A global linguistic database : Query result

Number: 1681

Language: Pashai

Dialect: Northeast

Location: NE Afghanistan

Population: 100,000

Classification: Indo-Hittite: Indo-European: Indo-Iranian: Indic: Dardic: Kunar

Grammar: DG: IIFL, vol 3.

Consonant system:

   p p^h t̪ t̪^h ṭ ṭ^h k
b d̪ d̪̤ ḍ ɡ ɡ̤
    t̪^s ṭ^s (ṭ^sh) č č^h
    ɡ̌
    s̪ ṣ š h
v z̪ ž
m n̪ ṇ ŋ
    l̪
    r ṛ

Stops: p p^h b t̪ t̪^h d̪ d̪̤ ṭ ṭ^h ḍ k ɡ ɡ̤

Affricates: t̪^s ṭ^s (ṭ^s^h) č č^h ɡ̌

Fricatives: v s̪ z̪ ṣ š ž h

Nasals: m n̪ ṇ ŋ

Laterals: l̪

Vibrants: r ṛ

Modified Consonants: c̄

Glides: j

Vowel system:

Front Vowels: i e

Central Vowels: ǝ a

Back Vowels: u o

Long Vowels: v̄ ?

Diphthongs: diphthongs

Noun Number: s p

Gender: m f

Demonstratives: 3

Pronouns:

1 4
2 5
*3 *6

Prep/Post: POST

Number: 1682

Language: Dumaki

Location: N Pakistan (Hunza)

Population: 300

Classification: Indo-Hittite: Indo-European: Indo-Iranian: Indic: Dardic: Shina

Grammar: DG: Lorimer, D. L. R. 1939. The Dumaki Language. Nijmegen: Dekker & van de Vegt.

Consonant system:

   p p^h t t^h ṭ ṭ^h k q
b d ḍ ɡ
    t^s t^sh č̣ č̣^h č č^h
    ɡ̣̌ ɡ̌
f s ṣ̌ š (x)
    z ẓ̌ (ɣ)
m n (ṇ) ñ ŋ
    l
    r

Stops: p p^h b t t^h d ṭ ṭ^h ḍ k ɡ q

Affricates: t^s t^s^h č̣ č̣^h ɡ̣̌ č č^h ɡ̌

Fricatives: f s z ṣ̌ ẓ̌ š (x) (ɣ)

Nasals: m n (ṇ) ñ ŋ

Laterals: l

Vibrants: r

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

Front Vowels: i I e ɛ æ

Central Vowels: ǝ ɐ a

Back Vowels: u ʋ o

Nasal Vowels: ṽ ?

Diphthongs: æi æI au ɔi

Tones: hi lo

Noun Number: s p

Gender: m f

Demonstratives: 2

Articles: indef

Pronouns:

1 4
2 5
*3mf *6

Syntax: SOV AN GN DN NUM-N POSS-N

Prep/Post: POST

Number: 1683

Language: Phalura

Location: N Pakistan

Population: 1,000

Classification: Indo-Hittite: Indo-European: Indo-Iranian: Indic: Dardic: Shina

Dictionary: Morgenstierne, Georg. 1941. Notes on Phalura. Oslo.

Other Sources: AL 7:8

Consonant system:

   p p^h t t^h ṭ ṭ^h k k^h
b d ḍ ɡ
    t^s t^sh ṭ^s ṭ^sh č č^h
    d^z ḍ^z ɡ̌
    s ṣ š x h
    z ž (ɣ)
m n ṇ
    l
    r ṛ

Stops: p p^h b t t^h d ṭ ṭ^h ḍ k k^h ɡ

Affricates: t^s t^s^h d^z ṭ^s ṭ^s^h ḍ^z č č^h ɡ̌

Fricatives: s z ṣ š ž x (ɣ) h

Nasals: m n ṇ

Laterals: l

Vibrants: r ṛ

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

Front Vowels: I e

Central Vowels: ɐ

Back Vowels: ʋ ɔ

Long Vowels: ī ē ā ū ɔ̄

Diphthongs: ai

Stress: on first long syllable from end of word

Noun Number: s p

Gender: m f

Demonstratives: 6: 3 + that very distant, that above, that below

Pronouns:

1 4
2 5
*3 *6

Syntax: SOV AN GN DN NUM-N POSS-N

Prep/Post: POST

Number: 1684

Language: Shina

Alternate Name: Brokskat, Savi

Location: N Pakistan (Jammu)

Population: 150,000

Classification: Indo-Hittite: Indo-European: Indo-Iranian: Indic: Dardic: Shina

Other Sources:

AL 7:8
WALS

Consonant system:

   p p^h t t^h ṭ ṭ^h k k^h
b d ḍ ɡ
    ṭ^s ṭ^shč č^h
    ḍ^zɡ̌
f s ṣ š h
v z ẓ ž
m n ṇ
    l
    r ṛ

Stops: p p^h b t t^h d ṭ ṭ^h ḍ k k^h ɡ

Affricates: ṭ^s ṭ^s^h ḍ^zč č^h ɡ̌

Fricatives: f v s z ṣ ẓ š ž h

Nasals: m n ṇ

Laterals: l

Vibrants: r ṛ

Glides: j

Tones: lev lo-ris

Syntax: SOV

Number: 1685

Language: Kashmiri

Location: N India (Kashmir)

Population: 3 million

Classification: Indo-Hittite: Indo-European: Indo-Iranian: Indic: Dardic: Shina

Other Sources:

Morgenstierne, Georg. 1941. "The Phonology of Kashmiri," Acta Orientalia 19, 79-99.
Kelkar, Ashok R. and Pran Nath Trisal. 1964. "Kashmiri Word Phonology: A First Sketch," AL 6:1, 13-22.
Handoo, Jawaharlal. 1973. Kashmiri Phonetic Reader. Mysore: Central Institute of Indian Languages.
AL 7:8
CTIL 5, 293.
WPF

Consonant system:

   p p^h t̪ t̪^h ṭ ṭ^h k k^h
b d̪ ḍ ɡ
    t̪^s t̪^sh č č^h
    ɡ̌
    s š h
v z
m n
    l
    r

Stops: p p^h b t̪ t̪^h d̪ ṭ ṭ^h ḍ k k^h ɡ

Affricates: t̪^s t̪^s^h č č^h ɡ̌

Fricatives: v s z š h

Nasals: m n

Laterals: l

Vibrants: r

Modified Consonants: c^j all but č č^h ɡ̌ š j

Glides: j

Vowel system:

Front Vowels: i e

Central Vowels: ɨ ǝ a

Back Vowels: u o ɔ

Long Vowels: v̄ all (ɔ̄ marɡinal)

Nasal Vowels:

ẽ ǝ̃ ã ũ õ ɔ̃
ı̃̄ ẽ̄ ɨ̃̄ ǝ̃̄ ã̄ ũ̄ ȭ

Diphthongs: ai au

Syllable: (C)(C)V(C)(C)

Stress: initial

Noun Number: s p

Gender: m f

Pronouns:

1 4
2 5
3 6

Syntax: SVO AN POSS-N

Prep/Post: POST

Number: 1686

Language: Marathi

Location: W India (Maharashtra)

Population: 45 million

Classification: Indo-Hittite: Indo-European: Indo-Iranian: Indic: Western: South

Dictionary: Deshpande, Madhav K. 1968. Marathi-English Dictionary. Poona: Suvichar Prakashan Mandal.

Grammar: Apte, Mahadeo Laxman. 1962. A Sketch of Marathi Transformational Grammar. Madison: Univ of Wisconsin Diss.

Other Sources:

James, A. Lloyd and S. G. Kanhere. 1928. "The Pronunciation of Marathi," BSOAS 4, 791-801.
Kelkar, Ashok Ramchandra. 1958. The Phonology and Morphology of Marathi. Ithaca: Cornell Univ Diss.

