Типологическая база данных : Результат запроса

NUMBER: 81

LANGUAGE: Ligbi

LOCATION: Ivory Coast

POPULATION: 50,000

CLASSIFICA: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: Mande: Northern-Western: Northern: Ligbi-Numu

CONSONANTS:

NUMBER: 82

LANGUAGE: Numu

ALTERNATEN: Huela

LOCATION: Ivory Coast

CLASSIFICA: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: Mande: Northern-Western: Northern: Ligbi-Numu

CONSONANTS:

NUMBER: 83

LANGUAGE: Vai

LOCATION: NW Liberia

POPULATION: 40,000

CLASSIFICA: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: Mande: Northern-Western: Northern: Vai-Kono

GRAMMAR: Welmers, William E. 1976. A Grammar of Vai. UCPL 84.

CONSONANTS:

p t c k kp
b ɓ d ɟ ɡ ɡb
f s h
v z
m n ñ ŋ
l

STOPS: p b ɓ t d c ɟ k ɡ kp ɡb

FRICATIVES: f v s z h

NASALS: m n ñ ŋ

LATERALS: l

MODIFIEDCO: ^Ncb d ɟ ɡ ɡb

GLIDES: (j) w

VOWELS:

i u
e o
ɛ ɔ
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e ɛ

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u o ɔ

LONGVOWELS: v̄ all

NASALVOWEL:

ı̃ ɛ̃ ã ɔ̃
ı̃̄ ɛ̃̄ ã̄ ɔ̃̄

TONES: hi lo

NOUNNUMBER: s p (pl for personal nouns only)

DEMONSTRAT: 2

ARTICLES: def

PRONOUNS:

1 4
2 5
3 6

SYNTAX: SOV NA GN ND N-NUM POSS-N N+A+Num+D

PREPPOST: POST

NUMBER: 84

LANGUAGE: Kono

LOCATION: Sierra Leone

CLASSIFICA: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: Mande: Northern-Western: Northern: Vai-Kono

CONSONANTS:

NUMBER: 85

LANGUAGE: Kono

LOCATION: Liberia

POPULATION: 112,000

CLASSIFICA: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: Mande: Northern-Western: Northern: Vai-Kono

CONSONANTS:

NUMBER: 86

LANGUAGE: Mandinka

LOCATION: Gambia

POPULATION: 400,000

CLASSIFICA: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: Mande: Northern-Western: Northern: Mandekan

GRAMMAR: Rowlands, E. C. 1959. A Grammar of Gambian Mandinka. London: School of Oriental and African Studies, Univ of London.

CONSONANTS:

   p^h t^h k^h
b d (ɡ)
    č^h ɡ̌
f s h
m n ñ ŋ
    l
    r

STOPS: p^h b t^h d k^h (ɡ)

AFFRICATES: č^h ɡ̌

FRICATIVES: f s h

NASALS: m n ñ ŋ

LATERALS: l

VIBRANTS: r

MODIFIEDCO:

c̄
^Nc p b t d k ɡ č ɡ̌ s

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

i u
ɛ ɔ
a

FRONTVOWEL: i ɛ

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u ɔ

LONGVOWELS: ī ē ā ū ō

SYLLABLE: (C)V(N) Nˈ

NOUNNUMBER: s p

DEMONSTRAT: 2

PRONOUNS:

1 4
2 5
3 6

SYNTAX: SOV NA GN DN N-NUM POSS-N N+A+Num

PREPPOST: POST

NUMBER: 87

LANGUAGE: Mandinka

LOCATION: Senegal

CLASSIFICA: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: Mande: Northern-Western: Northern: Mandekan

CONSONANTS:

NUMBER: 88

LANGUAGE: Xasonke

LOCATION: Mali

POPULATION: 60,000

CLASSIFICA: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: Mande: Northern-Western: Northern: Mandekan

CONSONANTS:

NUMBER: 89

LANGUAGE: Maninka

ALTERNATEN: Malinka

LOCATION: Mali

POPULATION: 1.2 million

CLASSIFICA: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: Mande: Northern-Western: Northern: Mandekan

DICTIONARY: Nicol, Joseph. 1967. Français-mandique lexique, mandique-français lexique. Washington, D.C.: US Peace Corps.

GRAMMAR:

GD: Delafosse, Maurice, 1929, 1955. La langue mandingue et ses dialectes (malinké, bambara, dioula), 2 vols Paris: Paul Geuthner.
Labouret, Henri. 1934. Les manding et leur langue. Paris: Larose.

OTHERSOURC: Bird, Charles and Timothy Shopen. 1979. "Maninka," in LTS, 58-111.

