Типологическая база данных : Результат запроса

NUMBER: 4941

LANGUAGE: Yurimangui

LOCATION: W Colombia (Cauca)

POPULATION: extinct

CLASSIFICA: Amerind: Hokan: Southern

CONSONANTS:

NUMBER: 4942

LANGUAGE: Tlapanec

LOCATION: S Mexico (E Guerrero)

POPULATION: 50,000

CLASSIFICA: Amerind: Hokan: Southern: Tlapanecan

GRAMMAR: GD: Radin,Paul. 1935. "Notes on the Tlapanecan Language of Guerrero," IJAL 8, 45-72.

OTHERSOURC: Weathers, Mark L. 1976. "Tlapanec 1975," IJAL 42, 367-71.

CONSONANTS:

   p t k ʔ
b d ɡ
    s š h
m n
    l
    r

STOPS: p b t d k ɡ ʔ

FRICATIVES: s š h

NASALS: m n

LATERALS: l

VIBRANTS: r

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

i u
e o
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u o

LONGVOWELS: v̄ all

NASALVOWEL:

ṽ all
v̄̃ all

MODIFIEDVO: vowel harmony

TONES: hi mid lo hi-mid-ris lo-mid-fall

NOUNNUMBER: s d p

ARTICLES: def

PRONOUNS:

1 4
2 5
3 6d 6

SYNTAX: VSO NA GN N-POSS

PREPPOST: PREP

NUMBER: 4943

LANGUAGE: Subtiaba

LOCATION: Nicaragua

POPULATION: extinct

CLASSIFICA: Amerind: Hokan: Southern: Tlapanecan

OTHERSOURC: Oltrogge, David. 1977. "Proto Jicaque-Subtiaba-Tequistlateco: A Comparative Reconstruction," in Two Studies in Middle American Comparative Linguistics, SIL 55, 1-52.

CONSONANTS:

   p t t^ʔ k
b ^mb d ɡ
    s š χ h
m n ñ ŋ
    l

STOPS: p b ^mb t t^ʔ d k ɡ

FRICATIVES: s š χ h

NASALS: m n ñ ŋ

LATERALS: l

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

   i u
    o
    a

FRONTVOWEL: i

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u o

NUMBER: 4944

LANGUAGE: Kiowa

LOCATION: Oklahoma

POPULATION: 2,000

CLASSIFICA: Amerind: Central: Tanoan: Kiowa-Towa

DICTIONARY: Harrington, John Peabody. 1928. Vocabulary of the Kiowa Language. Washington, D.C.: Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin 84.

GRAMMAR: Trager, Edith Crowell. 1960. The Kiowa Language: A Grammatical Study. Philadelphia: Univ of Pennsylvania Diss.

OTHERSOURC:

Harrington, John P. 1946. "Three Kiowa Texts," IJAL 12, 237-43.
Crowell, Edith E. 1949. "A Preliminary Report on Kiowa Structure," IJAL 15, 163-7.
Wonderly, William L., Lorna F. Gibson and Paul L. Kirk. 1954. "Number in Kiowa: Nouns, Demonstratives, and Adjectives," IJAL 20, 1-7.
Sivertsen, Eva. 1956. "Pitch Problems in Kiowa," IJAL 22, 117-30.
Merrifield, William R. 1959. "The Kiowa Verb Prefix," IJAL 25, 168-76.

CONSONANTS:

   p p^h p^ʔ t t^h t^ʔ k k^h k^ʔ ʔ
b d ɡ
    t^s t^sʔ
    s h
    z
m n
    l

STOPS: p p^h p^ʔ b t t^h t^ʔ d k k^h k^ʔ ɡ ʔ

AFFRICATES: t^s t^sʔ

FRICATIVES: s z h

NASALS: m n

LATERALS: l

GLIDES: j

VOWELS:

   i u
e o
    ɔ
    a

FRONTVOWEL: i e

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u o ɔ

LONGVOWELS: v̄ all

NASALVOWEL:

ṽ all
v̄̃ all

SYLLABLE: (C)V(C)

TONES: hi lo

NOUNNUMBER: s d p

DEMONSTRAT: 2

PRONOUNS:

1 4die 4ie
2 5d 5
3 6d 6 + indef

SYNTAX: SOV NA DN NUM-N POSS-N

PREPPOST: PREP

NUMBER: 4945

LANGUAGE: Towa

LOCATION: N New Mexico

POPULATION: 1,250

CLASSIFICA: Amerind: Central: Tanoan: Kiowa-Towa

CONSONANTS:

