CLASSIFICA:Austric: Austronesian: Malayo-Polynesian: Central-Eastern: Eastern: Oceanic: New Caledonia: Northern: Far North
OTHERSOURC:
Hollyman, K. J. 1962. "Première esquisse de la phonologie du caaqac," Te Reo 5, 41-51. WPF
CONSONANTS:
p phmb t̪ t̪h n̪d̪ c chñɟ k khŋɡ
̱v ɣ h m m̥̥ n̪ n̪̥ ñ ñ̥ ŋ ŋ̥ l̪ r
STOPS:p phmb t̪ t̪h n̪d̪ c chñɟ k khŋɡ
FRICATIVES:v ɣ h
NASALS:m m̥̥ n̪ n̪̥ ñ ñ̥ ŋ ŋ̥
LATERALS:l̪
VIBRANTS:r
MODIFIEDCO:cʷ p phmb m m̥
GLIDES:j w
FRONTVOWEL:i y e ø
CENTRALVOW:a
BACKVOWELS:u o
LONGVOWELS:v̄ v̄̃ all but y ø
NASALVOWEL:v̄̃ u a
PRONOUNS:
1 4die 4ie 2 5d 5 3 6d 6
NUMBER:3402
LANGUAGE:Yuaga
ALTERNATEN:Nua
LOCATION:N New Caledonia
POPULATION:350
CLASSIFICA:Austric: Austronesian: Malayo-Polynesian: Central-Eastern: Eastern: Oceanic: New Caledonia: Northern: Far North
OTHERSOURC:
Haudricourt, André G. 1971. "New Caledonia and the Loyalty Islands," CTIL 8, 359-96. AL 6:9
CONSONANTS:
p phmb t̪ t̪hn̪d̪ ṭ ṭhṇḍ c ch ñɟ k khŋɡ
θ h m m̥ n̪ n̪̥ ṇ ṇ̥ ñ ñ̥ ŋ ŋ̥ ḷ
STOPS:p phmb t̪ t̪hn̪d̪ ṭ ṭhṇḍ c ch ñɟ k khŋɡ
FRICATIVES:θ h
NASALS:m m̥ n̪ n̪̥ ṇ ṇ̥ ñ ñ̥ ŋ ŋ̥
LATERALS:ḷ
MODIFIEDCO:cʷ p phmb m m̥
GLIDES:w w̥
FRONTVOWEL:i e ɛ
CENTRALVOW:a
BACKVOWELS:u o ɔ
LONGVOWELS:v̄
NASALVOWEL:ṽ
PRONOUNS:
1 4die 4tie 4ie 2 5d 5t 5 3 6d 6t 6
SYNTAX:VSO N-POSS
NUMBER:3403
LANGUAGE:Pwapwa
LOCATION:NC New Caledonia
POPULATION:150
CLASSIFICA:Austric: Austronesian: Malayo-Polynesian: Central-Eastern: Eastern: Oceanic: New Caledonia: Northern: North
OTHERSOURC:WPF
CONSONANTS:
PRONOUNS:
1 4die 4ie 2 5d 5 3 6d 6
NUMBER:3404
LANGUAGE:Pwaamei
CLASSIFICA:Austric: Austronesian: Malayo-Polynesian: Central-Eastern: Eastern: Oceanic: New Caledonia: Northern: North
OTHERSOURC:WPF
CONSONANTS:
PRONOUNS:
1 4die 4ie 2 5d 5 3 6d 6
NUMBER:3405
LANGUAGE:Hmwaveke
DIALECT:Wamoang. 'Aeke
LOCATION:NC New Caledonia
POPULATION:300 ((+)c. 1050)
CLASSIFICA:Austric: Austronesian: Malayo-Polynesian: Central-Eastern: Eastern: Oceanic: New Caledonia: Northern: North
OTHERSOURC:
AL 6:9 WPF
CONSONANTS:
p ph b t th d ḍ k kh ɡ ts dz f v θ ð s x xh m m̥ n n̥ ñ ŋ l l̥
STOPS:p ph b t th d ḍ k kh ɡ
AFFRICATES:ts dz
FRICATIVES:f v θ ð s x xh
NASALS:m m̥ n n̥ ñ ŋ
LATERALS:l l̥
GLIDES:w w̥
TONES:hi lo
PRONOUNS:
1 4die 4ie 2 5d 5 3 6d 6
NUMBER:3406
LANGUAGE:Jawe