CONSONANTS:

   p t k
b d ɟ ɡ ɡb
f s x h
v z ɣ ʁ
m n ŋ
    l
    r

STOPS: p b t d ɟ k ɡ ɡb

FRICATIVES: f v s z x ɣ ʁ h

NASALS: m n ŋ

LATERALS: l

VIBRANTS: r

MODIFIEDCO:

^Nc p b t d k ɡ kp ɡb f v s z
c^j
cʷ

GLIDES: j ȷ̃ ɥ ɥ̃ w w̃

VOWELS:

i y u
e o
ɛ ɔ
a

FRONTVOWEL: i y e ɛ

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u o ɔ

LONGVOWELS: v̄ all

NASALVOWEL: ṽ all

SYLLABLE: (C)(C)V(C)

STRESS: final

NOUNNUMBER: s p

DEMONSTRAT: 2

PRONOUNS:

1 4
2 5
3 6

SYNTAX: SOV NA GN ND N-NUM POSS-N N+A+D+Num

PREPPOST: POST

NUMBER: 90

LANGUAGE: Maninka

ALTERNATEN: Malinka

DIALECT: Faranah

LOCATION: Guinea

POPULATION: 1.2 million

CLASSIFICA: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: Mande: Northern-Western: Northern: Mandekan

GRAMMAR: Spears, Richard Alan. 1965. The Structure of Faranah-Maninka. Bloomington: Indiana Univ. Diss.

OTHERSOURC: Spears, Richard A. 1966. "A Note on the Tone of Maninka Substantives," JAL 5, 113-20.

CONSONANTS:

   p t k
b d (ɡ) ɡb
f s h
m n ñ
    l
    r

STOPS: p b t d k (ɡ) ɡb

FRICATIVES: f s h

NASALS: m n ñ

LATERALS: l

VIBRANTS: r

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

i u
e o
ɛ ɔ
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e ɛ

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u o ɔ

LONGVOWELS: v̄ ?

SYLLABLE: (C)(C)V(C) Nˈ

TONES: hi lo downstep

SYNTAX: NA

NUMBER: 91

LANGUAGE: Maninka

ALTERNATEN: Malinka

DIALECT: Manya

LOCATION: Liberia

POPULATION: 1.2 million

CLASSIFICA: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: Mande: Northern-Western: Northern: Mandekan

OTHERSOURC: Manessy, G 1964. "L'Alternance consonantique initiale en manya, kpelle, loma, bandi et mende," JAL 3, 162-78.

CONSONANTS:

   (p) t k
   b ḍ ɟ ɡ ɡb
   f s
   v z
m n ñ
    l

STOPS: (p) b t ḍ ɟ k ɡ ɡb

FRICATIVES: f v s z

NASALS: m n ñ

LATERALS: l

MODIFIEDCO: ^Nc

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

i u
e o
ɛ ɔ
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e ɛ

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u o ɔ

NASALVOWEL: ṽ all but ɔ

SYNTAX: NA N-NUM POSS-N

NUMBER: 92

LANGUAGE: Bambara

LOCATION: Mali

POPULATION: 1.5 million

CLASSIFICA: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: Mande: Northern-Western: Northern: Mandekan

DICTIONARY: Travélé, Moussa. 1913. Petit dictionnaire français-bambara et bambara-français. Paris: Paul Geuthner.

GRAMMAR:

Travélé, Moussa. 1955. Petit manuel français-bambara. Paris: Paul Geuthner.
Delaforge, M. 1958. Grammaire et méthode bambara. Paris: Charles-Lavauzelle.

TEXTBOOKS:

Diarra, Florentin and F. M. Traore. 197?. Un peu de bambara sans beaucoup de peine. Mopti, Mali.
Hutchison, John P., Mamadou Kanté and Charles S. Bird. 1975. Introductory Bambara. Bloomington: African Studies Centre, Indiana Univ.
Brauner, Siegmund. 1974. Lehrbuch des bambara. Leipzig: VEB Verlag Enzyklopädie.

OTHERSOURC: Houis, Maurice. 1970. "Problèmes de lexicographie en bambara," BSLP 65, 213 -27.

CONSONANTS:

   (p) t c k
   b d ɟ ɡ
   f s (h)
m n ñ (ŋ)
    l
    r

STOPS: (p) b t d c ɟ k ɡ

FRICATIVES: f s (h)

NASALS: m n ñ (ŋ)

LATERALS: l

VIBRANTS: r

MODIFIEDCO: ^Nc p t c k

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

i u
e o
ɛ ɔ
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e ɛ

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u o ɔ

NASALVOWEL: ṽ all

TONES: hi lo

NOUNNUMBER: s p

DEMONSTRAT: 2

PRONOUNS:

1 4
2 5
3 6

SYNTAX: SOV NA GN DN N-NUM POSS-N

PREPPOST: POST

NUMBER: 93

LANGUAGE: Dyula

LOCATION: EC Ivory Coast

POPULATION: 1.1 million

CLASSIFICA: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: Mande: Northern-Western: Northern: Mandekan

GRAMMAR:

Dumestre, G.1970. Éléments de grammaire dioula. Abidjan: Institut de Linguistique Appliquée, Univ d'Abidjan.
Long, Ronald W. and Raoul S. Diomandé. 1968. Basic Dyula. Bloomington: Indiana Univ.

