CLASSIFICA:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Pogoro
OTHERSOURC:WALS
CONSONANTS:
SYNTAX:SVO
NUMBER:982
LANGUAGE:Ndamba
POPULATION:19,000
CLASSIFICA:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Pogoro
CONSONANTS:
NUMBER:983
LANGUAGE:Sango2
POPULATION:23,000
CLASSIFICA:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Bena-Kinga
CONSONANTS:
NUMBER:984
LANGUAGE:Sango2
LOCATION:Central African Republic
CLASSIFICA:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Bena-Kinga
CONSONANTS:
NUMBER:985
LANGUAGE:Sango2
CLASSIFICA:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Bena-Kinga
CONSONANTS:
NUMBER:986
LANGUAGE:Sango2
LOCATION:S Central African Republic
POPULATION:1.5 million
CLASSIFICA:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Bena-Kinga
DICTIONARY:Taber, Charles R. 1965. A Dictionary of Sango. Hartford: Hartford Seminary Foundation.
GRAMMAR:
Samarin, William. 1967. A Grammar of Sango. The Hague: Mouton. Samarin, W. J. 1970. Sango: Langue de l'Afrique Centrale. Leiden: E. J. Brill.
TEXTBOOKS:Samarin, William J. 1967. Lessons in Sango, 2 vols. Hartford: Hartford Seminary Foundation.
OTHERSOURC:Taber, Charles R. 1964. French Loan Words in Sango: A Statistical Analysis of Incidence. HSL 12.
CONSONANTS:
p t k kp b ɓ d (ɗ) ɡ ɡb f s h v z m n l ɾ
STOPS:p b ɓ t d (ɗ) k ɡ kp ɡb
FRICATIVES:f v s z h
NASALS:m n
LATERALS:l
VIBRANTS:ɾ
MODIFIEDCO:Nc b d ɡ ɡb (v) z
GLIDES:j w
VOWELS:
FRONTVOWEL:i e ɛ
CENTRALVOW:a
BACKVOWELS:u o ɔ
LONGVOWELS:ī ā ō
NASALVOWEL:æ̃ ã ũ ɒ̃
TONES:hi mid lo (ris) (fall)
STRESS:non-phonemic
NOUNNUMBER:s p
DEMONSTRAT:1
ARTICLES:def
PRONOUNS:
1 4 2 5 3 6 5=6
SYNTAX:SVO AN/NA NG ND N-NUM N-POSS
PREPPOST:PREP
COMMENTS:Sango is a lingua franca based on Ngbandi, with French and Bantu loans.
NUMBER:987
LANGUAGE:Hehe
LOCATION:EC Tanzania
POPULATION:192,000
CLASSIFICA:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Bena-Kinga
OTHERSOURC:WALS
CONSONANTS:
SYNTAX:SVO
NUMBER:988
LANGUAGE:Bena
POPULATION:158,000
CLASSIFICA:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Bena-Kinga
CONSONANTS:
NUMBER:989
LANGUAGE:Pangwa
LOCATION:Tanzania
POPULATION:38,000
CLASSIFICA:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Bena-Kinga
OTHERSOURC:WALS
CONSONANTS:
SYNTAX:SVO
NUMBER:990
LANGUAGE:Kinga
LOCATION:Tanzania
POPULATION:57,000
CLASSIFICA:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Bena-Kinga
OTHERSOURC:WALS
CONSONANTS:
SYNTAX:SVO
NUMBER:991
LANGUAGE:Wanji
POPULATION:18,000
CLASSIFICA:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Bena-Kinga
CONSONANTS:
NUMBER:992
LANGUAGE:Kisi2
POPULATION:4,000
CLASSIFICA:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Bena-Kinga
CONSONANTS:
NUMBER:993
LANGUAGE:Kisi2
LOCATION:Liberia
CLASSIFICA:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Bena-Kinga
CONSONANTS:
NUMBER:994
LANGUAGE:Bembe2
LOCATION:Congo
POPULATION:35,000
CLASSIFICA:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone H: Kongo
OTHERSOURC:Jacquot, A. 1962. "Notes sur la phonologie du beembe (Congo)," JAL 1, 232-42.