LOCATION:New Caledonia
CLASSIFICA:Austric: Austronesian: Malayo-Polynesian: Central-Eastern: Eastern: Oceanic: New Caledonia: Northern: North
OTHERSOURC:WPF
CONSONANTS:
PRONOUNS:
1 4die 4ie 2 5d 5 3 6d 6
NUMBER:3407
LANGUAGE:Nemi
CLASSIFICA:Austric: Austronesian: Malayo-Polynesian: Central-Eastern: Eastern: Oceanic: New Caledonia: Northern: North
OTHERSOURC:WPF
CONSONANTS:
PRONOUNS:
1 4die 4ie 2 5d 5 3 6d 6
NUMBER:3408
LANGUAGE:Fwai
ALTERNATEN:Poai
LOCATION:NC New Caledonia
POPULATION:700
CLASSIFICA:Austric: Austronesian: Malayo-Polynesian: Central-Eastern: Eastern: Oceanic: New Caledonia: Northern: North
OTHERSOURC:
Haudricourt, André G. 1971. "New Caledonia and the Loyalty Islands," CTIL 8, 359-96. Rivierre, Françoise. 1975. "Phonologie du némi (Nouvelle Calédonie) et notes sur les consonnes postnasalisées," BSLP 70, 345-56. AL 6:9 WPF
CONSONANTS:
p phmb t thnd c ñɟ k khŋɡ ʔ
f v s h h̃ m m̥̥ n n̥ ñ ñ̥ ŋ (l) (l̥)
STOPS:p phmb t thnd c ñɟ k khŋɡ ʔ
FRICATIVES:f v s h h̃
NASALS:m m̥̥ n n̥ ñ ñ̥ ŋ
LATERALS:(l) (l̥)
MODIFIEDCO:
cʷ p (ph) mb pm m m̥ hcN(postnas) p t c k
GLIDES:j j̥ w w̥ w̃
FRONTVOWEL:i e
CENTRALVOW:a
BACKVOWELS:u o
LONGVOWELS:v̄ all
STRESS:final
PRONOUNS:
1 4die 4ie 2 5d 5 3 6d 6
SYNTAX:N-POSS
NUMBER:3409
LANGUAGE:Pije
CLASSIFICA:Austric: Austronesian: Malayo-Polynesian: Central-Eastern: Eastern: Oceanic: New Caledonia: Northern: North
OTHERSOURC:WPF
CONSONANTS:
PRONOUNS:
1 4die 4ie 2 5d 5 3 6d 6
NUMBER:3410
LANGUAGE:Cemuhi
ALTERNATEN:Camuki
LOCATION:NC New Caledonia
POPULATION:1,200
CLASSIFICA:Austric: Austronesian: Malayo-Polynesian: Central-Eastern: Eastern: Oceanic: New Caledonia: Northern: Central
OTHERSOURC:
Haudricourt , A. G. 1968. "La langue de Gomen et la langue de Touho en Nouvelle Calédonie," BSLP 63, 218-35. Haudricourt, André G. 1971 "New Caledonia and the Loyalty Islands," CTIL 8, 359-96. AL 6:9 WALS WPF
CONSONANTS:
p mb t nd c ñɟ k ŋɡ
h̃ m n ñ ŋ l
STOPS:p mb t nd c ñɟ k ŋɡ
FRICATIVES:h̃
NASALS:m n ñ ŋ
LATERALS:l
MODIFIEDCO:
cʷ p mb m (ch̃(aspirate postnas) p t c k "The aspirate postnasalized series are still pronounced by a few old persons, but in general all these phonemes have become merged into h followed by a nasal vowel." Haudricourt 1971, p.370)
GLIDES:w
FRONTVOWEL:i e ɛ
