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\data\typol\typology
NUMBER: 3401
LANGUAGE: Caac
LOCATION: N New Caledonia
POPULATION: 500
CLASSIFICA: Austric: Austronesian: Malayo-Polynesian: Central-Eastern: Eastern: Oceanic: New Caledonia: Northern: Far North
OTHERSOURC:

   Hollyman, K. J. 1962. "Première esquisse de la phonologie du caaqac," Te Reo 5, 41-51.
WPF

CONSONANTS:

   p ph mb t̪ t̪h n̪d̪ c ch ñɟ k kh ŋɡ

̱v ɣ h
m m̥̥ n̪ n̪̥ ñ ñ̥ ŋ ŋ̥
l̪
r

STOPS: p ph mb t̪ t̪h n̪d̪ c ch ñɟ k kh ŋɡ
FRICATIVES: v ɣ h
NASALS: m m̥̥ n̪ n̪̥ ñ ñ̥ ŋ ŋ̥
LATERALS: l̪
VIBRANTS: r
MODIFIEDCO: cʷ p ph mb m m̥
GLIDES: j w
FRONTVOWEL: i y e ø
CENTRALVOW: a
BACKVOWELS: u o
LONGVOWELS: v̄ v̄̃ all but y ø
NASALVOWEL: v̄̃ u a
PRONOUNS:

   1 4die 4ie
2 5d 5
3 6d 6

NUMBER: 3402
LANGUAGE: Yuaga
ALTERNATEN: Nua
LOCATION: N New Caledonia
POPULATION: 350
CLASSIFICA: Austric: Austronesian: Malayo-Polynesian: Central-Eastern: Eastern: Oceanic: New Caledonia: Northern: Far North
OTHERSOURC:

   Haudricourt, André G. 1971. "New Caledonia and the Loyalty Islands," CTIL 8, 359-96.
AL 6:9

CONSONANTS:

   p ph mb t̪ t̪h n̪d̪ ṭ ṭh ṇḍ c ch ñɟ k kh ŋɡ

θ h
m m̥ n̪ n̪̥ ṇ ṇ̥ ñ ñ̥ ŋ ŋ̥
ḷ

STOPS: p ph mb t̪ t̪h n̪d̪ ṭ ṭh ṇḍ c ch ñɟ k kh ŋɡ
FRICATIVES: θ h
NASALS: m m̥ n̪ n̪̥ ṇ ṇ̥ ñ ñ̥ ŋ ŋ̥
LATERALS: ḷ
MODIFIEDCO: cʷ p ph mb m m̥
GLIDES: w w̥
FRONTVOWEL: i e ɛ
CENTRALVOW: a
BACKVOWELS: u o ɔ
LONGVOWELS: v̄
NASALVOWEL: ṽ
PRONOUNS:

   1 4die 4tie 4ie
2 5d 5t 5
3 6d 6t 6

SYNTAX: VSO N-POSS
NUMBER: 3403
LANGUAGE: Pwapwa
LOCATION: NC New Caledonia
POPULATION: 150
CLASSIFICA: Austric: Austronesian: Malayo-Polynesian: Central-Eastern: Eastern: Oceanic: New Caledonia: Northern: North
OTHERSOURC: WPF
CONSONANTS:

   




PRONOUNS:

   1 4die 4ie
2 5d 5
3 6d 6

NUMBER: 3404
LANGUAGE: Pwaamei
CLASSIFICA: Austric: Austronesian: Malayo-Polynesian: Central-Eastern: Eastern: Oceanic: New Caledonia: Northern: North
OTHERSOURC: WPF
CONSONANTS:

   




PRONOUNS:

   1 4die 4ie
2 5d 5
3 6d 6

NUMBER: 3405
LANGUAGE: Hmwaveke
DIALECT: Wamoang. 'Aeke
LOCATION: NC New Caledonia
POPULATION: 300 ((+)c. 1050)
CLASSIFICA: Austric: Austronesian: Malayo-Polynesian: Central-Eastern: Eastern: Oceanic: New Caledonia: Northern: North
OTHERSOURC:

