Wheeler, Alva and Margaret Wheeler. 1962. "Siona Phonemics (Western Tucanoan)," in SEIL I, 96-111. Wheeler, Alva. 1962. "A Siona Text Morphologically Analyzed," in SEIL I, 248-68.
POPULATION:900 in ethnic group; the language is extinct.
CLASSIFICA:Amerind: Equatorial
OTHERSOURC:
Créqui-Montfort, G. de and P. Rivet. 1920. "La langue kayuvava," IJAL 1, 245-65. Key, Harold. 1961. "Phonotactics of Cayuvava," IJAL 27, 143-50. Key, Harold. 1967. Morphology of Cayuvava. The Hague: Mouton. WALS
CONSONANTS:
p t k b d č ɡ̌ s š h β m n ñ ɾ
STOPS:p b t d k
AFFRICATES:č ɡ̌
FRICATIVES:β s š h
NASALS:m n ñ
VIBRANTS:ɾ
GLIDES:j w
VOWELS:
i ɨ u o ɛ ɔ æ a
FRONTVOWEL:i ɛ æ
CENTRALVOW:ɨ a
BACKVOWELS:u o ɔ
NASALVOWEL:ṽ all
MODIFIEDVO:vowel harmony
SYLLABLE:(C)(C)V
STRESS:phonemic, but usually antepenult
NOUNNUMBER:s p
ARTICLES:def
PRONOUNS:
1 4ie 2 5 3 6
SYNTAX:VOS AN NG DN NUM-N POSS-N/N-POSS
PREPPOST:PREP
NUMBER:5229
LANGUAGE:Camsa
LOCATION:SW Colombia
POPULATION:2,500
CLASSIFICA:Amerind: Equatorial
OTHERSOURC:
Howard, Linda. 1967. "Camsa Phonology," in PSCL, 73-87. Howard, Linda. 1977. "Camsa: Certain Features of Verb Inflection as Related to Paragraph Types," in DG II, 273-96.
CONSONANTS:
p t k b d ɡ ts ṭs č (ɸ) s ṣ š x m n ñ l ʎ ɾ
STOPS:p b t d k ɡ
AFFRICATES:ts ṭs č
FRICATIVES:(ɸ) s ṣ š x
NASALS:m n ñ
LATERALS:l ʎ
VIBRANTS:ɾ
GLIDES:j w
VOWELS:
i ɨ u ɛ o a
FRONTVOWEL:i ɛ
CENTRALVOW:ɨ a
BACKVOWELS:u o
DIPHTHONGS:ai oi ui ua ue ia io ie
SYLLABLE:(C)(C)(C)V
STRESS:mostly penult, sometimes final
SYNTAX:SVO/SOV NA GN DN NUM-N POSS-N
PREPPOST:POST
NUMBER:5230
LANGUAGE:Taruma
LOCATION:NW Brazil (Amazonas)
POPULATION:extinct
CLASSIFICA:Amerind: Equatorial
CONSONANTS:
NUMBER:5231
LANGUAGE:Trumai
LOCATION:C Brazil (Mato Grosso)
POPULATION:10
CLASSIFICA:Amerind: Equatorial
OTHERSOURC:
Monod, Aurore. 1971. "Quelques informations sur le trumai," in La dénomination des couleurs chez les mbay de moı̈ssala, by Jean-Pierre Caprile, Paris, SELAF, 106-109. AMAZ
CONSONANTS:
p t̪ t k ʔ d ts f s š x h̃ m n l r
STOPS:p t̪ t d k ʔ
AFFRICATES:ts
FRICATIVES:f s š x h̃
NASALS:m n
LATERALS:l
VIBRANTS:r
GLIDES:j w
VOWELS:
i ɨ u e o a
FRONTVOWEL:i e
CENTRALVOW:ɨ a
BACKVOWELS:u o