CENTRALVOW:a
BACKVOWELS:u o ɔ
LONGVOWELS:v̄
NASALVOWEL:ṽ
TONES:hi mid low
PRONOUNS:
1 4die 4ie 2 5d 5 3 6d 6
SYNTAX:VOS
NUMBER:3411
LANGUAGE:Paici
ALTERNATEN:Pati
LOCATION:C New Caledonia
POPULATION:2,000
CLASSIFICA:Austric: Austronesian: Malayo-Polynesian: Central-Eastern: Eastern: Oceanic: New Caledonia: Northern: Central
OTHERSOURC:
Haudricourt, André G. 1971 "New Caledonia and the Loyalty Islands," CTIL 8, 359-96. Rivierre, Jean-Claude. 1974. "Tons et segments du discours en langue paicḭ (Nouvelle Calédonie)," BSLP 69, 325-40. WPF
CONSONANTS:
p mb t nd c ñɟ k ŋɡ
h̃ m n ñ ŋ l r
STOPS:p mb t nd c ñɟ k ŋɡ
FRICATIVES:h̃
NASALS:m n ñ ŋ
LATERALS:l
VIBRANTS:r
MODIFIEDCO:cʷ p mb m
FRONTVOWEL:i e ɛ
CENTRALVOW:ɨ ǝ ɐ a
BACKVOWELS:u o ɔ
LONGVOWELS:v̄
NASALVOWEL:ṽ all but ɛ ɐ ɔ
SYLLABLE:(C)V
TONES:hi mid low
ARTICLES:def
PRONOUNS:
1 4die 4ie 2 5d 5 3 6d 6
SYNTAX:VSO NA NG N-POSS
NUMBER:3412
LANGUAGE:Arho
CLASSIFICA:Austric: Austronesian: Malayo-Polynesian: Central-Eastern: Eastern: Oceanic: New Caledonia: Southern: South
OTHERSOURC:WP
CONSONANTS:
PRONOUNS:
1 4die 4ie 2 5d 5 3 6d 6
NUMBER:3413
LANGUAGE:Arha
CLASSIFICA:Austric: Austronesian: Malayo-Polynesian: Central-Eastern: Eastern: Oceanic: New Caledonia: Southern: South
OTHERSOURC:WPF
CONSONANTS:
PRONOUNS:
1 4die 4ie 2 5d 5 3 6d 6
NUMBER:3414
LANGUAGE:Ajie
ALTERNATEN:Anjie
LOCATION:SC New Caledonia
POPULATION:4,500
CLASSIFICA:Austric: Austronesian: Malayo-Polynesian: Central-Eastern: Eastern: Oceanic: New Caledonia: Southern: South
GRAMMAR:GD: Leenhardt, Maurice. 1935. Vocabulaire et grammaire de la langue houaıɽlow. Paris: Institut d'Ethnologie.
OTHERSOURC:
Haudricourt, André G. 1971. "New Caledonia and the Loyalty Islands," CTIL 8, 359-96. Kasarhérou, Jacqueline. 1961. "Prosodèmes de la langue mélanésienne de Houaı̈low," BSLP 56, 181-201. La Fontinelle, Jacqueline de. 1971. "Phonologie de l'adjië (Nouvelle Calédonie), " in La dénomination des couleurs chez les Mbay de Moı̈ssala, by Jean-Pierre Caprile, Paris, SELAF, 132-5.
CONSONANTS:
p mb t nd c ñ̃ɟ k ŋɡ
β s ɣ m n ñ ŋ l r ɾ
STOPS:p mb t nd c ñ̃ɟ k ŋɡ
FRICATIVES:β s ɣ
NASALS:m n ñ ŋ
LATERALS:l
VIBRANTS:r ɾ
MODIFIEDCO:cʷ p mb k ŋɡ β m
GLIDES:j w
FRONTVOWEL:i e ɛ
CENTRALVOW:ɨ ǝ ɐ a
BACKVOWELS:u o ɔ
LONGVOWELS:v̄ ?
