Lieber, Michael D. and Kalio H. Dikepa. 1974. Kapingamarangi Lexicon. Honolulu: Univ Press of Hawaii.
GRAMMAR:GD: Elbert, Samuel H. 1948. Grammar and Comparative Study of the Language of Kapingamarangi: Texts and Word Lists. Washington, D.C.: National Research Council.
OTHERSOURC:AL 6:7
CONSONANTS:
p ph t th k kh
h m m̥ n n̥ ŋ ŋ̥
ɹ ɹ̥
STOPS:p ph t th k kh
FRICATIVES:h
NASALS:m m̥ n n̥ ŋ ŋ̥
VIBRANTS:ɹ ɹ̥
GLIDES:w w̥
FRONTVOWEL:i e
CENTRALVOW:a
BACKVOWELS:u o
LONGVOWELS:v̄ all
DIPHTHONGS:diphthonɡs
STRESS:penult or on long vowel
DEMONSTRAT:3
ARTICLES:def indef
PRONOUNS:
1 4die 4ie 2 5d 5 3 6d 6
SYNTAX:SVO/VSO NA NG ND POSS-N N-NUM N-POSS/POSS-N
GRAMMAR:GD: Fuentes, Jordi. 1960. Diccionario y gramática de la lengua de la Isla de Pascua. Santiago, Chile: Editorial Andres Bell.
OTHERSOURC:
Langdon, Robert and Darrell Tryon. 1983. The Language of Easter Island: Its Development and Eastern Polynesian Relationships. Laie, Hawaii: Institute for Polynesian Studies. AL 6:7
Lemaitre, Yves. 1973. Lexique du tahitien contemporain. Paris: Office de la Recherche Scientifique et Technique Outre-Mer.
GRAMMAR:
GD: Janssen, Tepano. 1969. Grammaire et dictionnaire de la langue tahitienne. Paris: Musée de l'Homme. Lovy, R. D, and L.-J Bouge 1953. Grammaire de la langue tahitienne. Paris: Musée de l'Homme. Coppenrath, Hubert and Paul Prevost. 1975. Grammaire approfondie de la langue tahitienne. Papeete, Tahiti: Librairie Pureora.
TEXTBOOKS:Tryon, D. T. 1970. Conversational Tahitian. Berkeley: Univ of California Press.
CONSONANTS:
p t ʔ
f v h m n
ɾ
STOPS:p t ʔ
FRICATIVES:f v h
NASALS:m n
VIBRANTS:ɾ
FRONTVOWEL:i e
CENTRALVOW:a
BACKVOWELS:u o
LONGVOWELS:v̄ all
DIPHTHONGS:ai au ae oi
SYLLABLE:(C)V
STRESS:penult or on first long vowel or diphthong
DEMONSTRAT:3 + ref
ARTICLES:def indef
PRONOUNS:
1 4die 4ie 2 5d 5 2 6d 6
SYNTAX:VSO NA NG/GN DN NUM-N/N-NUM POSS-N D+N+A+NUM
DICTIONARY:Savage, Stephen. 1962. A Dictionary of the Maori Language of Rarotonga. Wellington: Dept of Island Territories.
OTHERSOURC:
Busem, J. E. 1960. "Rarotongan Personal Pronouns : Form and Distribution," BSOAS 23, 123-37. Buse, J. E. 1963a. "Rarotongan Sentence Structures," BSOAS 26, 632-45. Buse, J. E. 1963b. "The Structure of Rarotongan Nominal Negative and Conjunctival Pieces," BSOAS 26, 393-419. Buse J. E. 1965. "Problems of Morphology and Classification Illustrated from Rarotongan," Lingua15, 32-47. AL 6:7
DICTIONARY:Stimson, J. Frank and Donald S. Marshall. 1964. A Dictionary of Some Tuamotuan Dialects of the Polynesian Language. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff.
