangian: Adamawa: Bua
OTHERSOURC: LA
CONSONANTS:

   




PRONOUNS:

   1 4
2 5
3 6

SYNTAX: SVO NG ND POSS-N
NUMBER: 324
LANGUAGE: Tunya
LOCATION: S Chad (N Moyen-Chari)
POPULATION: 2,250
CLASSIFICA: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Adamawa-Ubangian: Adamawa: Bua
OTHERSOURC: LA
CONSONANTS:

   




PRONOUNS:

   1 4
2 5
3 6

SYNTAX: SVO/(SOV [with infinitive]) NG N-NUM POSS-N
NUMBER: 325
LANGUAGE: Gbaya
DIALECT: Bossangoa
LOCATION: W Central African Repulic
POPULATION: 600,000
CLASSIFICA: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Adamawa-Ubangian: Ubangian: Gbaya-Gbanzili: Gbaya
GRAMMAR: GD: Samarin, William J. 1966. The Gbeya Language. UCPL 44.
CONSONANTS:

   p t k kp ʔ
b ɓ d ɗ ɡ ɡb
f s h
v z
m ʔm n ʔn ŋ ŋm
    l
v̊ ɾ
v̊ is a labiodental flap.

STOPS: p b ɓ t d ɗ k ɡ kp ɡb ʔ
FRICATIVES: f v s z h
NASALS: m ʔm n ʔn ŋ ŋm
LATERALS: l
VIBRANTS: v̊ ɾ
MODIFIEDCO: Nc b d ɡ ɡb
GLIDES: j w
VOWELS:

   i u
e o
ɛ ɔ
    a

FRONTVOWEL: i e ɛ
CENTRALVOW: a
BACKVOWELS: u o ɔ
LONGVOWELS: v̄ all
NASALVOWEL:

   ṽ all but e o
v̄̃ all but e o

MODIFIEDVO: vowel harmony
SYLLABLE: (C)V(C)
TONES:

   hi lo

DEMONSTRAT: 2
ARTICLES: def
PRONOUNS:

   1 4
2 5
3 6

SYNTAX: SVO AN NG ND N-NUM N-POSS
PREPPOST: PREP
NUMBER: 326
LANGUAGE: Gbaya
DIALECT: Kara
LOCATION: W Central African Republic
POPULATION: 600,000
CLASSIFICA: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Adamawa-Ubangian: Ubangian: Gbaya-Gbanzili: Gbaya
OTHERSOURC:

   Roulon, Paulette. 1971. "Rapport sur la phonologie d'un dialecte gbaya: le gbaya-'bodoe du groupe kara," Études bantoues I, 90-115.
Monino, Yves and Paulette Roulon. 1972. Phonologie du gbaya kara 'bodoe. Paris: SELAF.
Roulon, Paulette. 1975. Le verbe en gbaya. Paris: SELAF.

CONSONANTS:

   p t k kp ʔ
b ʔb d ʔd ɡ ɡb
f s h
v z
m n ñ ŋ ŋm
l
v̊ ɾ
v̊ is a labiodental flap.

STOPS: p b ʔb t d ʔd k ɡ kp ɡb ʔ
FRICATIVES: f v s z h
NASALS: m n ñ ŋ ŋm
LATERALS: l
VIBRANTS: v̊ ɾ
MODIFIEDCO: Nc b d ɡ ɡb
GLIDES: j w
VOWELS:

   i u
e o
ɛ ɔ
    a

FRONTVOWEL: i e ɛ
CENTRALVOW: a
BACKVOWELS: u o ɔ
LONGVOWELS: v̄ ?
NASALVOWEL: ṽ all but e o
SYLLABLE: CV(C)
TONES: hi lo ris fall
DEMONSTRAT: 4: near, less near, far, very far
PRONOUNS:

   1 4
2 5
3 6 + indef
politeness: familiar/polite distinction for 2 3 5

SYNTAX: SVO AN/NA NG ND N-NUM N-POSS
PREPPOST: PREP
NUMBER: 327
LANGUAGE: Gbaya
ALTERNATEN: Mbodomo
DIALECT: Buli
LOCATION: SW Central African Republic
POPULATION: 600,000
CLASSIFICA: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Adamawa-Ubangian: Ubangian: Gbaya-Gbanzili: Gbaya
OTHERSOURC:

   Monino, Yves. 1971. "Note sur la phonologie d'un dialecte gbaya de Berberati," Études bantoues I, 116-8.
WALS