NASALVOWEL:ṽ all
MODIFIEDVO:vowel harmony
DEMONSTRAT:2
ARTICLES:indef
PRONOUNS:
1 4die 4ie 2 5d 5 3 6d 6
SYNTAX:VSO NA NG ND NUM-N N-POSS
PREPPOST:PREP
NUMBER:3415
LANGUAGE:Orowe
ALTERNATEN:Boewe
LOCATION:SC New Caledonia
CLASSIFICA:Austric: Austronesian: Malayo-Polynesian: Central-Eastern: Eastern: Oceanic: New Caledonia: Southern: South
OTHERSOURC:WPF
CONSONANTS:
PRONOUNS:
1 4die 4ie 2 5d 5 3 6d 6
NUMBER:3416
LANGUAGE:Neku
LOCATION:SC New Caledonia
POPULATION:150
CLASSIFICA:Austric: Austronesian: Malayo-Polynesian: Central-Eastern: Eastern: Oceanic: New Caledonia: Southern: South
OTHERSOURC:WPF
CONSONANTS:
PRONOUNS:
1 4die 4ie 2 5d 5 3 6d 6
NUMBER:3417
LANGUAGE:Nere
LOCATION:New Caledonia
CLASSIFICA:Austric: Austronesian: Malayo-Polynesian: Central-Eastern: Eastern: Oceanic: New Caledonia: Southern: South
OTHERSOURC:WPF
CONSONANTS:
PRONOUNS:
1 4die 4ie 2 5d 5 3 6d 6
NUMBER:3418
LANGUAGE:Tiri
LOCATION:SC New Caledonia
POPULATION:600
CLASSIFICA:Austric: Austronesian: Malayo-Polynesian: Central-Eastern: Eastern: Oceanic: New Caledonia: Southern: South
DICTIONARY:Grace, George W. 1976. Grand Couli Dictionary (New Caledonia). PL C12.
OTHERSOURC:
Haudricourt, André G. 1971. "New Caledonia and the Loyalty Islands," CTIL 8, 359-96. E WPF
CONSONANTS:
p mb t̪ n̪d̪ ṭ n.ḍ k ŋɡ
f v θ ð ṣ ɣ h m n̪ ṇ ŋ
ɾ ṛ
STOPS:p mb t̪ n̪d̪ ṭ nḍ k ŋɡ
FRICATIVES:f v θ ð ṣ ɣ h
NASALS:m n̪ ṇ ŋ
VIBRANTS:ɾ ṛ
MODIFIEDCO:cʷ p mb (k) (ŋɡ) f h m
GLIDES:j w
FRONTVOWEL:i e ɛ æ
CENTRALVOW:ɨ ǝ ɐ
BACKVOWELS:u o ɔ
LONGVOWELS:v̄ v̄̃
NASALVOWEL:ṽ all but e o
MODIFIEDVO:̄̃
PRONOUNS:
1 4die 4ie 2 5d 5 3 6d 6
SYNTAX:SVO/VOS NG N-POSS
NUMBER:3419
LANGUAGE:Xaracuu
ALTERNATEN:Anesu
LOCATION:S New Caledonia
POPULATION:1,500
CLASSIFICA:Austric: Austronesian: Malayo-Polynesian: Central-Eastern: Eastern: Oceanic: New Caledonia: Southern: South
OTHERSOURC:
Haudricourt, André G. 1971. "New Caledonia and the Loyalty Islands," CTIL 8, 359-96. E
CONSONANTS:
p mb t nd c ñɟ k ŋɡ
f s ç x m n ñ ŋ
r
STOPS:p mb t nd c ñɟ k ŋɡ
FRICATIVES:f s ç x
NASALS:m n ñ ŋ
VIBRANTS:r
MODIFIEDCO:cʷ p mb k ŋɡ f x m ŋ
GLIDES:j w
FRONTVOWEL:i e ɛ
CENTRALVOW:ɨ ǝ ɐ a
BACKVOWELS:u o ɔ
NASALVOWEL:ṽ all
PRONOUNS:
1 4die 4ie 2 5d 5 3 6d 6
SYNTAX:SVO/VOS
NUMBER:3420
LANGUAGE:Xaragure
ALTERNATEN:'Aragure
LOCATION:S New Caledonia
POPULATION:500
CLASSIFICA:Austric: Austronesian: Malayo-Polynesian: Central-Eastern: Eastern: Oceanic: New Caledonia: Southern: South
DICTIONARY:Grace, G. W. 1976. Grand Couli Dictionary (New Caledonia). PL C12.