NUMBER: 4946

LANGUAGE: Tewa

LOCATION: N New Mexico

CLASSIFICA: Amerind: Central: Tanoan: Tewa-Tiwa

OTHERSOURC:

Harrington, John P. 1946. "Three Tewa Texts," IJAL 13, 112-6.
Hoijer, Harry and Edward P. Dozier. 1949. "The Phonemes of Tewa, Santa Clara Dialect," IJAL 15, 139-44.
Dozier, Edward. 1953. "Tewa II: Verb Structure," IJAl 19, 118-27.
Yegerlehner, John. 1959. "Arizona Tewa I: Phonemes," IJAL 25, 1-7.

CONSONANTS:

   p p^ʔ t (t^j) t^ʔ k k^ʔ kʷ k^ʔʷ ʔ
b d ɡ
    t^s t^sʔč č^ʔ
    ɡ̌
ɸ θ s š x xʷ h hʷ
β
m n n^j
    ɾ

STOPS: p p^ʔ b t (t^j) t^ʔ d k k^ʔ ɡ kʷ k^ʔʷ ʔ

AFFRICATES: t^s t^sʔč č^ʔ ɡ̌

FRICATIVES: ɸ β θ s š x xʷ h hʷ

NASALS: m n n^j

VIBRANTS: ɾ

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

i u
e
(ɛ) ɔ
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e (ɛ)

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u o

LONGVOWELS: ī (ɛ̄) ā ū ō

NASALVOWEL:

ĩ ɛ̃ ã ũ
ɛ̃̄ ã̄ ũ̄

SYLLABLE: (C)V(C)

TONES: hi mid lo falling weak

ARTICLES: def

PRONOUNS:

1 (4d)* 4
2 (5d)* 5
3 (6d)* 6
*occur in prefixed pronouns only, not in independent pronouns.

SYNTAX: SOV NA GN DN NUM-N POSS-N

PREPPOST: POST

COMMENTS:

Age Lgs
>70 Bilingual: Tewa, Spanish
45-70 Trilingual: Tewa, Spanish, English
0-45 Bilingual: Tewa, English

NUMBER: 4947

LANGUAGE: Piro

CLASSIFICA: Amerind: Central: Tanoan: Tewa-Tiwa: Tiwa-Piro

NUMBER: 4948

LANGUAGE: Taos

LOCATION: N New Mexico

POPULATION: 3,600

CLASSIFICA: Amerind: Central: Tanoan: Tewa-Tiwa: Tiwa-Piro: Tiwa

TEXTBOOKS:

Trager, George L. 1944. "Spanish and English Loanwords in Taos," IJAL 10, 144-58.
Trager, George L. 1948. "Taos I: A Language Revisited," IJAL 14, 155-60.
Trager, Geoger L. 1954. "Taos II: Pronominal Reference," IJAL 20, 173-80.

CONSONANTS:

   p p^h p^ʔ t t^h t^ʔ k k^ʔ kʷ k^ʔʷ ʔ
b d ɡ
    t^s t^sʔ
    s x xʷ h
m n
    l ɬ
    ɾ

STOPS: p p^h p^ʔ b t t^h t^ʔ d k k^ʔ ɡ kʷ k^ʔʷ ʔ

AFFRICATES: t^s t^sʔ

FRICATIVES: s x xʷ h

NASALS: m n

LATERALS: l ɬ

VIBRANTS: ɾ

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

i u
e ǝ
a ɒ

FRONTVOWEL: i e

CENTRALVOW: ǝ a

BACKVOWELS: u ɒ

NASALVOWEL: ı̃ ɛ̃ ũ ɔ̃ ɑ̃

TONES: hi mid lo

NOUNNUMBER: s p

PRONOUNS:

1 4d 4
2 5d 5
3 6d 6
1=6d
These are noun prefixes; the only independent pronouns are 1 and 2.

SYNTAX: POSS-N

NOUNINCORP: noun incorp

NUMBER: 4949

LANGUAGE: Picuris

LOCATION: N New Mexico

POPULATION: 3,600

CLASSIFICA: Amerind: Central: Tanoan: Tewa-Tiwa: Tiwa-Piro: Tiwa

OTHERSOURC: Trager, Felicia Harben. 1971. "The Phonology of Pictures," IJAL 37, 29-33.