   AL 6:9
WPF

CONSONANTS:

   p ph b t th d ḍ k kh ɡ
ts dz
f v θ ð s x xh
m m̥ n n̥ ñ ŋ
l l̥

STOPS: p ph b t th d ḍ k kh ɡ
AFFRICATES: ts dz
FRICATIVES: f v θ ð s x xh
NASALS: m m̥ n n̥ ñ ŋ
LATERALS: l l̥
GLIDES: w w̥
TONES: hi lo
PRONOUNS:

   1 4die 4ie
2 5d 5
3 6d 6

NUMBER: 3406
LANGUAGE: Jawe
LOCATION: New Caledonia
CLASSIFICA: Austric: Austronesian: Malayo-Polynesian: Central-Eastern: Eastern: Oceanic: New Caledonia: Northern: North
OTHERSOURC: WPF
CONSONANTS:

   




PRONOUNS:

   1 4die 4ie
2 5d 5
3 6d 6

NUMBER: 3407
LANGUAGE: Nemi
CLASSIFICA: Austric: Austronesian: Malayo-Polynesian: Central-Eastern: Eastern: Oceanic: New Caledonia: Northern: North
OTHERSOURC: WPF
CONSONANTS:

   




PRONOUNS:

   1 4die 4ie
2 5d 5
3 6d 6

NUMBER: 3408
LANGUAGE: Fwai
ALTERNATEN: Poai
LOCATION: NC New Caledonia
POPULATION: 700
CLASSIFICA: Austric: Austronesian: Malayo-Polynesian: Central-Eastern: Eastern: Oceanic: New Caledonia: Northern: North
OTHERSOURC:

   Haudricourt, André G. 1971. "New Caledonia and the Loyalty Islands," CTIL 8, 359-96.
Rivierre, Françoise. 1975. "Phonologie du némi (Nouvelle Calédonie) et notes sur les consonnes postnasalisées," BSLP 70, 345-56.
AL 6:9
WPF

CONSONANTS:

   p ph mb t th nd c ñɟ k kh ŋɡ ʔ

f v s h h̃
m m̥̥ n n̥ ñ ñ̥ ŋ
(l) (l̥)

STOPS: p ph mb t th nd c ñɟ k kh ŋɡ ʔ
FRICATIVES: f v s h h̃
NASALS: m m̥̥ n n̥ ñ ñ̥ ŋ
LATERALS: (l) (l̥)
MODIFIEDCO:

   cʷ p (ph) mb pm m m̥
hcN(postnas) p t c k

GLIDES: j j̥ w w̥ w̃
FRONTVOWEL: i e
CENTRALVOW: a
BACKVOWELS: u o
LONGVOWELS: v̄ all
STRESS: final
PRONOUNS:

   1 4die 4ie
2 5d 5
3 6d 6

SYNTAX: N-POSS
NUMBER: 3409
LANGUAGE: Pije
CLASSIFICA: Austric: Austronesian: Malayo-Polynesian: Central-Eastern: Eastern: Oceanic: New Caledonia: Northern: North
OTHERSOURC: WPF
CONSONANTS:

   




PRONOUNS:

   1 4die 4ie
2 5d 5
3 6d 6

NUMBER: 3410
LANGUAGE: Cemuhi
ALTERNATEN: Camuki
LOCATION: NC New Caledonia
POPULATION: 1,200
CLASSIFICA: Austric: Austronesian: Malayo-Polynesian: Central-Eastern: Eastern: Oceanic: New Caledonia: Northern: Central
OTHERSOURC:

   Haudricourt , A. G. 1968. "La langue de Gomen et la langue de Touho en Nouvelle Calédonie," BSLP 63, 218-35.
Haudricourt, André G. 1971 "New Caledonia and the Loyalty Islands," CTIL 8, 359-96.
AL 6:9
WALS
WPF