TEXTBOOKS: Dumestre, G and G. L. A Retord. 1974. Kó dı̀: Cours de dioula. Abidjan: Univ of Abidjan.

CONSONANTS:

   p t c k
b d ɟ ɡ ɡb
f s h
m n ñ (ŋ)
    l
    ɾ

STOPS: p b t d c ɟ k ɡ ɡb

FRICATIVES: f s h

NASALS: m n ñ (ŋ)

LATERALS: l

VIBRANTS: ɾ

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

i u
e o
ɛ ɔ
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e ɛ

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u o ɔ

LONGVOWELS: (v̄)

NASALVOWEL: ṽ all

SYLLABLE: Nˈ

TONES: hi lo ris

NOUNNUMBER: s p

ARTICLES: indef

PRONOUNS:

1 4
2 5
3 6

SYNTAX: SOV NA GN DN/ND POSS-N N-NUM POSS-N

PREPPOST: POST

NUMBER: 94

LANGUAGE: Loko₁

LOCATION: N Sierra Leone (Northern)

POPULATION: 76,000

CLASSIFICA: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: Mande: Northern-Western: Southwestern

GRAMMAR: Innes, Gordon. 1964. "An Outline Grammar of Loko with Texts," ALS 5, 115-73.

CONSONANTS:

   p t k kp
b d ɡ ɡb
    č
    ɡ̌
f s h h̃
m n ñ ŋ
    l
    ɾ

STOPS: p b t d k ɡ kp ɡb

AFFRICATES: č ɡ̌

FRICATIVES: f s h h̃

NASALS: m n ñ ŋ

LATERALS: l

VIBRANTS: ɾ

MODIFIEDCO: ^Nc b d ɡ ɡ̌

GLIDES: j w w̃

VOWELS:

i u
e o
ɛ ɔ
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e ɛ

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u o ɔ

LONGVOWELS: v̄ all

NASALVOWEL:

ı̃ (ẽ) ɛ̃ ã ũ (õ) ɔ̃
ı̃̄ ɛ̃̄ ã̄ ũ̄ ɔ̃̄

SYLLABLE: (C)V

TONES: hi mid lo ris fall

NOUNNUMBER: s p

DEMONSTRAT: 2

ARTICLES: def

PRONOUNS:

1 4ie
2 5
3 6

SYNTAX: SOV NA GN ND N-NUM POSS-N

PREPPOST: POST

NUMBER: 95

LANGUAGE: Loma

LOCATION: Liberia

POPULATION: 260,000

CLASSIFICA: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: Mande: Northern-Western: Southwestern

GRAMMAR: Prost, A. 1967. Le Lɔghɔma. Dakar: Univ of Dakar.

TEXTBOOKS: Sadler, Wesley. 1951. Untangled Loma. Monrovia: Evangelical Lutheran Church.

OTHERSOURC: Manessy, G. 1964. "L'Alternance consonantique initial en manya, kpelle, loma, bandi et mende," JAL 3, 162-78.

CONSONANTS:

p t k kp
b ɓ d ɡ ɡb
f s
v z ɣ
m n ŋ
l

STOPS: p b ɓ t d k ɡ kp ɡb

FRICATIVES: f v s z ɣ

NASALS: m n ŋ

LATERALS: l

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

i u
e o
ɛ ɔ
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e ɛ

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u o ɔ

NASALVOWEL: ṽ all ?

SYLLABLE: (C)V(C)

TONES: hi mid lo

NOUNNUMBER: s p

DEMONSTRAT: 2 + ref

ARTICLES: def indef

PRONOUNS:

1 4ie
2 5
3 6

SYNTAX: SOV NA GN ND/(DN [ref]) N-NUM POSS-N N+A+Num+D

PREPPOST: POST

NUMBER: 96

LANGUAGE: Kpelle

LOCATION: Liberia

POPULATION: 400,000

CLASSIFICA: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: Mande: Northern-Western: Southwestern

GRAMMAR: DG: Casthelain, I.-R. P. J. 1952. La langue guerzé. Dakar: IFAN.

TEXTBOOKS: Welmers, William. 1971. A First Course in Kpelle. Ibadan: Institute of African Studies, Univ of Ibadan.

OTHERSOURC:

Welmers, William E. 1962. "The Phonology of Kpelle," JAL 1, 69-93.
Welmers, William E. 1969. "The Morphology of Kpelle Nominals," JAL 8, 73-101.

