A global linguistic database : Query result

Number: 121

Language: Safan

Location: Senegal

Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: West Atlantic: Northern: Cangin

Consonant system:

Number: 122

Language: Balant

Alternate Name: Balanta

Location: Guinea Bissau

Population: 167,000

Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: West Atlantic: Northern: Bak: Balant-Ganja

Grammar: Wilson, W. A. A. 1961. "Outline of the Balanta Language," ALS 2, 139-68.

Other Sources: Doneux, J. L. n.d. Les systèmes phonologiques des langues de Casamance. Daker: Centre de Linguistique Appliquée.

Consonant system:

    t k kp
b d
    č
f θ s h
m n ñ ŋ
    l
    r

Stops: b t d k kp

Affricates: č

Fricatives: f θ s h

Nasals: m n ñ ŋ

Laterals: l

Vibrants: r

Modified Consonants: ^Nc ?

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

i u
e ǝ o
ɛ ɔ
a

Front Vowels: i e ɛ

Central Vowels: ǝ a

Back Vowels: u o ɔ

Long Vowels: v̄ all but ǝ

Tones: hi lo fall

Noun Number: s p

Noun Classes: 6

Demonstratives: 3 + ref

Pronouns:

1 4
2 5
3 6

Syntax: SVO NA ND N-NUM N-POSS N+A+D

Prep/Post: PREP

Number: 123

Language: Ganja

Location: Senegal

Population: 130,000

Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: West Atlantic: Northern: Bak: Balant-Ganja

Grammar: GD: N'Diaye-Corréard, Geneviève. 1970. Études fca ou balante. Paris: SELAF.

Other Sources: N'Diaye-Corréard, Geneviève. 1969. "Le systéme des classes du fca, ou balante (dialecte ganja)," JAL 8, 102-19.

Consonant system:

   p t̪ c k kp (ʔ)
b d̪ ɟ ɡ ɡb
f θ s h
m n̪ ñ ŋ ŋʷ ŋm
    l̪
    r

Stops: p b t̪ d̪ c ɟ k ɡ kp ɡb (ʔ)

Fricatives: f θ s h

Nasals: m n̪ ñ ŋ ŋʷ ŋm

Laterals: l̪

Vibrants: r

Modified Consonants:

c̄ l r
^Nc b t d ɟ ɡ ɡb f Ɵ s

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

i u
e ǝ o
ɛ ɔ
a

Front Vowels: i e ɛ

Central Vowels: ǝ a

Back Vowels: u o ɔ

Long Vowels: v̄ all but ǝ

Tones: hi mid lo ris high-fall mid-fall

Stress: root intial

Noun Number: s p

Noun Classes: 7

Demonstratives: 4: this present/this absent/that present/that absent + ref

Syntax: SVO NA NG ND N-NUM N- POSS

Prep/Post: PREP

Number: 124

Language: Mankan

Location: Guinea Bissau

Population: 20,000

Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: West Atlantic: Northern: Bak: Manjaku-Papel

Grammar: Trifkovič, Mirjana. 1969. Le mancagne. Dakar: IFAN.

Other Sources: Doneux, J. L. n.d. Les systèmes phonologiques des langues de Casamance. Daker: Centre de Linguistique Appliquée.

Consonant system:

   p t (c) k
b d ɟ ɡ
    č
f θ š
    ɦ
m n ñ (ŋ)
    l
    r

Stops: p b t d (c) ɟ k ɡ

Affricates: č

Fricatives: f θ š ɦ

Nasals: m n ñ (ŋ)

Laterals: l

Vibrants: r

Modified Consonants:

c̄ ɡ m n r
^Nc p b t d c ɟ k ɡ č f θ š

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

i u
e ø (ǝ) o
a

Front Vowels: i e ø

Central Vowels: (ǝ) a

Back Vowels: u o

Long Vowels: v̄ all but ø

Stress: stem initial

Noun Number: s p

Noun Classes: 10

Demonstratives: 2

Pronouns:

1 4
2 5
3 6
3 & 6 vary with noun class

Syntax: SVO NA NG ND N-NUM N-POSS

Prep/Post: PREP

Number: 125

Language: Manjaku

Location: Senegal

Population: 84,000

Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: West Atlantic: Northern: Bak: Manjaku-Papel

Grammar: Carreira, António and João Basso Marques. 1947. Subsı́dios para o estudo da lı́ngua manjaca. Lisbon: Center de Estudos da Guiné Portuguesa.