OTHERSOURC:
Kuki, Hiroshi. 1970a. Tuamotuan Phonology. PL B17. Kuki, Hiroshi. 1970. "The Place of the Glottal Stop in Tuamotuan," Te Reo 13, 46-62. Devita, Phil. 1971. "A Partial Investigation of the Spatial Forms of Some Tuamotuan Dalects," AL 13, 401-20. AL 6:7
Biggs, Bruce G. 1966. English-Maori Dictionary. Wellington: A. H. & A. W. Reed. Williams, Herbert W. 1971. A Dictionary of the Maori Language. Wellington: Government Printer.
GRAMMAR:
Biggs, Bruce G. 1961. "The Structure of New Zealand Maori," AL 3:3, 1-54. Hohepa, Patrick W. 1967. A Profile Generative Grammar of Maori. Bloomington: Indiana Univ. Krupa, Victor. 1968. The Maori Language. Moscow: Nauka.
TEXTBOOKS:
Smyth, Patrick. 1957. Te Reo Maori. Christchurch: Whitcombe and Tombs. Harawira, K. T. 1961. Teach Yourself Maori. Wellington: A. H. and A. W. Reed. Biggs, Bruce G. 1973. Let's Learn Maori. Wellington: A. H. and A. W. Reed. Jones, A. Morris. 1953. "Phonetics of the Maori Langauge" JPS 62, 237-41.
OTHERSOURC:Krupa, Victor. 1966. Morpheme and Word in Maori. The Hague: Mouton.
CONSONANTS:
p t k
ɸ h m n ŋ
ɾ
STOPS:p t k
FRICATIVES:ɸ h
NASALS:m n ŋ
VIBRANTS:ɾ
GLIDES:w
FRONTVOWEL:I ɛ
CENTRALVOW:ǝ
BACKVOWELS:ʋ ɔ
LONGVOWELS:ī ē ā ū ō
DIPHTHONGS:ei ae ai ao au ou ea ia ua oa
SYLLABLE:(C)V
STRESS:non-phonemic
DEMONSTRAT:3 + ref
ARTICLES:def, indef
PRONOUNS:
1 4die 4ie 2 5d 5 2 6d 6
SYNTAX:VSO NA GN/NG DN/(ND [in D-N-D]) NUM-N/N-NUM POSS-N D+N+A
DICTIONARY:Pukui, Mary K. and Samuel H. Elbert. 1971. Hawaiian Dictionary. Honolulu: Univ of Hawaii Press.
GRAMMAR:Alexander, W. D. 1968. A Short Synopsis of the Most Essential Points in Hawaiian Grammar. Rutland Vermont: Charles E. Tuttle.
TEXTBOOKS:
Elbert, Samuel H. and Samuel A. Keala. 1970 Conversational Hawaiian. Honoloulu: Univ of Hawaii Press. Kahananui. Dorothy M. and Albert P. Anthony. 1974. Let's Speak Hawaiian. Honolulu: Univ Press of Hawaii. AL 6:7
OTHERSOURC:AL 6:7
CONSONANTS:
p k ʔ h v m n l
STOPS:p k ʔ
FRICATIVES:v h
NASALS:m n
LATERALS:l
VOWELS:
I ʋ ɛ ǝ ɔ
FRONTVOWEL:I ɛ
CENTRALVOW:ǝ
BACKVOWELS:ʋ ɔ
LONGVOWELS:ī ē ā ū ō
DIPHTHONGS:ai ae au ao ei eu iu ou
SYLLABLE:(C)V
STRESS:penult
DEMONSTRAT:3 + ref
ARTICLES:indef def
PRONOUNS:
1 4die 4ie 2 5d 5 2 6d 6
SYNTAX:VSO NA NG DN(ND [D-N-D]) NUM-N/(N-NUM) POSS-N
PREPPOST:PREP
NUMBER:3593
LANGUAGE:Kusunda
LOCATION:W Nepal
POPULATION:nearly extinct
CLASSIFICA:Indo-Pacific: Kusunda
GRAMMAR:GD: Reinhard, Johan and Tim Toba. 1970. A Preliminary Linguistic Analysis and a Vocabulary of the Kusunda Language. Nepal.