CONSONANTS:

   p p^h p^ʔ t t^h t^ʔ k k^ʔ kʷ k^ʔʷ ʔ
(b) (d) (ɡ)
    č
    s x xʷ h
m n
    l ɬ
    (r)

STOPS: p p^h p^ʔ (b) t t^h t^ʔ (d) k k^ʔ (ɡ) kʷ k^ʔʷ ʔ

AFFRICATES: č

FRICATIVES: s x xʷ h

NASALS: m n

LATERALS: l ɬ

VIBRANTS: (r)

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

i u
e ǝ o
ɑ

FRONTVOWEL: i e

CENTRALVOW: ǝ

BACKVOWELS: u o ɑ

NASALVOWEL: ṽ all

DIPHTHONGS: ia

TONES: hi mid lo

ARTICLES: SOV

PREPPOST: POST

NUMBER: 4950

LANGUAGE: Isleta

LOCATION: N New Mexico

POPULATION: 3,600

CLASSIFICA: Amerind: Central: Tanoan: Tewa-Tiwa: Tiwa-Piro: Tiwa

OTHERSOURC: Leap, William L. 1971. "Who were the Piro," AL 13, 321-30.

CONSONANTS:

   p p^h p^ʔ t̪ t̪^h t̪^ʔ k k^h k^ʔ
b d̪ ɡ
    t̪^s
    s̪ x h
m n̪
    ɬ̪
    r

STOPS: p p^h p^ʔ b t̪ t̪^h t̪^ʔ d̪ k k^h k^ʔ ɡ

AFFRICATES: t̪^s

FRICATIVES: s̪ x h

NASALS: m n̪

LATERALS: ɬ̪

VIBRANTS: r

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

i u
e ǝ
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e

CENTRALVOW: ǝ a

BACKVOWELS: u

NASALVOWEL: ṽ all

NUMBER: 4951

LANGUAGE: Sandia

LOCATION: N New Mexico

POPULATION: 3,600

CLASSIFICA: Amerind: Central: Tanoan: Tewa-Tiwa: Tiwa-Piro: Tiwa

OTHERSOURC: Brandt, Elizabeth. 1970. "On the Origins of Linguistic Stratification: The Sandia Case," AL 12, 46-50.

CONSONANTS:

   p p^h p^ʔ t t^h t^ʔ k k^h k^ʔ kʷ k^ʔʷ
b d ɡ
    č
    s š h hʷ
m n
    l ɬ
    r

STOPS: p p^h p^ʔ b t t^h t^ʔ d k k^h k^ʔ ɡ kʷ k^ʔʷ

AFFRICATES: č

FRICATIVES: s š h hʷ

NASALS: m n

LATERALS: l ɬ

VIBRANTS: r

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

i u
e ǝ
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e

CENTRALVOW: ǝ a

BACKVOWELS: u

NASALVOWEL: ṽ all

DIPHTHONGS:

ia ie ǝa ue ua
iẽ ǝã uã

TONES: hi mid lo

NUMBER: 4952

LANGUAGE: Proto-Uto-Aztecan

LOCATION: W North America

CLASSIFICA: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan

GRAMMAR: Langacker, Ronald W. 1977. Studies in Uto-Aztezan Grammar, vol. 1: An Overview of Proto-Uto-Aztecan Gramar. Dallas: SIL.

OTHERSOURC:

Langacker, Ronald W. 1970. "The Vowels of Proto Uto-Aztecan," IJAL 36, 169-80.
CTIL 4, 323.

CONSONANTS:

   p t k kʷ ʔ
    t^s
    s h
m n
    l

STOPS: p t k kʷ ʔ

AFFRICATES: t^s

FRICATIVES: s h

NASALS: m n

LATERALS: l

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

   i ɨ u
    o
    a

FRONTVOWEL: i

CENTRALVOW: ɨ a

BACKVOWELS: u o

LONGVOWELS: v̄ all

NOUNNUMBER: s p (anim nouns only)

DEMONSTRAT: 2

PRONOUNS:

1 4
2 5
3hH 6hH
h=hum H=non-hum

SYNTAX: SOV AN/(NA) GN DN NUM-N POSS-N(1,2,4,5,6) N-POSS(3 only) D+A+N

NOUNINCORP: noun incorp

PREPPOST: POST

COMMENTS: time depth: 5,000 B.P.

NUMBER: 4953

LANGUAGE: Northern Paiute

LOCATION: SE Idaho

POPULATION: 2,000

CLASSIFICA: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Numic: Western

OTHERSOURC:

Liljeblad, Sven. 1950. "Bannack I: Phonemes," IJAL 16, 126-31.
Davis, Irvine. 1966. "Numic Consonantal Correspondences," IJAL 32, 124-40.