CONSONANTS:

   p t k kp ʔ
b ʔb d ʔd ɡ ɡb
f s h
(v) z
m n ñ ŋ ŋm
    l

STOPS: p b ʔb t d ʔd k ɡ kp ɡb ʔ
FRICATIVES: f (v) s z h
NASALS: m n ñ ŋ ŋm
LATERALS: l
MODIFIEDCO: Nc b d ɡ ɡb
GLIDES: j w
VOWELS:

   i u
e o
ɛ ɔ
    a

FRONTVOWEL: i e ɛ
CENTRALVOW: a
BACKVOWELS: u o ɔ
NASALVOWEL: ɛ̃ ɔ̃ (ı̃ ũ)
TONES: hi lo ris fall
SYNTAX: SVO
NUMBER: 328
LANGUAGE: Bangando
LOCATION: Cameroon
CLASSIFICA: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Adamawa-Ubangian: Ubangian: Gbaya-Gbanzili: Gbaya
CONSONANTS:

   




NUMBER: 329
LANGUAGE: Manza
LOCATION: Central African Republic
CLASSIFICA: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Adamawa-Ubangian: Ubangian: Gbaya-Gbanzili: Gbaya
CONSONANTS:

   




NUMBER: 330
LANGUAGE: Ngbaka
LOCATION: SW Central African Repulic
POPULATION: 600,000
CLASSIFICA: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Adamawa-Ubangian: Ubangian: Gbaya-Gbanzili: Gbaya
DICTIONARY: Maes, V. 1959. Dictionnaire ngbaka-français-néerlandais. Tervuren: Annales du Musée Royal du Congo Belge.
GRAMMAR: Thomas, Jacqueline M. C. 1963. Le parler ngbaka de Bokanga. Paris: Mouton.
OTHERSOURC: AGT
CONSONANTS:

   p t k kpʷ ʔ
b ɓ d (ɗ) ɡ ɡbʷ
f s h
v z
m n ñ (ŋ) ŋm
    l

STOPS: p b ɓ t d (ɗ) k ɡ kpʷ ɡbʷ ʔ
FRICATIVES: f v s z h
NASALS: m n ñ (ŋ) ŋm
LATERALS: l
MODIFIEDCO: Nc b d ɡ ɡbʷ z
GLIDES: j w
VOWELS:

   i u
e o
ɛ ɔ
    a

FRONTVOWEL: i e ɛ
CENTRALVOW: a
BACKVOWELS: u o ɔ
LONGVOWELS: v̄ ?
NASALVOWEL: (ı̃) ẽ ã (ũ) õ
SYLLABLE: CV
TONES: hi mid lo hi-fall mid-ris mid-fall lo-ris
NOUNNUMBER: s p
DEMONSTRAT: 2 + ref
ARTICLES: def indef
PRONOUNS:

   1 4d 4
2 5
3 6

SYNTAX: SVO AN NG ND N-NUM N-POSS
PREPPOST: PREP
NUMBER: 331
LANGUAGE: Ngbandi
LOCATION: NW Democratic Republic of Congo
POPULATION: 137,000
CLASSIFICA: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Adamawa-Ubangian: Ubangian: Gbaya-Gbanzili: Ngbandi
DICTIONARY: Lekens, Benjamin. 1952. Dictionnaire ngbandi. Tervuren: Annales du Musée du Congo Belge.
OTHERSOURC: LA
CONSONANTS:

   p t c k kp
b d ɟ ɡ ɡb
    ts č
    dz ɡ̌
f s š x h
v z ž ɣ
m n ñ ŋ
v̊ r
v̊ is a labiodental flap.

STOPS: p b t d c ɟ k ɡ kp ɡb
AFFRICATES: ts dz č ɡ̌
FRICATIVES: f v s z š ž x ɣ h
NASALS: m n ñ ŋ
VIBRANTS: v̊ r
MODIFIEDCO: Nc b d ɟ ɡ ɡb v z
GLIDES: j w
VOWELS:

   i u
e o
ɛ ɔ
    a

FRONTVOWEL: i e ɛ
CENTRALVOW: a
BACKVOWELS: u o ɔ
NASALVOWEL: ṽ all
MODIFIEDVO: vowel harmony
TONES: hi mid lo
NOUNNUMBER: s p
DEMONSTRAT: 3
PRONOUNS:

   1 4
2 5
3 6

SYNTAX: SVO NA/(AN) NG ND N-NUM N-POSS
NUMBER: 332
LANGUAGE: Sango1
LOCATION: Central African Republic
CLASSIFICA: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Adamawa-Ubangian: Ubangian: Gbaya-Gbanzili: Ngbandi
OTHERSOURC: WALS
SYNTAX: SVO
NUMBER: 333
LANGUAGE: Yakoma
LOCATION: Central African Republic
POPULATION: 5,300
CLASSIFICA: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Adamawa-Ubangian: Ubangian: Gbaya-Gbanzili: Ngbandi
OTHERSOURC:

   Boyeldieu, Pascal. 1973. "Phonologie du yakoma," in Problèmes de phonologie, Paris, SELAF, 11-72.
Boyeldieu, Pascal. 1975. Études yakoma. Paris: SELAF.

CONSONANTS:

   p t k kp ʔ
b d ɡ ɡb
f s h
v z
m n (ñ)
    l
   (r)

STOPS: p b t d k ɡ kp ɡb ʔ
FRICATIVES: f v s z h
NASALS: m n (ñ)
LATERALS: l
VIBRANTS: (r)
MODIFIEDCO: Nc b d ɡ ɡb v z
GLIDES: j w
VOWELS:

   i u
e o
ɛ ɔ
    a

FRONTVOWEL: i e ɛ
CENTRALVOW: a
BACKVOWELS: u o ɔ
NASALVOWEL: ı̃ æ̃ ũ ɒ̃
SYLLABLE: CV
TONES: hi mid lo lo-ris-to-mid lo-ris-to-hi hi-fall mid-fall
DEMONSTRAT: 2
PRONOUNS:

   1 4
2 5
3 6

SYNTAX: SVO AN NG ND N-NUM N-POSS
PREPPOST: PREP
NUMBER: 334
LANGUAGE: Feroge
LOCATION: SW Sudan
POPULATION: 8,000
CLASSIFICA: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Adamawa-Ubangian: Ubangian: Gbaya-Gbanzili: Sere
GRAMMAR: Santandrea, Stefano. 1969. Note grammaticali e lessicali sul gruppo Feroge e sul Mundu. Naples: Instituto Universitario Orientale.
CONSONANTS:

   p t k kp
b ʔb d ʔd ḍ ɡ ɡb
    č
    dz ɡ̌
m n ñ ŋ
    l
v̊ ɾ r
v̊ is a labiodental flap.

STOPS: p b ʔb t d ʔd ḍ k ɡ kp ɡb
AFFRICATES: dz č ɡ̌
NASALS: m n ñ ŋ
LATERALS: l
VIBRANTS: v̊ ɾ r
MODIFIEDCO: Nc b d k ɡ kp ɡb v
GLIDES: j w
VOWELS:

   i u
I ʋ
e ǝ o
ɛ ɔ
    a

FRONTVOWEL: i I e ɛ
CENTRALVOW: ǝ a
BACKVOWELS: u ʋ o ɔ
NASALVOWEL: ṽ all ?
PRONOUNS:

   1 4ie
2 5
3 6

SYNTAX: SVO AN NG ND NUM-N N-POSS
PREPPOST: PREP
NUMBER: 335
LANGUAGE: Indri
LOCATION: S Sudan
POPULATION: 700
CLASSIFICA: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Adamawa-Ubangian: Ubangian: Gbaya-Gbanzili: Sere
CONSONANTS:

   




NUMBER: 336
LANGUAGE: Ndogo
LOCATION: S Sudan
POPULATION: 20,000
CLASSIFICA: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Adamawa-Ubangian: Ubangian: Gbaya-Gbanzili: Sere
OTHERSOURC: LA
CONSONANTS:

   




VOWELS:

   

FRONTVOWEL: i ɛ
CENTRALVOW: a
BACKVOWELS: u ɔ
NASALVOWEL: ṽ
NOUNNUMBER: s p
DEMONSTRAT: 2
PRONOUNS:

   1 4d 4ie
2 5
3 6

SYNTAX: SVO AN/NA NG ND N-POSS
NUMBER: 337
LANGUAGE: Sere
LOCATION: Democratic Republic of Congo
POPULATION: 2,500
CLASSIFICA: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Adamawa-Ubangian: Ubangian: Gbaya-Gbanzili: Sere
OTHERSOURC: LA
CONSONANTS:

   




VOWELS:

   

FRONTVOWEL: i e ɛ
CENTRALVOW: a
BACKVOWELS: u o ɔ
NOUNNUMBER: s p
DEMONSTRAT: 2
PRONOUNS:

   1 4d 4ie
2 5
3 6

SYNTAX: SVO NA/AN NG ND N-NUM N-POSS
NUMBER: 338
LANGUAGE: Tagbu
LOCATION: Democratic Republic of Congo
CLASSIFICA: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Adamawa-Ubangian: Ubangian: Gbaya-Gbanzili: Sere
CONSONANTS:

   




NUMBER: 339
LANGUAGE: Bai1
LOCATION: Sudan
POPULATION: 2,500
CLASSIFICA: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Adamawa-Ubangian: Ubangian: Gbaya-Gbanzili: Sere
OTHERSOURC: LA
CONSONANTS:

   




NOUNNUMBER: s p
DEMONSTRAT: 2
PRONOUNS:

   1 4d 4ie
2 5
3 6

SYNTAX: SVO NG ND N-POSS
NUMBER: 340
LANGUAGE: Viri
ALTERNATEN: Bviri
LOCATION: W Sudan
POPULATION: 16,000
CLASSIFICA: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Adamawa-Ubangian: Ubangian: Gbaya-Gbanzili: Sere
GRAMMAR: Santandrea, Stefano. 1965. "The Birri Language," Afrika und Übersee 49, 81-105 & 196-234. [Reprinted 1966 by Editrice Nigrizia, Bologna]
OTHERSOURC: LA
CONSONANTS:

    t̪ ṭ c k kp ʔ
(b) ɓ d̪ ɗ̪ ḍ ɟ ɡ ɡb
    ṭr
    ḍr (ɡ̌)
f θ s
v ð z (ž)
m n̪ n ñ ŋ
    l
v̊ r
v̊ is a labiodental flap.

STOPS: (b) ɓ t̪ d̪ ɗ̪ ṭ ḍ c ɟ k ɡ kp ɡb ʔ
AFFRICATES: ṭr ḍr (ɡ̌)
FRICATIVES: f v θ ð s z (ž)
NASALS: m n̪ n ñ ŋ
LATERALS: l
VIBRANTS: v̊ r
MODIFIEDCO: Nc b ɡb ɡ̌ v
GLIDES: j w
VOWELS:

   i u
I ʋ
e ǝ o
ɛ ɔ
    a

FRONTVOWEL: i I e ɛ
CENTRALVOW: ǝ a
BACKVOWELS: u ʋ o ɔ
LONGVOWELS: v̄
NASALVOWEL: ṽ
TONES: hi lo
NOUNNUMBER: s p
DEMONSTRAT: 2
PRONOUNS:

   1 4d 4ie
2 5
3 6

SYNTAX: SVO NA NG/GN ND N-NUM N-POSS
PREPPOST: PREP/POST
typology-language,typology-location,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-syntax,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-language,typology-dialect,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-grammar,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-vibrants,typology-modifiedco,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-nasalvowel,typology-modifiedvo,typology-syllable,typology-tones,typology-demonstrat,typology-articles,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,typology-language,typology-dialect,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-vibrants,typology-modifiedco,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-nasalvowel,typology-syllable,typology-tones,typology-demonstrat,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,typology-language,typology-alternaten,typology-dialect,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-modifiedco,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-nasalvowel,typology-tones,typology-syntax,typology-language,typology-location,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-language,typology-location,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-dictionary,typology-grammar,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-modifiedco,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-nasalvowel,typology-syllable,typology-tones,typology-nounnumber,typology-demonstrat,typology-articles,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-dictionary,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-affricates,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-vibrants,typology-modifiedco,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-nasalvowel,typology-modifiedvo,typology-tones,typology-nounnumber,typology-demonstrat,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-language,typology-location,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-syntax,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-vibrants,typology-modifiedco,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-nasalvowel,typology-syllable,typology-tones,typology-demonstrat,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-grammar,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-affricates,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-vibrants,typology-modifiedco,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-nasalvowel,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-nasalvowel,typology-nounnumber,typology-demonstrat,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-nounnumber,typology-demonstrat,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-language,typology-location,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-nounnumber,typology-demonstrat,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-language,typology-alternaten,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-grammar,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-affricates,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-vibrants,typology-modifiedco,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-nasalvowel,typology-tones,typology-nounnumber,typology-demonstrat,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,
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