Consonant system:

   p t k
b d ɡ
    č
    ɡ̌
f s š h
v z ž
m n ñ
    l ʎ
    ɾ r

Stops: p b t d k ɡ

Affricates: č ɡ̌

Fricatives: f v s z š ž h

Nasals: m n ñ

Laterals: l ʎ

Vibrants: ɾ r

Vowel system:

i u
e ǝ o
ɛ ɐ ɔ
a

Front Vowels: i e ɛ

Central Vowels: ǝ ɐ a

Back Vowels: u o ɔ

Nasal Vowels: ı̃ ẽ ã õ ũ

Noun Number: s p

Noun Classes: noun classes

Demonstratives: 3

Pronouns:

1 4
2 5
3 6

Syntax: NA ND N-NUM N-POSS

Prep/Post: PREP

Number: 126

Language: Papel

Location: Guinea

Population: 36,000

Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: West Atlantic: Northern: Bak: Manjaku-Papel

Consonant system:

Number: 127

Language: Bayot

Location: Senegal

Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: West Atlantic: Northern: Bak: Diola

Consonant system:

Number: 128

Language: Karon

Location: Senegal

Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: West Atlantic: Northern: Bak: Diola

Consonant system:

Number: 129

Language: Kwatay

Location: Senegal

Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: West Atlantic: Northern: Bak: Diola

Consonant system:

Number: 130

Language: Diola

Alternate Name: Diola-Fogny

Dialect: Fogny

Location: Senegal

Population: 200,000

Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: West Atlantic: Northern: Bak: Diola

Dictionary: Wintz, Edouard. 1909. Dictionnaire français-dyola et dyola-français. Paris. [Reprinted 1968 by Gregg Press, Farnborough, England]

Grammar: Sapir, J. David. 1965. A Grammar of Diola-Fogny. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ Press.

Other Sources:

Doneux, J. L. n.d. Les systèmes phonologiques des langues de Casamance. Dakar: Centre de Linguistique Appliquée.
Kennedy, A.M. 1964. "Dialect in Diola," JAL 3, 96-101.

Consonant system:

   p t c k
b d ɟ ɡ
f s (h)
m n ñ ŋ
    l
    r

Stops: p b t d c ɟ k ɡ

Fricatives: f s (h)

Nasals: m n ñ ŋ

Laterals: l

Vibrants: r

Modified Consonants: c̄ m n ñ ŋ

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

i_ u_
i u
e ǝ o
ɛ ɔ
a
i and u are lax; i̱ u̱ are tense; they have the same heiɡht.

Front Vowels: i i̱ e ɛ (i and u are lax; i̱ u̱ are tense; they have the same heiɡht.)

Central Vowels: ǝ a

Back Vowels: u u̱ o ɔ

Long Vowels: v̄ all

Modified Vowels: vowel harmony

Syllable: (C)V(N)(C) Nˈ

Stress: non-phonemic

Noun Number: s (d) p (a dual is used for some body parts)

Noun Classes: 19

Demonstratives: 4 (3 + that way over there)

Articles: def

Syntax: SVO NA NG ND N-NUM N-POSS N+A+D

Prep/Post: PREP

Number: 131

Language: Gusilay

Location: Senegal

Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: West Atlantic: Northern: Bak: Diola

Consonant system:

Number: 132

Language: Badyara

Location: Guinea

Population: 10,000

Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: West Atlantic: Northern: Eastern Senegal-Portugese Guinea

Grammar: Ducos, Gisèle. 1971. Structure du badiaranke de Guinée et du Sénégal.

Consonant system:

   p t c k
b d ɟ
f s h
m n ñ ŋ
    l
    r

Stops: p b t d c ɟ k

Fricatives: f s h

Nasals: m n ñ ŋ

Laterals: l

Vibrants: r

Modified Consonants: ^Nc p b t d k

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

i u
e ǝ o
a

Front Vowels: i e

Central Vowels: ǝ a

Back Vowels: u o

Long Vowels: v̄ all

Nasal Vowels: ṽ all

Syllable: (C)V(C)

Stress: initial

Noun Number: s p

Noun Classes: noun classes

Demonstratives: 2

Articles: def

Pronouns:

1 4
2 5
3 6

Syntax: SVO NA NG ND N-NUM N-POSS

Prep/Post: PREP

Number: 133

Language: Banyun

Location: Guinea Bissau

Population: 18,000

Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: West Atlantic: Northern: Eastern Senegal-Portugese Guinea

Other Sources: Doneux, J. L. n.d. Les systèmes phonologiques des langues de Casamance. Daker: Centre de Linguistique Appliquée.