CONSONANTS:

   p t k kʷ ʔ
b d ɡ ɡʷ
    t^s
    d^z ɡ̌
    s h
    z
m m̥ ^ʔm n n̥ ^ʔn ŋ

STOPS: p b t d k ɡ kʷ ɡʷ ʔ

AFFRICATES: t^s d^z ɡ̌

FRICATIVES: s z h

NASALS: m m̥ ^ʔm n n̥ ^ʔn ŋ

MODIFIEDCO: c̄ n

GLIDES: j ^ʔj w w̥^ʔw

VOWELS:

   i ɨ u
    o
    a

FRONTVOWEL: i

CENTRALVOW: ɨ a

BACKVOWELS: u o

SYLLABLE: (C)V

TONES: hi lo

STRESS: phonemic

SYNTAX: SOV AN DN POSS-N

NOUNINCORP: noun incorp

PREPPOST: POST

NUMBER: 4954

LANGUAGE: Mono

LOCATION: E California

POPULATION: 300

CLASSIFICA: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Numic: Western

GRAMMAR: Lamb, Sydney M. 1958. Northfork Mono Grammar. Berkeley: Univ of California Diss.

OTHERSOURC:

Klein, Sheldon. 1959. "Comparative Mono-Kawaiisu," IJAL 25, 233-8.
Davis, Irvine. 1966. "Numic Consonantal Correspondences," IJAL 32, 124-40.

CONSONANTS:

   p t ⁿt k kʷ q qʷ ʔ
b d ɡ ɡʷ G Gʷ
    t^s d^z
    s x h
m ^ʔm n ^ʔn

STOPS: p b t ⁿt d k ɡ kʷ ɡʷ q qʷ G Gʷ ʔ

AFFRICATES: t^s d^z

FRICATIVES: s x h

NASALS: m ^ʔm n ^ʔn

MODIFIEDCO: c̄ n

GLIDES: j j̥ ^ʔj w w̥^ʔw

VOWELS:

i ɨ u
e o
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e

CENTRALVOW: ɨ a

BACKVOWELS: u o

LONGVOWELS: v̄

STRESS: non-phonemic (on syllable containing second mora from end of word)

DEMONSTRAT: 2

ARTICLES: art

SYNTAX: SOV AN GN DN NUM-N POSS-N

NOUNINCORP: noun incorp

PREPPOST: POST

NUMBER: 4955

LANGUAGE: Koso

LOCATION: SE California

CLASSIFICA: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Numic: Central

CONSONANTS:

NUMBER: 4956

LANGUAGE: Shoshone

LOCATION: Wyoming

POPULATION: 5,000

CLASSIFICA: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Numic: Central

DICTIONARY: Tidzump, Malinda. 1970. Shoshone Thesaurus. Grand Forks, North Dakota: SIL.

OTHERSOURC:

Shimkin, D. B. 1949. "Shoshone, I-II," IJAL 15, 175-88 & 203-12.
Davis, Irvine. 1966. "Numic Consonantal Correspondences," IJAL 32, 124-40.

CONSONANTS:

   p t k kʷ ʔ
b d ^hd ɡ ɡʷ
    t^s d^z
    s h
    z
m m̥ n n̥ ŋʷ

STOPS: p b t d ^hd k ɡ kʷ ɡʷ ʔ

AFFRICATES: t^sd^z

FRICATIVES: s z h

NASALS: m m̥ n n̥ ŋʷ

MODIFIEDCO: ^Nc p t k kʷ t^s

GLIDES: j j̥ w̥

VOWELS:

i ɨ u
e o
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e

CENTRALVOW: ɨ a

BACKVOWELS: u o

LONGVOWELS: v̄ all

NOUNNUMBER: s d p

DEMONSTRAT: 5: very close/close/slightly removed/removed but in sight/out of sight

ARTICLES: def

PRONOUNS:

1 4die 4ie
2 5d 5
*3 *6d *6

SYNTAX: SOV AN GN DN NUM-N POSS-N D+A+N

NOUNINCORP: noun incorp

PREPPOST: PREP/POST

NUMBER: 4957

LANGUAGE: Comanche

LOCATION: W Texas

POPULATION: 5,000

CLASSIFICA: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Numic: Central

OTHERSOURC:

Riggs, Venda. 1949. "Alternate Phomemic Analyses of Comanche," IJAL 15, 229-31.
Osborn, Henry and William A. Smalley. 1949. "Formulae for Comanche Stem and Word Formation," IJAL 15, 93-9.
Casagrande, Joseph B. 1954. "Comanche Linguistic Acculturation," IJAL 20, 140-51.
Davis, Irvine. 1966. "Numic Consonantal Correspondences," IJAL 32, 124-40.