NOUNNUMBER:s d p
PRONOUNS:
1 4d 4 2 5d 5 3 6
SYNTAX:SOV GN
NUMBER:5232
LANGUAGE:Tusha
LOCATION:E Brazil (Pernambuco)
POPULATION:extinct
CLASSIFICA:Amerind: Equatorial
CONSONANTS:
NUMBER:5233
LANGUAGE:Yuracare
LOCATION:C Bolivia
CLASSIFICA:Amerind: Equatorial
OTHERSOURC:
Suárez, Jorge A. 1973. "Macro-Pano-Tacanan," IJAL 39, 137-54. LAND
CONSONANTS:
p t k ʔ b d ɡ č s ṣ š m n ñ l r
STOPS:p b t d k ɡ ʔ
AFFRICATES:č
FRICATIVES:s ṣ š
NASALS:m n ñ
LATERALS:l
VIBRANTS:r
GLIDES:j w
VOWELS:
i u e o a
FRONTVOWEL:i e
CENTRALVOW:a
BACKVOWELS:u o
LONGVOWELS:̏v̄ all
SYLLABLE:(C)V(C)
STRESS:non-phonemic (penult in nouns)
SYNTAX:SOV
NUMBER:5234
LANGUAGE:Saliba
LOCATION:EC Colombia
CLASSIFICA:Amerind: Equatorial: Piaroa-Saliba
OTHERSOURC:E
CONSONANTS:
SYNTAX:SOV
NUMBER:5235
LANGUAGE:Piaroa
LOCATION:SC Venezuela
CLASSIFICA:Amerind: Equatorial: Piaroa-Saliba
CONSONANTS:
NUMBER:5236
LANGUAGE:Cuica
LOCATION:NW Venezuela
POPULATION:extinct
CLASSIFICA:Amerind: Equatorial: Timote
OTHERSOURC:WALS
CONSONANTS:
SYNTAX:SVO
NUMBER:5237
LANGUAGE:Timote
LOCATION:NW Venezuela
POPULATION:extinct
CLASSIFICA:Amerind: Equatorial: Timote
OTHERSOURC:LAND
CONSONANTS:
SYNTAX:SVO
NUMBER:5238
LANGUAGE:Cofan
LOCATION:NE Ecuador
POPULATION:600
CLASSIFICA:Amerind: Equatorial: Jivaroan
OTHERSOURC:
Borman, M. B. 1962. "Cofan Phonemes," in SEIL I, 45-59. Borman, M. B. 1977. "Cofan Paragraph Structure and Function," in DG III, 289-338. WPF
CONSONANTS:
p ph t th k kh ʔ b d ɡ ts tsh č čh dz ɡ̌ f s š h β ɣ m n ñ ɾ
STOPS:p ph b t th d k kh ɡ ʔ
AFFRICATES:ts tsh dz č čh ɡ̌
FRICATIVES:β f s š r h
NASALS:m n ñ
VIBRANTS:ɾ
GLIDES:j
VOWELS:
i ɯ ɛ o a
FRONTVOWEL:i ɛ
CENTRALVOW:a
BACKVOWELS:ɯ o
NASALVOWEL:ṽ all
SYLLABLE:CV(ʔ)
STRESS:phonemic
PRONOUNS:
1 4 2 5 3 6
SYNTAX:SOV AN GN NUM-N/N-NUM POSS-N
PREPPOST:POST
NUMBER:5239
LANGUAGE:Esmeralda
LOCATION:W Ecuador
POPULATION:extinct
CLASSIFICA:Amerind: Equatorial: Jivaroan
CONSONANTS:
NUMBER:5240
LANGUAGE:Yaruro
LOCATION:S Venezuela
POPULATION:4,000
CLASSIFICA:Amerind: Equatorial: Jivaroan
OTHERSOURC:Mosonyi, Esteban Emilio. 1966. Morfologia del verbo yaruro. Caracas: Universidad Central de Venezuela.
CONSONANTS:
p ph t̪ t̪h k kh b d̪ ɡ č čh ɡ̌ h β m n̪ ñ ŋ ɾ ɾ̃