Consonant system:

   p t c k
b d ɟ ɡ
f s h
m n ñ ŋ
    l
    r

Stops: p b t d c ɟ k ɡ

Fricatives: f s h

Nasals: m n ñ ŋ

Laterals: l

Vibrants: r

Modified Consonants: ^Nc ?

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

i_ u_
i u
e ǝ o
ɛ ɔ
a
i̱ and u̱ are tense; i and u are lax.

Front Vowels: i i̱ e ɛ (i̱ and u̱ are tense; i and u are lax.)

Central Vowels: ǝ a

Back Vowels: u u̱ o ɔ

Long Vowels: v̄ all

Modified Vowels: vowel harmony

Noun Number: s p

Number: 134

Language: Basari

Location: E Senegal

Population: 11,500

Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Gur: Kurumfe-Oti-Volta

Dictionary: Ferry, Marie-Paule. 1968. Deux langues tenda du Sénégal oriental: basari et bedik. BSELAF 7.

Consonant system:

   p t c k kʷ
b ɓ d ɗ ɟ ʄ ɡ ɡʷ
f s š x xʷ
    ɣ ɣ̃
m n ñ ŋ ŋʷ
    l
    r

Stops: p b ɓ t d ɗ c ɟ ʄ k ɡ kʷ ɡʷ

Fricatives: f s š x ɣ ɣ̃ xʷ

Nasals: m n ñ ŋ ŋʷ

Laterals: l

Vibrants: r

Modified Consonants: ^Nc b d ɟ ɡ ɡʷ

Glides: j ȷ̃ w w̃

Vowel system:

i ɯ u
e ɤ o
ɛ ʌ ɔ
a

Front Vowels: i e ɛ

Central Vowels: a

Back Vowels: u ɯ o ɤ ɔ ʌ

Tones: hi mid lo

Noun Number: s p

Noun Classes: 8

Syntax: NA N-POSS

Number: 135

Language: Bedik

Location: E Senegal

Population: 1,500

Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: West Atlantic: Northern: Eastern Senegal-Portugese Guinea

Dictionary: Ferry, Marie-Paule. 1968. Deux langues tenda du Sénégal oriental: basari et bedik. BSELAF 7.

Other Sources: Ferry, M.-P. 1968. "L'Alternance consonantique en bedik," JWAL 5, 91-6.

Consonant system:

   p t c k
b ɓ d ɗ ɟ ʄ ɡ
f s š h
    ɣ ɣ̃
m n ñ ŋ
    l
    r

Stops: p b ɓ t d ɗ c ɟ ʄ k ɡ

Fricatives: f s š ɣ ɣ̃ h

Nasals: m n ñ ŋ

Laterals: l

Vibrants: r

Modified Consonants: ^Nc b d ɟ ɡ

Glides: j ȷ̃ w w̃

Vowel system:

i ɯ u
e ɤ o
ɛ ʌ ɔ
a

Front Vowels: i e ɛ

Central Vowels: a

Back Vowels: u ɯ o ɤ ɔ ʌ

Tones: hi mid lo

Noun Number: s p

Noun Classes: 8

Syntax: NA NG N-POSS

Number: 136

Language: Biafada

Location: Guinea Bissau

Population: 12,000

Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: West Atlantic: Northern: Eastern Senegal-Portugese Guinea

Consonant system:

Number: 137

Language: Kasanga

Location: Guinea Bissau

Population: 420

Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: West Atlantic: Northern: Eastern Senegal-Portugese Guinea

Consonant system:

Number: 138

Language: Kobiana

Location: Guinea Bissau

Population: 300

Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: West Atlantic: Northern: Eastern Senegal-Portugese Guinea

Consonant system:

Number: 139

Language: Konyagi

Location: Guinea

Population: 85,000

Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: West Atlantic: Northern: Eastern Senegal-Portugese Guinea

Consonant system:

Number: 140

Language: Baga Mboteni

Location: Guinea

Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: West Atlantic: Northern: Mbulungish-Nalu

Consonant system: