Типологическая база данных : Результат запроса

NUMBER: 4881

LANGUAGE: Chuj

DIALECT: San Sebastian, San Mateo

LOCATION: NW Guatemala

POPULATION: 14,000

CLASSIFICA: Amerind: Penutian: Mexican: Mayan: Greater Kanjobalan

GRAMMAR: Williams, Kenneth and Barbara Williams. 1966. "Chuj," in LG, 219-34.

OTHERSOURC: WPF

CONSONANTS:

   p t t^ʔk k^ʔ q ʔ
^ʔb
    t^s t^sʔ č č^ʔ
    s š x
m n ŋ
    l
    r

STOPS: p ^ʔb t t^ʔk k^ʔ q ʔ

AFFRICATES: t^s t^sʔ č č^ʔ

FRICATIVES: s š x

NASALS: m n ŋ

LATERALS: l

VIBRANTS: r

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

i u
e o
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u o

LONGVOWELS: ā

STRESS: final

ARTICLES: def

PRONOUNS:

1 4ie
2 5
3 6

SYNTAX: VSO/VOS NA NG ND NUM-N POSS-N N+A+D [The San Sebastian dialect is VSO; the San Mateo dialect is VSO/VOS.]

PREPPOST: PREP

NUMBER: 4882

LANGUAGE: Mocho

LOCATION: S Mexico (S Chiapas)

CLASSIFICA: Amerind: Penutian: Mexican: Mayan: Greater Kanjobalan

OTHERSOURC: Englund, Nora C. 1991. "Changes in Basic Word Order in Mayan Languages," IJAL 57: 446-86.

CONSONANTS:

SYNTAX: VSO/VOS

NUMBER: 4883

LANGUAGE: Kanjobal

ALTERNATEN: Q'anjob'al

LOCATION: N Guatemala

CLASSIFICA: Amerind: Penutian: Mexican: Mayan: Greater Kanjobalan

OTHERSOURC: Englund, Nora C. 1991. "Changes in Basic Word Order in Mayan Languages," IJAL 57: 446-86.

CONSONANTS:

SYNTAX: VSO

NUMBER: 4884

LANGUAGE: Acatec

ALTERNATEN: Akateko

LOCATION: W Guatemala (Huehuetenango)

POPULATION: 40,000

CLASSIFICA: Amerind: Penutian: Mexican: Mayan: Greater Kanjobalan

OTHERSOURC:

Dakin, Karen. 1976. "Acateco [Kanjobal] Texts," NATS 1:1, 123-36.
Englund, Nora C. 1991. "Changes in Basic Word Order in Mayan Languages," IJAL 57: 446-86.

CONSONANTS:

   p t k k^ʔq q^ʔ ʔ
b^ʔ
    t^s t^sʔč̣ č̣^ʔč č^ʔ
    s ṣ̌ š x h
m n
    l
    ɾ

STOPS: p b^ʔ tk k^ʔq q^ʔ ʔ

AFFRICATES: t^s t^sʔč̣ č̣^ʔč č^ʔ

FRICATIVES: s ṣ̌ š x h

NASALS: m n

LATERALS: l

VIBRANTS: ɾ

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

i u
e o
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u o

STRESS: final

DEMONSTRAT: 2

ARTICLES: VSO NG ND NUM-N POSS-N

SYNTAX: VSO/VOS

PREPPOST: PREP

NUMBER: 4885

LANGUAGE: Jacaltec

LOCATION: NW Guatemala

POPULATION: 12,000

CLASSIFICA: Amerind: Penutian: Mexican: Mayan: Greater Kanjobalan

GRAMMAR:

Church, Clarence and Kay Church. 1966. "Jacaltec Grammar," in LG, 206-18.
Day, Christopher. 1973. The Jacaltec Language. Bloomington: Indiana Univ.
Craig, Colette Grinevald. 1977. The Structure of Jacaltec. Austin: Univ of Texas Press.

OTHERSOURC:

Church, Clarence and Katherine Church. 1960. "The Jacaltec Noun Phrase," in MSI, 157-70.
Day, Christopher. 1976. "Someone Else's Dog: A Jacaltec Story," NATS 1:1, 98-104.
Craig, Colette Grinevald. 1979. "Jacaltec: Field Work in Guatemala," in LTS, 2-57.

CONSONANTS:

   p^h t^h t^ʔk^h k^ʔq^ʔ ʔ
^ʔb
    t^sh t^sʔ č̣^h č̣^ʔč^h č^ʔ
ɸ s ṣ̌ š χ h
m n ŋ
    l
    ɾ

STOPS: p^h ^ʔb t^h t^ʔk^h k^ʔq^ʔ ʔ

AFFRICATES: t^s^h t^sʔ č̣^h č̣^ʔč^h č^ʔ

FRICATIVES: ɸ s ṣ̌ š χ h

NASALS: m n ŋ

LATERALS: l

VIBRANTS: ɾ

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

i u
ɛ o
a

FRONTVOWEL: i ɛ

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u o

STRESS: final

NOUNNUMBER: s p

DEMONSTRAT: 2

ARTICLES: def indef

PRONOUNS:

1 4ie
2 5
*3 *6

SYNTAX: VSO NA/(AN) NG ND NUM-N POSS-N/(N-POSS [3]) Num+N+A+D

ERGATIVE: erg

PREPPOST: PREP

NUMBER: 4886

LANGUAGE: Teco

ALTERNATEN: Tekiteko

LOCATION: W Guatemala

POPULATION: 5,000

CLASSIFICA: Amerind: Penutian: Mexican: Mayan: Eastern: Greater Mamean

OTHERSOURC:

Kaufman, Terrence. 1969. "Teco - A New Mayan Language," IJAL 35, 154-74.
Englund, Nora C. 1991. "Changes in Basic Word Order in Mayan Languages," IJAL 57: 446-86.

CONSONANTS:

    p t (t^ʔ) k k^ʔ q q^ʔʔ
(b) ^ʔb (d)
t^s t^sʔ ṭ^s ṭ^sʔč č^ʔ
(f) s ṣ (š) (x) χ
m n
    l
    (ɾ) (r)

STOPS: p (b) ^ʔb t (t^ʔ) (d) k k^ʔ q q^ʔʔ

AFFRICATES: t^s t^sʔ ṭ^s ṭ^sʔč č^ʔ

FRICATIVES: (f) s ṣ (š) (x) χ

NASALS: m n

LATERALS: l

VIBRANTS: (ɾ) (r)

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

i u
e o
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u o

LONGVOWELS: v̄ all

STRESS: final

SYNTAX: VSO

NUMBER: 4887

LANGUAGE: Mam

LOCATION: NW Guatemala (San Macros)

POPULATION: 350,000

CLASSIFICA: Amerind: Penutian: Mexican: Mayan: Eastern: Greater Mamean

GRAMMAR: Sywulka, Edward. 1966. "Mam Grammar," in LG, 178-95.

OTHERSOURC: England, Nora C. 1976. "Mam Text," NATS 1:1, 88-97.

CONSONANTS:

   p t t^ʔ k k^ʔ q q^ʔʔ
^ʔb
    t^s t^sʔ č̣ č̣^ʔč č^ʔ
    s ṣ̌ š x
m n
    l
    r

STOPS: p ^ʔb t t^ʔ k k^ʔ q q^ʔʔ

AFFRICATES: t^s t^sʔ č̣ č̣^ʔč č^ʔ

FRICATIVES: s ṣ̌ š x

NASALS: m n

LATERALS: l

VIBRANTS: r

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

i u
e o
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u o

LONGVOWELS: v̄ all but o

STRESS: final

SYNTAX: VSO AN NG DN NUM-N POSS-N

PREPPOST: PREP

NUMBER: 4888

LANGUAGE: Aguacatec

ALTERNATEN: Awakateko

LOCATION: NW Guatemala (Huehuetenango)

POPULATION: 15,000

CLASSIFICA: Amerind: Penutian: Mexican: Mayan: Eastern: Greater Mamean

GRAMMAR:

McArthur, Harry and Lucille McArthur. 1966. "Aguacatec," in LG, 140-65.

OTHERSOURC:

McArthur, Harry and Lucile McArthur. 1956. "Aguacatec (Mayan) Phonemes within the Stress Group," IJAL 22, 72-6.
McArthur, Harry S. 1979. "The Role of Aspect in Distinguishing Aguacatec Discourse Types," in DSML, 97-121.
McArthur, Lucille E. 1979. "Highlighting in Aguacatec Discourse," in DSML, 219-44.
WPF

CONSONANTS:

   p t t^ʔ k k^ʔ q q^ʔ ʔ
ɓ
    t^s t^sʔ č̣ č̣^ʔ č č^ʔ
    s ṣ̌ š h
m n
    l
    (ɾ)

STOPS: p ɓ t t^ʔ k k^ʔ q q^ʔ ʔ

AFFRICATES: t^s t^sʔ č̣ č̣^ʔ č č^ʔ

FRICATIVES: s ṣ̌ š h

NASALS: m n

LATERALS: l

VIBRANTS: (ɾ)

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

I ʋ
ɛ ǝ o

FRONTVOWEL: I ɛ

CENTRALVOW: ǝ

BACKVOWELS: ʋ o

LONGVOWELS: ī ē ā ū ō

SYLLABLE: (C)(C)(C)(C)V(C)(C)(C)

STRESS: final

ARTICLES: def

PRONOUNS:

1 4
2 5
3 6
polite/familiar: 2

SYNTAX: VSO AN/NA NG DN/ND NUM-N POSS-N

PREPPOST: PREP

NUMBER: 4889

LANGUAGE: Ixil

DIALECT: Nebaj, Chajul, Cotzal

LOCATION: NW Guatemala (Quichй)

POPULATION: 25,000

CLASSIFICA: Amerind: Penutian: Mexican: Mayan: Eastern: Greater Mamean

GRAMMAR: Elliot, Raymond and Helen Elliot. 1966. "Ixil," in LG, 125-39.

OTHERSOURC:

Elliott, Ray. 1960. "Ixil (Mayan) Clause Structure," in MSI, 129-54.
Englund, Nora C. 1991. "Changes in Basic Word Order in Mayan Languages," IJAL 57: 446-86.

CONSONANTS:

   p^h t̪^h t̪^ʔ k^h k^ʔ q^h q^ʔ ʔ
ɓ
    t^s t^sʔ č̣ č̣^ʔ č č^ʔ
    s ṣ̌ š x
m n
    l
    ɾ

STOPS: p^h ɓ t̪^h t̪^ʔ k^h k^ʔ q^h q^ʔ ʔ

AFFRICATES: t^s t^sʔ č̣ č̣^ʔ č č^ʔ

FRICATIVES: s ṣ̌ š x

NASALS: m n

LATERALS: l

VIBRANTS: ɾ

GLIDES: j w

FRONTVOWEL: i e

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u o

STRESS: final

ARTICLES: def

SYNTAX: VSO/VOS AN NG ND NUM-N POSS-N [VSO in the Nebaj and Chajul dialects; VOS in the Cotzal dialect]

PREPPOST: PREP

NUMBER: 4890

LANGUAGE: Uspantec

LOCATION: C Guatemala

POPULATION: 3,000

CLASSIFICA: Amerind: Penutian: Mexican: Mayan: Eastern: Greater Quichean

CONSONANTS:

STRESS: final

ARTICLES: indef

SYNTAX: SVO/VOS AN/NA NG NUM-N POSS-N

PREPPOST: PREP

NUMBER: 4891

LANGUAGE: Kekchi

LOCATION: N Guatemala

POPULATION: 250,000

CLASSIFICA: Amerind: Penutian: Mexican: Mayan: Eastern: Greater Quichean

DICTIONARY:

Rosales Ponce, Emilio. 1965. Vocabulario espanol-qquecchi. Cobán, Alta Verapaz: El Norte.

GRAMMAR:

Haeserijn V., Esteban. 1966. Ensayo de la Gramatica del k'ekchi'. Purulha, B.V.: Imprenta Suquinay.
Eachus, Francis and Ruth Carlson. 1966. "Kekchi," in LG, 110-24.

OTHERSOURC:

Freeze, Ray. 1976. "K'ekchi' Texts," NATS 1:1, 21-31.
E

CONSONANTS:

    p t t^ʔk k^ʔ q q^ʔʔ
^ʔb
    t^s t^sʔ č č^ʔ
    s š x h
m n
    l
    r

STOPS: p ^ʔb t t^ʔk k^ʔ q q^ʔʔ

AFFRICATES: t^s t^sʔ č č^ʔ

FRICATIVES: s š x h

NASALS: m n

LATERALS: l

VIBRANTS: r

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

i u
e o
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u o

LONGVOWELS: v̄ all

STRESS: final

NOUNNUMBER: s p

DEMONSTRAT: 2

ARTICLES: def

PRONOUNS:

1 4
2 5
3 6

SYNTAX: SVO/VSO AN/NA NG ND/DN NUM-N POSS-N D+A+N

PREPPOST: PREP

NUMBER: 4892

LANGUAGE: Quiche

ALTERNATEN: K'iche'

LOCATION: Guatemala (Quichй)

POPULATION: 315,000

CLASSIFICA: Amerind: Penutian: Mexican: Mayan: Eastern: Greater Quichean

DICTIONARY:

Edmonson, Munro S. 1965. Quiche-English Dictionary. New Orleans: Middle American Research Institute, Tulane Univ.
Teletor, Celso Narciso. 1959. Diccionario castellano-quiche y voces Castellano-Pocomam. Guatemala City.

GRAMMAR: Fox, David. 1966. "Quiche Grammatical Sketch," in LG, 60-86.

TEXTBOOKS: Fox, David G. 1965. Lecciones elementales en quiché. Guatemala City: Ministerio de Educación.

OTHERSOURC: Englund, Nora C. 1991. "Changes in Basic Word Order in Mayan Languages," IJAL 57: 446-86.

CONSONANTS:

   p t t^ʔ k k^ʔ q q^ʔ ʔ
^ʔb
    t^s t^sʔ č č^ʔ
    s š x
m n
    l
    r

STOPS: p ^ʔb t t^ʔ k k^ʔ q q^ʔ ʔ

AFFRICATES: t^s t^sʔ č č^ʔ

FRICATIVES: s š x

NASALS: m n

LATERALS: l

VIBRANTS: r

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

i u
e ǝ o
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e

CENTRALVOW: ǝ a

BACKVOWELS: u o

STRESS: final

NOUNNUMBER: s p

ARTICLES: def

PRONOUNS:

1 4
2 5
3 6

SYNTAX: SVO/VSO/VOS AN NG DN NUM-N POSS-N [E gives SVO; Englund gives VSO/VOS.]

PREPPOST: PREP

COMMENTS: Most numerous Indian language in Guatemala.

NUMBER: 4893

LANGUAGE: Achi

LOCATION: Guatemala

POPULATION: 25,000

CLASSIFICA: Amerind: Penutian: Mexican: Mayan: Eastern: Greater Quichean

GRAMMAR: Shaw, Mary and Helen Neuenswander. 1966. "Achi," in LG, 15-48

OTHERSOURC: E

CONSONANTS:

   p t t^ʔ k k^ʔ q ʔ
^ʔb
    t^s t^sʔ č č^ʔ
    s š x
m n
    l
    r

STOPS: p ^ʔb t t^ʔ k k^ʔ q ʔ

AFFRICATES: t^s t^sʔ č č^ʔ

FRICATIVES: s š x

NASALS: m n

LATERALS: l

VIBRANTS: r

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

i u
e o
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u o

STRESS: final

NOUNNUMBER: s p

DEMONSTRAT: 2

ARTICLES: def indef

PRONOUNS:

1 4
2 5
3 6

SYNTAX: VSO/SVO AN/NA NG ND NUM-N POSS-N Num+A+N

PREPPOST: PREP

NUMBER: 4894

LANGUAGE: Sacapultec

LOCATION: S Guatemala (Quichй)

CLASSIFICA: Amerind: Penutian: Mexican: Mayan: Eastern: Greater Quichean

CONSONANTS:

NUMBER: 4895

LANGUAGE: Sipacapa

LOCATION: S Guatemala (San Marcos)

CLASSIFICA: Amerind: Penutian: Mexican: Mayan: Eastern: Greater Quichean

CONSONANTS:

NUMBER: 4896

LANGUAGE: Tzutujil

LOCATION: Guatemala

POPULATION: 50,000

CLASSIFICA: Amerind: Penutian: Mexican: Mayan: Eastern: Greater Quichean

OTHERSOURC:

Carlin, Ramon A. 1970. "Tzutujil (Mayan) Clause Nuclei," AL 12, 103-11.
Butler, James H. and Ilah Fleming. 1976. "Tzutujil Texts," NATS 1:1, 61-71.
Englund, Nora C. 1991. "Changes in Basic Word Order in Mayan Languages," IJAL 57: 446-86.

CONSONANTS:

   p t t^ʔ k k^ʔ q q^ʔ ʔ
ɓ ɗ
    t^s t^sʔ č č^ʔ
    s š h
m n
    l
    r

STOPS: p ɓ t t^ʔ ɗ k k^ʔ q q^ʔ ʔ

AFFRICATES: t^s t^sʔ č č^ʔ

FRICATIVES: s š h

NASALS: m n

LATERALS: l

VIBRANTS: r

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

I ʋ
ɛ ɐ ɔ

FRONTVOWEL: I ɛ

CENTRALVOW: ɐ

BACKVOWELS: ʋ ɔ

LONGVOWELS: ī ē ā ū ō

STRESS: final

NOUNNUMBER: s p

ARTICLES: def indef

SYNTAX: VSO/VOS AN/NA NG DN NUM-N POSS-N [According to Englund the San Juan and Santiago dialects are VOS; the San Pedro dialect is VSO/VOS. According to E the Western dialect is SVO.]

PREPPOST: PREP

NUMBER: 4897

LANGUAGE: Cakchiquel

ALTERNATEN: Kaqchikel

LOCATION: Guatemala (Chimaltenango)

POPULATION: 300,000

CLASSIFICA: Amerind: Penutian: Mexican: Mayan: Eastern: Greater Quichean

GRAMMAR: Townsend, W. Cameron. 1960. "Cakchiquel Grammar," in MSI, 9-79.

OTHERSOURC:

Grimes, James L. 1968. "The Linguistic Unity of Cakchiquel-Tzutujil," IJAL 34, 104-14.
Englund, Nora C. 1991. "Changes in Basic Word Order in Mayan Languages," IJAL 57: 446-86.
WALS

CONSONANTS:

   p t (t^ʔ) k k^ʔ q q^ʔʔ
ɓ (d) (ɡ)
    t^s t^sʔ č č^ʔ
(f) s š h
m n
    l
    r

STOPS: p ɓ t (t^ʔ) (d) k k^ʔ (ɡ) q q^ʔʔ

AFFRICATES: t^s t^sʔ č č^ʔ

FRICATIVES: (f) s š h

NASALS: m n

LATERALS: l

VIBRANTS: r

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

i u
e o
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u o

STRESS: final

NOUNNUMBER: s p

DEMONSTRAT: 2

ARTICLES: def

PRONOUNS:

1 4
2 5
3 6

SYNTAX: SVO/VSO/VOS AN/(NA) D-N-D(DN/ND) NUM-N POSS-N [E gives SVO for all dialects; WALS gives VOS; Englund gives VSO/VOS.]

PREPPOST: PREP

NUMBER: 4898

LANGUAGE: Pocomam

LOCATION: EL Salvador

POPULATION: 25,000

CLASSIFICA: Amerind: Penutian: Mexican: Mayan: Eastern: Greater Quichean

OTHERSOURC: Smith-Stark, Thomas C. 1976. "Jilotepequeño Pocomam Texts," NATS 1:1, 72-87.

CONSONANTS:

   p t k k^ʔ q q^ʔ ʔ
    č č^ʔ
    s š x h
m m^ʔn
    l
    ɾ

STOPS: p t k k^ʔ q q^ʔ ʔ

AFFRICATES: č č^ʔ

FRICATIVES: s š x h

NASALS: m m^ʔn

LATERALS: l

VIBRANTS: ɾ

GLIDES: j w w^ʔ

VOWELS:

i u
e o
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u o

LONGVOWELS: v̄

STRESS: final

ARTICLES: def

SYNTAX: SVO AN/NA NG ND NUM-N POSS-N

PREPPOST: PREP

NUMBER: 4899

LANGUAGE: Pocomchi

LOCATION: N Guatemala

POPULATION: 37,000

CLASSIFICA: Amerind: Penutian: Mexican: Mayan: Eastern: Greater Quichean

GRAMMAR: Mayers, Marvin K. and Marilyn A. Mayers. 1966. "Pocomchi," in LG, 87-109.

OTHERSOURC:

Mayers, Marvin. 1957. "Pocomchi Verb Structure," IJAL 23, 165-70.
Mayers, Marvin. 1958. Pocomchı́ Texts. SIL 2.
Mayers, Marvin K. 1960. "The Phonemes of Pocomchi," AL 2:9, 1-39.

CONSONANTS:

   p t t^ʔ k k^ʔ q q^ʔ ʔ
^ʔb
    t^st^sʔ č č^ʔ
    s š x h
m n
    l
    ɾ

STOPS: p ^ʔb t t^ʔ k k^ʔ q q^ʔ ʔ

AFFRICATES: t^s t^sʔ č č^ʔ

FRICATIVES: s š x h

NASALS: m n

LATERALS: l

VIBRANTS: ɾ

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

i u
e o
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u o

LONGVOWELS: v̄ all

SYLLABLE: (C)CV(C)(C), but no CCVCC

STRESS: final

NOUNNUMBER: s p

DEMONSTRAT: 2

ARTICLES: def indef

PRONOUNS:

1 4
2 5
3 6

SYNTAX: VOS AN NG ND NUM-N POSS-N

PREPPOST: PREP

NUMBER: 4900

LANGUAGE: Karok

LOCATION: NW California

POPULATION: 100

CLASSIFICA: Amerind: Hokan: Northern

GRAMMAR:

Bright, William. 1957. The Karok Language. UCPL 13.

OTHERSOURC:

Harrington, J. P. 1931. "Karuk Texts," IJAL 6,121-61.
Augulo, Jaime de and L. S. Freeland. 1931. "Karuk Texts," IJAL 6,194-226.
Jacobsen, William H. Jr. 1958. "Washo and Karok: An Approach to Comparative Hokan," IJAL 24,195-212.

CONSONANTS:

   p t k ʔ
    č
f θ s (š) x h
β
m n
    ɾ

STOPS: p t k ʔ

AFFRICATES: č

FRICATIVES: β f θ s (š) x h

NASALS: m n

VIBRANTS: ɾ

MODIFIEDCO: c̄ p t k č f θ s š x m n

GLIDES: j

VOWELS:

i ʋ
a

FRONTVOWEL: i

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: ʋ

LONGVOWELS: ī ē ā ʋ̄ ō

NASALVOWEL: (ı̃) (ã)

SYLLABLE: (C)V(C)

NOUNNUMBER: p only for personal nouns

DEMONSTRAT: 1

ARTICLES: def

PRONOUNS:

1 4
2 5
3 6
These are verbal prefixes.

SYNTAX: SOV/SVO NA GN DN NUM-N POSS-N

PREPPOST: POST