OTHERSOURC:
Whitehouse, Paul, Timothy Usher, Merritt Ruhlen and William S-Y. Wang. 2004. "Kusunda: an Indo-Pacific Language in Nepal,'' Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 101: 5692--5695.
CONSONANTS:
p ph t th k kh ʔ b b̤ d d̤ ɡ ɡ̤ ts dz s (š) h z m n (ñ) ŋ l ɾ
STOPS:p ph b b̤ t th d d̤ k kh ɡ ɡ̤ ʔ
AFFRICATES:ts dz
FRICATIVES:s z (š) h
NASALS:m n (ñ) ŋ
LATERALS:l
VIBRANTS:ɾ
GLIDES:j w
VOWELS:
i u e (ǝ) o a
FRONTVOWEL:i e
CENTRALVOW:(ǝ) a
BACKVOWELS:u o
SYLLABLE:(C)V(C)
SYNTAX:SOV AN GN DN NUM-N POSS-N
PREPPOST:POST
COMMENTS:Kusunda was long misclassified as a Tibeto-Burman language. Whitehouse, Usher, Ruhlen and Wang (2004) have shown that it is rather Indo-Pacific.
NUMBER:3594
LANGUAGE:Tasmanian
LOCATION:Australia (Tasmania)
POPULATION:extinct 1876
CLASSIFICA:Indo-Pacific: Tasmanian
DICTIONARY:
Plomley, N. J. B. 1976. A Word-List of the Tasmanian Aboriginal Languages. Hobart. Schmidt, Wilhelm. 1952. Die Tasmanischen Sprachen. Utrecht: Spectrum.
OTHERSOURC:
Wurm, S. A. 1972. Languages of Australia and Tasmania. The Hague: Mouton. Dixon, R. M. W. 1979. "The Nature and Development of Australian Languages," ARA 8, 431-43. LOA
CONSONANTS:
p t c k h ɣ m n ñ ŋ l r
STOPS:p t c k
FRICATIVES:ɣ h
NASALS:m n ñ ŋ
LATERALS:l
VIBRANTS:r
MODIFIEDCO:cj ?
GLIDES:j w
VOWELS:
i u a
FRONTVOWEL:i
CENTRALVOW:a
BACKVOWELS:u
LONGVOWELS:v̄ ?
SYLLABLE:(C)(C)V(C)
DEMONSTRAT:2
PRONOUNS:
1 4 2 3
SYNTAX:NA ND N-POSS
NUMBER:3595
LANGUAGE:Aka-Cari
LOCATION:Andaman Islands
POPULATION:extinct
CLASSIFICA:Indo-Pacific: Andaman Islands: Great Andamanese: Northern
CONSONANTS:
NUMBER:3596
LANGUAGE:Aka-Kora
LOCATION:Andaman Islands
POPULATION:extinct
CLASSIFICA:Indo-Pacific: Andaman Islands: Great Andamanese: Northern
CONSONANTS:
NUMBER:3597
LANGUAGE:Aka-Bo
LOCATION:Andaman Islands
POPULATION:extinct
CLASSIFICA:Indo-Pacific: Andaman Islands: Great Andamanese: Northern
CONSONANTS:
NUMBER:3598
LANGUAGE:Aka-Jeru
LOCATION:Andaman Islands
POPULATION:extinct
CLASSIFICA:Indo-Pacific: Andaman Islands: Great Andamanese: Northern
CONSONANTS:
NUMBER:3599
LANGUAGE:Aka-Kede
LOCATION:Andaman Islands
POPULATION:extinct
CLASSIFICA:Indo-Pacific: Andaman Islands: Great Andamanese: Central
CONSONANTS:
NUMBER:3600
LANGUAGE:Aka-Kol
LOCATION:Andaman Islands
POPULATION:extinct
CLASSIFICA:Indo-Pacific: Andaman Islands: Great Andamanese: Central