CONSONANTS:

   p mb t nd c ñɟ k ŋɡ

h̃
m n ñ ŋ
l

STOPS: p mb t nd c ñɟ k ŋɡ
FRICATIVES: h̃
NASALS: m n ñ ŋ
LATERALS: l
MODIFIEDCO:

   cʷ p mb m
(ch̃(aspirate postnas) p t c k "The aspirate postnasalized series are still pronounced by a few old persons, but in general all these phonemes have become merged into h followed by a nasal vowel." Haudricourt 1971, p.370)

GLIDES: w
FRONTVOWEL: i e ɛ
CENTRALVOW: a
BACKVOWELS: u o ɔ
LONGVOWELS: v̄
NASALVOWEL: ṽ
TONES: hi mid low
PRONOUNS:

   1 4die 4ie
2 5d 5
3 6d 6

SYNTAX: VOS
NUMBER: 3411
LANGUAGE: Paici
ALTERNATEN: Pati
LOCATION: C New Caledonia
POPULATION: 2,000
CLASSIFICA: Austric: Austronesian: Malayo-Polynesian: Central-Eastern: Eastern: Oceanic: New Caledonia: Northern: Central
OTHERSOURC:

   Haudricourt, André G. 1971 "New Caledonia and the Loyalty Islands," CTIL 8, 359-96.
Rivierre, Jean-Claude. 1974. "Tons et segments du discours en langue paicḭ (Nouvelle Calédonie)," BSLP 69, 325-40.
WPF

CONSONANTS:

   p mb t nd c ñɟ k ŋɡ

h̃
m n ñ ŋ
l
r

STOPS: p mb t nd c ñɟ k ŋɡ
FRICATIVES: h̃
NASALS: m n ñ ŋ
LATERALS: l
VIBRANTS: r
MODIFIEDCO: cʷ p mb m
FRONTVOWEL: i e ɛ
CENTRALVOW: ɨ ǝ ɐ a
BACKVOWELS: u o ɔ
LONGVOWELS: v̄
NASALVOWEL: ṽ all but ɛ ɐ ɔ
SYLLABLE: (C)V
TONES: hi mid low
ARTICLES: def
PRONOUNS:

   1 4die 4ie
2 5d 5
3 6d 6

SYNTAX: VSO NA NG N-POSS
NUMBER: 3412
LANGUAGE: Arho
CLASSIFICA: Austric: Austronesian: Malayo-Polynesian: Central-Eastern: Eastern: Oceanic: New Caledonia: Southern: South
OTHERSOURC: WP
CONSONANTS:

   




PRONOUNS:

   1 4die 4ie
2 5d 5
3 6d 6

NUMBER: 3413
LANGUAGE: Arha
CLASSIFICA: Austric: Austronesian: Malayo-Polynesian: Central-Eastern: Eastern: Oceanic: New Caledonia: Southern: South
OTHERSOURC: WPF
CONSONANTS:

   




PRONOUNS:

   1 4die 4ie
2 5d 5
3 6d 6

NUMBER: 3414
LANGUAGE: Ajie
ALTERNATEN: Anjie
LOCATION: SC New Caledonia
POPULATION: 4,500
CLASSIFICA: Austric: Austronesian: Malayo-Polynesian: Central-Eastern: Eastern: Oceanic: New Caledonia: Southern: South
GRAMMAR: GD: Leenhardt, Maurice. 1935. Vocabulaire et grammaire de la langue houaıɽlow. Paris: Institut d'Ethnologie.
OTHERSOURC:

   Haudricourt, André G. 1971. "New Caledonia and the Loyalty Islands," CTIL 8, 359-96.
Kasarhérou, Jacqueline. 1961. "Prosodèmes de la langue mélanésienne de Houaı̈low," BSLP 56, 181-201.
La Fontinelle, Jacqueline de. 1971. "Phonologie de l'adjië (Nouvelle Calédonie), " in La dénomination des couleurs chez les Mbay de Moı̈ssala, by Jean-Pierre Caprile, Paris, SELAF, 132-5.

CONSONANTS:

   p mb t nd c ñ̃ɟ k ŋɡ

β s ɣ
m n ñ ŋ
l
r ɾ

STOPS: p mb t nd c ñ̃ɟ k ŋɡ
FRICATIVES: β s ɣ
NASALS: m n ñ ŋ
LATERALS: l
VIBRANTS: r ɾ
MODIFIEDCO: cʷ p mb k ŋɡ β m
GLIDES: j w
FRONTVOWEL: i e ɛ
CENTRALVOW: ɨ ǝ ɐ a
BACKVOWELS: u o ɔ
LONGVOWELS: v̄ ?
NASALVOWEL: ṽ all
MODIFIEDVO: vowel harmony
DEMONSTRAT: 2
ARTICLES: indef
PRONOUNS:

   1 4die 4ie
2 5d 5
3 6d 6

SYNTAX: VSO NA NG ND NUM-N N-POSS
PREPPOST: PREP
NUMBER: 3415
LANGUAGE: Orowe
ALTERNATEN: Boewe
LOCATION: SC New Caledonia
CLASSIFICA: Austric: Austronesian: Malayo-Polynesian: Central-Eastern: Eastern: Oceanic: New Caledonia: Southern: South
OTHERSOURC: WPF
CONSONANTS:

   




PRONOUNS:

   1 4die 4ie
2 5d 5
3 6d 6

NUMBER: 3416
LANGUAGE: Neku
LOCATION: SC New Caledonia
POPULATION: 150
CLASSIFICA: Austric: Austronesian: Malayo-Polynesian: Central-Eastern: Eastern: Oceanic: New Caledonia: Southern: South
OTHERSOURC: WPF
CONSONANTS:

   




PRONOUNS:

   1 4die 4ie
2 5d 5
3 6d 6

NUMBER: 3417
LANGUAGE: Nere
LOCATION: New Caledonia
CLASSIFICA: Austric: Austronesian: Malayo-Polynesian: Central-Eastern: Eastern: Oceanic: New Caledonia: Southern: South
OTHERSOURC: WPF
CONSONANTS:

   




PRONOUNS:

   1 4die 4ie
2 5d 5
3 6d 6

NUMBER: 3418
LANGUAGE: Tiri
LOCATION: SC New Caledonia
POPULATION: 600
CLASSIFICA: Austric: Austronesian: Malayo-Polynesian: Central-Eastern: Eastern: Oceanic: New Caledonia: Southern: South
DICTIONARY: Grace, George W. 1976. Grand Couli Dictionary (New Caledonia). PL C12.
OTHERSOURC:

   Haudricourt, André G. 1971. "New Caledonia and the Loyalty Islands," CTIL 8, 359-96.
E
WPF

CONSONANTS:

   p mb t̪ n̪d̪ ṭ n.ḍ k ŋɡ

f v θ ð ṣ ɣ h
m n̪ ṇ ŋ

ɾ ṛ

STOPS: p mb t̪ n̪d̪ ṭ nḍ k ŋɡ
FRICATIVES: f v θ ð ṣ ɣ h
NASALS: m n̪ ṇ ŋ
VIBRANTS: ɾ ṛ
MODIFIEDCO: cʷ p mb (k) (ŋɡ) f h m
GLIDES: j w
FRONTVOWEL: i e ɛ æ
CENTRALVOW: ɨ ǝ ɐ
BACKVOWELS: u o ɔ
LONGVOWELS: v̄ v̄̃
NASALVOWEL: ṽ all but e o
MODIFIEDVO: ̄̃
PRONOUNS:

   1 4die 4ie
2 5d 5
3 6d 6

SYNTAX: SVO/VOS NG N-POSS
NUMBER: 3419
LANGUAGE: Xaracuu
ALTERNATEN: Anesu
LOCATION: S New Caledonia
POPULATION: 1,500
CLASSIFICA: Austric: Austronesian: Malayo-Polynesian: Central-Eastern: Eastern: Oceanic: New Caledonia: Southern: South
OTHERSOURC:

   Haudricourt, André G. 1971. "New Caledonia and the Loyalty Islands," CTIL 8, 359-96.
E

CONSONANTS:

   p mb t nd c ñɟ k ŋɡ

f s ç x
m n ñ ŋ

r

STOPS: p mb t nd c ñɟ k ŋɡ
FRICATIVES: f s ç x
NASALS: m n ñ ŋ
VIBRANTS: r
MODIFIEDCO: cʷ p mb k ŋɡ f x m ŋ
GLIDES: j w
FRONTVOWEL: i e ɛ
CENTRALVOW: ɨ ǝ ɐ a
BACKVOWELS: u o ɔ
NASALVOWEL: ṽ all
PRONOUNS:

   1 4die 4ie
2 5d 5
3 6d 6

SYNTAX: SVO/VOS
NUMBER: 3420
LANGUAGE: Xaragure
ALTERNATEN: 'Aragure
LOCATION: S New Caledonia
POPULATION: 500
CLASSIFICA: Austric: Austronesian: Malayo-Polynesian: Central-Eastern: Eastern: Oceanic: New Caledonia: Southern: South
DICTIONARY: Grace, G. W. 1976. Grand Couli Dictionary (New Caledonia). PL C12.
OTHERSOURC: E
CONSONANTS:

   p mb t nd k ŋɡ
č ñɡ̌
f v š ç x
m n ñ ŋ

r

STOPS: p mb t nd k ŋɡ
AFFRICATES: č ñɡ̌
FRICATIVES: f v š ç x
NASALS: m n ñ ŋ
VIBRANTS: r
MODIFIEDCO: cʷ p mb k ŋɡ x m
GLIDES: j w
FRONTVOWEL: i e ɛ
CENTRALVOW: ɨ ǝ ɐ a
BACKVOWELS: u o ɔ
LONGVOWELS: v̄ v̄̃
NASALVOWEL: ṽ all but e o
MODIFIEDVO: ̄̃
PRONOUNS:

   1 4die 4ie
2 5d 5
3 6d 6

SYNTAX: SVO/VOS N-POSS
typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-vibrants,typology-modifiedco,typology-glides,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-nasalvowel,typology-pronouns,typology-language,typology-alternaten,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-modifiedco,typology-glides,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-nasalvowel,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-pronouns,typology-language,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-pronouns,typology-language,typology-dialect,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-affricates,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-glides,typology-tones,typology-pronouns,typology-language,typology-location,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-pronouns,typology-language,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-pronouns,typology-language,typology-alternaten,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-modifiedco,typology-glides,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-stress,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-language,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-pronouns,typology-language,typology-alternaten,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-modifiedco,typology-glides,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-nasalvowel,typology-tones,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-language,typology-alternaten,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-vibrants,typology-modifiedco,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-nasalvowel,typology-syllable,typology-tones,typology-articles,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-language,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-pronouns,typology-language,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-pronouns,typology-language,typology-alternaten,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-grammar,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-vibrants,typology-modifiedco,typology-glides,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-nasalvowel,typology-modifiedvo,typology-demonstrat,typology-articles,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,typology-language,typology-alternaten,typology-location,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-pronouns,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-pronouns,typology-language,typology-location,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-pronouns,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-dictionary,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-vibrants,typology-modifiedco,typology-glides,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-nasalvowel,typology-modifiedvo,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-language,typology-alternaten,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-vibrants,typology-modifiedco,typology-glides,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-nasalvowel,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-language,typology-alternaten,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-dictionary,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-affricates,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-vibrants,typology-modifiedco,typology-glides,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-nasalvowel,typology-modifiedvo,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,
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