CLASSIFICA:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Gogo
CONSONANTS:
NUMBER:962
LANGUAGE:Kaguru
POPULATION:60,000
CLASSIFICA:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Gogo
CONSONANTS:
NUMBER:963
LANGUAGE:Tubeta
CLASSIFICA:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Shambala
CONSONANTS:
NUMBER:964
LANGUAGE:Casu
ALTERNATEN:Asu
LOCATION:Tanzania
POPULATION:99,000
CLASSIFICA:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Shambala
CONSONANTS:
NUMBER:965
LANGUAGE:Shambala
LOCATION:NE Tanzania
POPULATION:130,000
CLASSIFICA:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Shambala
OTHERSOURC:WALS
CONSONANTS:
SYNTAX:SVO
NUMBER:966
LANGUAGE:Bondei
LOCATION:NE Tanzania
POPULATION:30,000
CLASSIFICA:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Shambala
GRAMMAR:GD: Woodward, H. W. 1882. Collections for a Handbook of the Boondéi Language. London: Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge.
CONSONANTS:
p t k b d ɡ č ɡ̌ f s š h v z m n ŋ l
STOPS:p b t d k ɡ
AFFRICATES:č ɡ̌
FRICATIVES:f v s z š h
NASALS:m n ŋ
LATERALS:l
GLIDES:j w
VOWELS:
FRONTVOWEL:i ɛ
CENTRALVOW:a
BACKVOWELS:u ɔ
STRESS:penult
NOUNNUMBER:s p
NOUNCLASSE:8
DEMONSTRAT:2 + ref
PRONOUNS:
1 4 2 5 3 6
SYNTAX:SVO NA NG ND/(DN) N-NUM N-POSS
PREPPOST:PREP
NUMBER:967
LANGUAGE:Zigula
ALTERNATEN:Pare. Asu
LOCATION:Tanzania
POPULATION:112,000
CLASSIFICA:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Zigula-Zaramo
OTHERSOURC:WALS
CONSONANTS:
SYNTAX:SVO
NUMBER:968
LANGUAGE:Ngwele
CLASSIFICA:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Zigula-Zaramo
CONSONANTS:
NUMBER:969
LANGUAGE:Zaramo
POPULATION:180,000
CLASSIFICA:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Zigula-Zaramo
CONSONANTS:
NUMBER:970
LANGUAGE:Ngulu1
CLASSIFICA:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Zigula-Zaramo
NUMBER:971
LANGUAGE:Ruguru
POPULATION:179,000
CLASSIFICA:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Zigula-Zaramo
CONSONANTS:
NUMBER:972
LANGUAGE:Kami
CLASSIFICA:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Zigula-Zaramo
CONSONANTS:
NUMBER:973
LANGUAGE:Kutu
POPULATION:15,000
CLASSIFICA:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Zigula-Zaramo
CONSONANTS:
NUMBER:974
LANGUAGE:Vidunda
POPULATION:10,000
CLASSIFICA:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Zigula-Zaramo
CONSONANTS:
NUMBER:975
LANGUAGE:Sagala
POPULATION:20,000
CLASSIFICA:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Zigula-Zaramo
CONSONANTS:
NUMBER:976
LANGUAGE:Tikuu
CLASSIFICA:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Swahili
CONSONANTS:
NUMBER:977
LANGUAGE:Swahili
LOCATION:E Tanzania
POPULATION:20 million
CLASSIFICA:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Swahili
DICTIONARY:
Johnson, Frederick. 1971a. A Standard Swahili-English Dictionary. London: Oxford Univ Press. Johnson, Frederick. 1971b. A Standard English-Swahili Dictionary. London: Oxford Univ Press.
GRAMMAR:Polomé, Edgar C. 1967. Swahili Language Handbook. Washington, D.C.: CAL.
TEXTBOOKS:
Ashton, E. O. 1947. Swahili Grammar. London: Longman. Haddon, Ernest B. 1955. Swahili Lessons. Cambridge, Eng: W. Heffer and Sons. Indakwa, John. 1975. Swahili: Conversation and Grammar. Houston: Gulf. Perrott, D. V. 1957. Teach Yourself Swahili. London: The English Universties Press.
CONSONANTS:
p ph t th k kh b d ɡ č čh ɡ̌ f (θ) s š h v (ð) z (ɣ) m n ñ ŋ l r
STOPS:p ph b t th d k kh ɡ
AFFRICATES:č čh ɡ̌
FRICATIVES:f v (θ) (ð) s z š (ɣ) h
NASALS:m n ñ ŋ
LATERALS:l
VIBRANTS:r
GLIDES:j w
VOWELS:
FRONTVOWEL:i e
CENTRALVOW:a
BACKVOWELS:u o
LONGVOWELS:(v̄)
SYLLABLE:(C)(C)V Nˈ
STRESS:penult
NOUNNUMBER:s p
NOUNCLASSE:5 (human, body parts & plants & trees, natural phenomena, inanimate objects, abstract)
DEMONSTRAT:2 + ref
PRONOUNS:
1 4 2 5 3* 6* 3 & 6 vary with noun class
SYNTAX:SVO NA NG ND N-NUM N-POSS N+A+D+NUM
PREPPOST:PREP
NUMBER:978
LANGUAGE:Pemba
CLASSIFICA:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Swahili
CONSONANTS:
NUMBER:979
LANGUAGE:Komoro
DIALECT:Ngazija
LOCATION:Comoro Is.
CLASSIFICA:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Swahili
OTHERSOURC:Tucker, A. N. and M. A. Bryan. 1970. "Tonal Classification of Nouns in Ngazija," ALS 11, 351-82.
CONSONANTS:
p t̪ t k b ɓ d̪ d ɗ ɡ ts č dz ɡ̌ f s š h β v z m n ñ l r
STOPS:p b ɓ t̪ d̪ t d ɗ k ɡ
AFFRICATES:ts dz č ɡ̌
FRICATIVES:β f v s z š h
NASALS:m n ñ
LATERALS:l
VIBRANTS:r
MODIFIEDCO:Nc all but β f s š h m n ñ l r
GLIDES:j w
VOWELS:
FRONTVOWEL:i e
CENTRALVOW:a
BACKVOWELS:u o
LONGVOWELS:v̄ ?
TONES:hi mid lo ris fall downstep
STRESS:penult
NOUNNUMBER:s p
NOUNCLASSE:noun classes
DEMONSTRAT:3
SYNTAX:NA NG ND N-POSS
NUMBER:980
LANGUAGE:Komoro
DIALECT:Kingwana
LOCATION:Democratic Republic of Congo
CLASSIFICA:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Swahili
DICTIONARY:Spinette, J. 1960. Vocabulaire kingwana-français. Brussels: Direction de l'Agriculture, des Forêts et de l'Élévage.
GRAMMAR:Whitehead, John and L. F. Whitehead. 1928. Manuel de kingwana. Belgian Congo.