CONSONANTS:

   p t k kp
b ɓ d ɡ ɡb
f s
v z ɣ
m n ŋ
    l
    (ɾ)

STOPS: p b ɓ t d k ɡ kp ɡb

FRICATIVES: f v s z ɣ

NASALS: m n ŋ

LATERALS: l

VIBRANTS: (ɾ)

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

i u
I ʋ
ɛ ɔ
a

FRONTVOWEL: i I ɛ

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u ʋ ɔ

LONGVOWELS: v̄ all

NASALVOWEL:

ṽ all
v̄̃ all

SYLLABLE: Nˈ

TONES: hi mid lo fall

NOUNNUMBER: s p (pl only for personal nouns)

DEMONSTRAT: 2 + ref

ARTICLES: def

PRONOUNS:

1 4
2 5
3 6

SYNTAX: SOV NA GN ND N-NUM POSS-N N+A+D

PREPPOST: POST

NUMBER: 97

LANGUAGE: Mende

LOCATION: S Sierra Leone

POPULATION: 1 million

CLASSIFICA: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: Mande: Northern-Western: Southwestern

DICTIONARY: Innes, Gordon.1969. A Mende-English Dictionary. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ Press.

TEXTBOOKS: Innes, Gordon. 1967. A Practical Introduction to Mende. London: School of Oriental and African Studies, Univ of London.

OTHERSOURC: Manessy, G. 1964. "L'Alternance consonantique initial en manya, kpelle, loma, bandi et mende," JAL 3, 162-78.

CONSONANTS:

   p t k kp (ʔ)
b d ɡ ɡb
    ɡ̌
f s h
v
m n ñ ŋ
    l

STOPS: p b t d k ɡ kp ɡb (ʔ)

AFFRICATES: ɡ̌

FRICATIVES: f v s h

NASALS: m n ñ ŋ

LATERALS: l

MODIFIEDCO: ^Nc b d ɡ ɡb ɡ̌

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

i u
e o
ɛ ɔ
a

FRONTVOWEL: i e ɛ

CENTRALVOW: a

BACKVOWELS: u o ɔ

LONGVOWELS: v̄ all

NASALVOWEL: ṽ all (ẽ õ marɡinal)

SYLLABLE: CV

TONES: hi lo ris fall

NOUNNUMBER: s p

DEMONSTRAT: 2

ARTICLES: def

PRONOUNS:

1 4
2 5
3 6

SYNTAX: SOV NA GN ND N-NUM POSS-N N+Num+D

PREPPOST: POST

NUMBER: 98

LANGUAGE: Bandi

LOCATION: Liberia

CLASSIFICA: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: Mande: Northern-Western: Southwestern

CONSONANTS:

NUMBER: 99

LANGUAGE: Mano

LOCATION: N Liberia

POPULATION: 100,000

CLASSIFICA: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: Mande: Southern-Eastern: Southern

CONSONANTS:

SYNTAX: SOV

PREPPOST: POST

NUMBER: 100

LANGUAGE: Dan

LOCATION: W Ivory Coast

POPULATION: 325,000

CLASSIFICA: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: Mande: Southern-Eastern: Southern

GRAMMAR: Doneux, Jean and Joseph Mahan. n.d. Exercises de langue dan. Lyon: Afrique et Langage.

OTHERSOURC:

Bearth, Thomas and Hugo Zemp. 1967. "The Phonology of Dan (Santa)," JAL 6, 9-29.
Flik, Eva. 1977. "Tone Glides and Registers in Five Dan Dialects," Lingistics 201, 5-59.

CONSONANTS:

p t k kp
b ɓ d ɗ̣ ɡ ɡb
f s
v z
m n
l

STOPS: p b ɓ t d ɗ̣ k ɡ kp ɡb

FRICATIVES: f v s z

NASALS: m n

LATERALS: l

MODIFIEDCO:

c^w all but kp ɡb f v l m
c^j all but l

GLIDES: j w

VOWELS:

i ɨ u
e ǝ o
ɛ ɐ ɔ
æ a ɒ

FRONTVOWEL: i e ɛ æ

CENTRALVOW: ɨ ǝ ɐ a

BACKVOWELS: u o ɔ ɒ

LONGVOWELS: v̄ ?

NASALVOWEL: ṽ all but e ɨ ɐ o

SYLLABLE: (C)(l)V(C) Nˈ

TONES:

hi hi-mid mid lo-mid lo mid-fall-to-low mid-fall-to-lo-mid lo-ris

DEMONSTRAT: 2

PRONOUNS:

1 4d 4ie
2 5
3 6

SYNTAX: SOV NA GN ND N-NUM POSS-N N+Num+A+D

PREPPOST: POST