CONSONANTS:

   p t k kʷ ʔ
    t^s
    s h
β
m n
    ɾ

STOPS: p t k kʷ ʔ

AFFRICATES: t^s

FRICATIVES: β s h

NASALS: m n

VIBRANTS: ɾ

MODIFIEDCO: ^hc p t k kʷ t^s m n ɾ w

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

i ɨ u
e o
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e

CENTRALVOW: ɨ a

BACKVOWELS: u o

LONGVOWELS: v̄ all

MODIFIEDVO: v̥ all

SYLLABLE: CV(C)

STRESS: phonemic (but mostly initial)

NOUNNUMBER: s d p

DEMONSTRAT: 3 this, that distant, that out of sight

PRONOUNS:

1 4die 4ie
2 5d 5
*3 *6d *6

SYNTAX: SOV AN POSS-N

PREPPOST: POST

NUMBER: 4958

LANGUAGE: Kawaiisu

LOCATION: S California

POPULATION: 3,000

CLASSIFICA: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Numic: Southern

OTHERSOURC:

Klein, Sheldon. 1959. "Comparative Mono-Kawaiisu," IJAL 25, 233-8.
Davis, Irvine. 1966. "Numic Consonantal Correspondences," IJAL 32, 124-40.

CONSONANTS:

   p ^mp t k kʷ ʔ
b d ɡ ɡʷ
    t^s d^z
    s h
m n

STOPS: p ^mp b t d k ɡ kʷ ɡʷ ʔ

AFFRICATES: t^s d^z

FRICATIVES: s h

NASALS: m n

MODIFIEDCO: c̄ b m n

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

i ɨ u
e o
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e

CENTRALVOW: ɨ a

BACKVOWELS: u o

LONGVOWELS: v̄

NUMBER: 4959

LANGUAGE: Southern Paiute

LOCATION: SW Utah

POPULATION: 3,000

CLASSIFICA: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Numic: Southern

OTHERSOURC:

Davis, Irvine. 1966. "Numic Consonantal Correspondences," IJAL 32, 124-40.
Harms, Robert T. 1966. "Stress, Voice, and Length in Southern Paiute," IJAL 32, 228-35.
WPF

CONSONANTS:

   p t k kʷ q ʔ
b d ɡ ɡʷ
    t^s č
    s
m n ŋ ŋʷ

STOPS: p b t d k ɡ kʷ ɡʷ q ʔ

AFFRICATES: t^s č

FRICATIVES: s

NASALS: m n ŋ ŋʷ

MODIFIEDCO: ^hc p t k kʷ q t^s č s ^Nc p t k kʷ q t^s č

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

i ɨ u
a

FRONTVOWEL: i

CENTRALVOW: ɨ a

BACKVOWELS: u

LONGVOWELS: v̄ all

STRESS: phonemic

NOUNNUMBER: s p

DEMONSTRAT: 4 this/that near/ that far visible/that invisible

ARTICLES: def

PRONOUNS:

1 4d 4ie
2 5
3 6

SYNTAX: SOV GN ND NUM-N/(N-NUM) N-POSS

NOUNINCORP: noun incorp

PREPPOST: POST

NUMBER: 4960

LANGUAGE: Southern Paiute

LOCATION: Utah

POPULATION: 3,000

CLASSIFICA: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Numic: Southern

OTHERSOURC:

Davis, Irvine. 1966. "Numic Consonantal Correspondences," IJAL 32, 124-40.

CONSONANTS:

   p t k kʷ ʔ
b d ɡ ɡʷ
    t^s
    s
m ^ʔm n ^ʔn ŋ ^ʔŋ ŋʷ ^ʔŋʷ

STOPS: p b t d k ɡ kʷ ɡʷ ʔ

AFFRICATES: t^s

FRICATIVES: s

NASALS: m ^ʔm n ^ʔn ŋ ^ʔŋ ŋʷ ^ʔŋʷ

MODIFIEDCO: ^Nc p t k kʷ t^s

GLIDES: j ^ʔj w ^ʔw

VOWELS:

   i ɨ u
    o
    a

FRONTVOWEL: i

CENTRALVOW: ɨ a

BACKVOWELS: u o

LONGVOWELS: v̄ all

MODIFIEDVO: v̥ all

STRESS: phonemic