OTHERSOURC:Breen, J. G. 1976. "An Introduction to Gog-Nar," in LCY, 243-59.
CONSONANTS:
p t̯ t c k
β ɣ m n̯ n ñ ŋ l ɾ r ɹ̣̣
STOPS:p t̯ t c k
FRICATIVES:β ɣ
NASALS:m n̯ n ñ ŋ
LATERALS:l
VIBRANTS:ɾ r ɹ̣̣
GLIDES:j w
FRONTVOWEL:i e ø
CENTRALVOW:ǝ a
BACKVOWELS:u o
LONGVOWELS:v̄ ?
SYLLABLE:(C)CV(C)(C)(C)
STRESS:initial
PRONOUNS:
1 4d 4 2 5d 5 3 6d 6
SYNTAX:SOV NA ND N-POSS
ERGATIVE:erg
PREPPOST:POST
NUMBER:4482
LANGUAGE:Thaypan
ALTERNATEN:Kuku-Thaypan
LOCATION:NE Australia (N Queensland)
CLASSIFICA:Australian: Pama-Nyungan: Paman: Central
OTHERSOURC:
Rigsby, Bruce. 1976a. "Kuku-Thaypan Descriptive and Historical Phonology," in LCY, 68-77. Rigsby, Bruce. 1976b. "Possession in Kuku-Thaypan," in LCY, 260-8.
CONSONANTS:
p mb t̯ n̯d̯ t nd c ñɟ k ŋɡ
β ð ɣ m n̯ n ñ ŋ l r ṛ
STOPS:p mb t̯ n̯d̯ t nd c ñɟ k ŋɡ
FRICATIVES:β ð ɣ
NASALS:m n̯ n ñ ŋ
LATERALS:l
VIBRANTS:r ṛ
GLIDES:j w
FRONTVOWEL:i e (æ)
CENTRALVOW:ɨ a
BACKVOWELS:u o (ɔ)
STRESS:on first vowel following a consonant
PRONOUNS:
1 4d 4 2 5d 5 3 6d 6
SYNTAX:SOV NA GN N-NUM N-POSS
ERGATIVE:erg
PREPPOST:POST
NUMBER:4483
LANGUAGE:Aghu-Tharnggala
LOCATION:Australia
CLASSIFICA:Australian: Pama-Nyungan: Paman: Central
CONSONANTS:
NUMBER:4484
LANGUAGE:Gogo Mini
LOCATION:Australia
CLASSIFICA:Australian: Pama-Nyungan: Paman: Central
CONSONANTS:
NUMBER:4485
LANGUAGE:Dagalag
LOCATION:Australia
CLASSIFICA:Australian: Pama-Nyungan: Paman: Central
CONSONANTS:
NUMBER:4486
LANGUAGE:Kawarrangg
LOCATION:Australia
CLASSIFICA:Australian: Pama-Nyungan: Paman: Central
CONSONANTS:
NUMBER:4487
LANGUAGE:Oykangand
LOCATION:NE Australia (N Queensland)
POPULATION:60
CLASSIFICA:Australian: Pama-Nyungan: Paman: Central
OTHERSOURC:
Sommer, B. A. and E. G. Sommer. 1967. "Kunjen Pronouns and Kinship," in PL A10, 53-9. Sommer, B. A. 1969. Kunjen Phonology: Synchronic and Diachronic. PL B11. Sommer, Bruce A. 1970. "An Australian Language without CV syllables," IJAL 36, 57-8. Sommer, Bruce A. 1972. Kunjen Syntax: A Generative View. Canberra: AIAS.
CONSONANTS:
p ph t̯ t̯h t th c ch k kh
f (ð) ɣ m n̯ n ñ ŋ l r̥ ɹ̣̣
STOPS:p ph t̯ t̯h t th c ch k kh
FRICATIVES:f (ð) ɣ
NASALS:m n̯ n ñ ŋ
LATERALS:l
VIBRANTS:r̥ ɹ̣̣
GLIDES:j w
FRONTVOWEL:I ɛ
CENTRALVOW:a
BACKVOWELS:ʋ o
SYLLABLE:VC(C)(C)(C)
STRESS:phonemic
PRONOUNS:
1 4die 4ie 2 5d 5 3 6d 6
SYNTAX:SOV NA NG ND N-POSS
ERGATIVE:erg
PREPPOST:POST
NUMBER:4488
LANGUAGE:Kurtjar
LOCATION:Australia
CLASSIFICA:Australian: Pama-Nyungan: Paman: Norman
CONSONANTS:
NUMBER:4489
LANGUAGE:Kuthant
LOCATION:Australia
CLASSIFICA:Australian: Pama-Nyungan: Paman: Norman
CONSONANTS:
NUMBER:4490
LANGUAGE:Walangama
LOCATION:NE Australia (N Queensland)
CLASSIFICA:Australian: Pama-Nyungan: Paman: Norman
de Zwaan, Jan Daniel. 1969. A Preliminary Analysis of Gogo-Yimidjir. Canberra: AIAS. GD: Haviland, John. 1979a. "Guugu Yimidhirr," in HAL 1, 26-180.
OTHERSOURC:Haviland, John B. 1979b. "How to Talk to Your Brother-in-law in Guugu Yimidhirr," in LTS, 160-239.
CONSONANTS:
b d̯ d ɟ ɡ (According to de Zwaan (1969), men's speech shows a preference for voiced stop allophones, while women's speech prefers voiceless stop allophones.)
m n̯ n ñ ŋ l r ɹ̣̣
STOPS:b d̯ d ɟ ɡ (According to de Zwaan (1969), men's speech shows a preference for voiced stop allophones, while women's speech prefers voiceless stop allophones.)
NASALS:m n̯ n ñ ŋ
LATERALS:l
VIBRANTS:r ɹ̣̣
GLIDES:j w
FRONTVOWEL:i
CENTRALVOW:a
BACKVOWELS:u
LONGVOWELS:v̄ all
MODIFIEDVO:vowel harmony
SYLLABLE:CV(C)
STRESS:initial (& on v̄)
NOUNNUMBER:s p
DEMONSTRAT:2
PRONOUNS:
1 4d(ie) 4 2 5d 5 3 6d 6 "Free pronouns . . . refer, with few exceptions, to animate beings usually to humans." Haviland 1979a, 65.
SYNTAX:SOV NA GN/NG DN N-NUM POSS-N/N-POSS
ERGATIVE:erg
PREPPOST:POST
NUMBER:4498
LANGUAGE:Gugu Yalandyi
ALTERNATEN:Kuku-Yalanji
LOCATION:NE Australia (N Queensland)
POPULATION:500
CLASSIFICA:Australian: Pama-Nyungan: Yalanjic
GRAMMAR:GD: Oates, William, et al. 1964. Gugu-Yalanji and Wik-Munkan Language Studies. Canberra: AIAS.
OTHERSOURC:
Oates, Lynette. 1964. "Distribution of Phonemes and Syllables in Gugu-Yalanji," AL 6:1, 23-6. Hershberger, Ruth. 1964a. "Notes on Gugu-Yalanji Verbs," in PLAA, 35-54. Hershberger, Ruth. 1964b. "Personal Pronouns in Gugu-Yalanji," in PLAA, 55-68. Hershberger, Ruth. 1964c. "-Ku 'then' and -Da 'now' in Gugu-Yalanji," in PLAA, 69-72. Hershberger, Henry. 1964a. "Case Marking Affixes in Gugu-Yalanji," in PLAA, 73-82. Hershberger, Henry. 1964b. "Gugu-Yalanji Noun Phrases," in PLAA, 83-90. Oates, William and Lynette Oates. 1964. "Gugu-Yalanji Linguistic and Anthropological Data," in Gugu-Yalanji and Wik-Munkan Language Studies, 1-17. Hershberger, Ruth. 1970. "Sentence Types in Gugu-Yalanji," in PL C13, 811-24. Hershberger, Henry and Eunice V. Pike. 1970. "Stress as Related to the Grammar of Gugu-Yalanji," in PL C13, 791-810.
CONSONANTS:
b d ɟ ɡ
m n ñ ŋ l r ɹ̣̣
STOPS:b d ɟ ɡ
NASALS:m n ñ ŋ
LATERALS:l
VIBRANTS:r ɹ̣̣
GLIDES:j w
FRONTVOWEL:i
CENTRALVOW:a
BACKVOWELS:u
MODIFIEDVO:vowel harmony
SYLLABLE:(C)CV(C)
STRESS:initial
NOUNNUMBER:human nouns have reduplicated plurals
PRONOUNS:
1 4d 4ie 2 5d 5 3 6d 6 5 is sometimes used as an honorific 2 by men in a brother-in-law relationship to each other.
SYNTAX:SOV NA GN DN N-NUM POSS-N/(N-POSS) D+N+A+Num
PREPPOST:POST
NUMBER:4499
LANGUAGE:Dyaabugay
ALTERNATEN:Djabugay
LOCATION:NE Australia (NE Queensland)
CLASSIFICA:Australian: Pama-Nyungan: Yidinyic
OTHERSOURC:
Hale, Kenneth. 1976. "Tyaˑpukay (Djaabugay)," in LCY, 236-42. WALS
CONSONANTS:
p t c k
m n ñ ŋ l r ɹ
STOPS:p t c k
NASALS:m n ñ ŋ
LATERALS:l
VIBRANTS:r ɹ
GLIDES:j w
FRONTVOWEL:i
CENTRALVOW:a
BACKVOWELS:u
LONGVOWELS:v̄ all
STRESS:initial
DEMONSTRAT:2
PRONOUNS:
1 4 2 5 *3 *6
SYNTAX:SOV
NUMBER:4500
LANGUAGE:Yidiny
LOCATION:NE Australia (NE Queensland)
CLASSIFICA:Australian: Pama-Nyungan: Yidinyic
GRAMMAR:Dixon, R. M. W. 1977. A Grammar of Yidiny. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ Press.
CONSONANTS:
b d ɟ ɡ
m n ñ ŋ l r ɹ̣
STOPS:b d ɟ ɡ
NASALS:m n ñ ŋ
LATERALS:l
VIBRANTS:r ɹ̣
GLIDES:j w
FRONTVOWEL:i
CENTRALVOW:a
BACKVOWELS:u
LONGVOWELS:v̄ all
SYLLABLE:(C)V(C)
STRESS:on 1st v̄; if no v̄, initial
DEMONSTRAT:3
PRONOUNS:
1 4d 4 2 5 *3
SYNTAX:SOV NA GN/NG DN N-NUM POSS-N/N-POSS D+N+Num+A