CONSONANTS:
ph th kh b d ɡ pfh tsh bv dz f s v z m n l
STOPS:ph b th d kh ɡ
AFFRICATES:pfh bv tsh dz
FRICATIVES:f v s z
NASALS:m n
LATERALS:l
MODIFIEDCO:Nc ?
GLIDES:j w
VOWELS:
FRONTVOWEL:i e
CENTRALVOW:a
BACKVOWELS:u o
LONGVOWELS:v̄ all
NASALVOWEL:
ṽ all v̄̃ all
TONES:hi lo ris fall
SYNTAX:SVO NA
NUMBER:995
LANGUAGE:Yombe
LOCATION:Democratic Republic of Congo
CLASSIFICA:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone H: Kongo
GRAMMAR:Clercq, L. de. 1921. Grammaire du kiyombe. Brussels: Goemaere.
OTHERSOURC:Meeussen, A. E. and D. Ndembe. 1964. "Principes de tonologie yombe (Kongo Occidental)," JAL 3, 135-61.
CONSONANTS:
p ph t th k kh b d ŋɡ (pf) ts f s v z m n ñ ŋ l
STOPS:p ph b t th d k khŋɡ
AFFRICATES:(pf) ts
FRICATIVES:f v s z
NASALS:m n ñ ŋ
LATERALS:l
MODIFIEDCO:Nc b d ɡ v z
GLIDES:j w
VOWELS:
FRONTVOWEL:i e
CENTRALVOW:a
BACKVOWELS:u o
LONGVOWELS:v̄ all
SYLLABLE:Nˈ
TONES:hi lo ris fall
NOUNCLASSE:noun classes
DEMONSTRAT:3
ARTICLES:def
SYNTAX:SVO NA NG ND N-NUM N-POSS
PREPPOST:PREP
NUMBER:996
LANGUAGE:Kunyi
LOCATION:Congo
CLASSIFICA:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone H: Kongo
CONSONANTS:
NUMBER:997
LANGUAGE:Ndingi
CLASSIFICA:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone H: Kongo
CONSONANTS:
NUMBER:998
LANGUAGE:Mboka
CLASSIFICA:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone H: Kongo
CONSONANTS:
NUMBER:999
LANGUAGE:Kongo
ALTERNATEN:Fiote
LOCATION:Democratic Republic of Congo
POPULATION:1.5 million
CLASSIFICA:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone H: Kongo
DICTIONARY:Laman, K. E. and M. Westling. 1972. Vocabulaire kikongo-français - français-kikongo. Kinshasa: Leco.
GRAMMAR:GD: Bentley, W. Holman. 1887, 1895. Dictionary and Grammar of the Kongo language, 2 vols. London: Baptist Missionary Society. [Reprinted 1967 by Gregg Press, Farnborough, England]
TEXTBOOKS:Dereau, Léon. 1955. Cours de kikongo. Namur, Belgium: Wesmael-Charlier.
OTHERSOURC:Lumwamu, François. 1973. Essai de morphosyntaxe systématique des parlers kongo. Paris: Klincksieck.
CONSONANTS:
p t k b d ŋɡ pf ts dz f s (h) v z ɣ m n (ŋ) l
STOPS:p b t d k ŋɡ
AFFRICATES:pf ts dz
FRICATIVES:f v s z ɣ (h)
NASALS:m n (ŋ)
LATERALS:l
MODIFIEDCO:Nc p b t d k ɡ f v s z
GLIDES:j w
VOWELS:
FRONTVOWEL:i e
CENTRALVOW:a
BACKVOWELS:u o
LONGVOWELS:v̄ all
SYLLABLE:(C)V mˈ
TONES:hi lo
NOUNNUMBER:s p
NOUNCLASSE:12
DEMONSTRAT:3
PRONOUNS:
1 4 2 5 3* 6* 3 & 6 vary with noun class
SYNTAX:SVO NA NG ND N-NUM N-POSS N+D+A
PREPPOST:PREP
COMMENTS:Widely used as a lingua franca.
NUMBER:1000
LANGUAGE:Dondo
LOCATION:Congo
CLASSIFICA:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone H: Kongo