Consonant system:

   p p^h t̪ t̪^h ṭ ṭ^h k k^h
b b̤ d̪ d̪̤ ḍ ḍ̤ ɡ ɡ̤
    t^s t^shč č^h
    d^z d̤^z ɡ̌ ɡ̤̌
f s ṣ š h
v
m m̤ n̪ n̪̤ ṇ ŋ
    l̪ ḷ
    ɾ

Stops: p p^h b b̤ t̪ t̪^h d̪ d̪̤ ṭ ṭ^h ḍ ḍ̤ k k^h ɡ ɡ̤

Affricates: t^s t^s^h d^z d̤^zč ɡ̌ č^h ɡ̤̌

Fricatives: f v s ṣ š h

Nasals: m m̤ n̪ n̪̤ ṇ ŋ

Laterals: l̪ ḷ

Vibrants: ɾ

Glides: j

Vowel system:

Front Vowels: i e æ

Central Vowels: ɨ ǝ a

Back Vowels: u o ɔ

Long Vowels: ī ǝ̄ ū

Nasal Vowels:

ṽ
v̄̃

Noun Number: s p

Gender: m f n

Demonstratives: 2

Pronouns:

1 4ie
2 5
*3mfn *6mfn
politeness: + 2 pol

Syntax: SOV AN GN DN NUM-N POSS-N

Prep/Post: POST

Number: 1687

Language: Marathi

Dialect: Kasargod

Location: S India ( N Kerala)

Population: 45 million

Classification: Indo-Hittite: Indo-European: Indo-Iranian: Indic: Western: South

Other Sources:

Ghatage, A. M. 1970. "Marathi of Kasargod," IL 31, 138-44.
E

Consonant system:

   p t ṭ k
b d ḍ ɡ
    č
    ɡ̌
(f) s (š) (h)
v
m n ṇ
    l
    ṛ̣

Stops: p b t d ṭ ḍ k ɡ

Affricates: č ɡ̌

Fricatives: (f) v s (š) (h)

Nasals: m n ṇ

Laterals: l

Vibrants: ṛ̣

Modified Consonants: c̄

Glides: j

Vowel system:

Front Vowels: i e ɛ

Central Vowels: ɨ ǝ a

Back Vowels: u o ɔ

Long Vowels: v̄ all

Nasal Vowels:

ṽ all
v̄̃ all

Noun Number: s p

Gender: m f n

Pronouns:

1 4
2 5
*3mfn *6mfn

Syntax: SOV

Prep/Post: POST

Number: 1688

Language: Marathi

Dialect: Kunabi

Location: India ( W Maharashtra)

Population: 45 million

Classification: Indo-Hittite: Indo-European: Indo-Iranian: Indic: Western: South

Grammar: Ghatage, A. M. 1966. Kunabi of Mahad. Bombay: State Board of Literature and Culture.

Consonant system:

   p p^h t t^h ṭ ṭ^h k k^h
b b̤ d d̤ ḍ ḍ̤ ɡ ɡ̤
    t̪^s č č^h
    d̪^z d̪̤^z ɡ̌ ɡ̤̌
    š h
v v̤
m m̤ n n̤ ŋ
    l̪ l̪̤
    r r̤

Stops: p p^h b b̤ t t^h d d̤ ṭ ṭ^h ḍ ḍ̤ k k^h ɡ ɡ̤

Affricates: t̪^s d̪^z d̪̤^z č č^h ɡ̌ ɡ̤̌

Fricatives: v v̤ s š h

Nasals: m m̤ n n̤ ŋ

Laterals: l̪ l̪̤

Vibrants: r r̤

Modified Consonants: c̄

Glides: j

Vowel system:

Front Vowels: i e

Central Vowels: ǝ a

Back Vowels: u o

Long Vowels: ɛ̄ ɔ̄

Syllable: (C)(C)V(C)(C)

Noun Number: s p

Gender: m f n

Demonstratives: 2

Articles: def

Pronouns:

1 4
2 5
*3fF *6fF
F=m+n

Syntax: SOV AN GN DN NUM-N POSS-N Num+A+N

Prep/Post: POST

Number: 1689

Language: Konkani

Location: W India (Mysore)

Population: 1.5 million

Classification: Indo-Hittite: Indo-European: Indo-Iranian: Indic: Western: South

Grammar:

Ghatage, A. M. 1963. Konkani of South Kanara. Bombay: State Board for Literature and Culture.
Ghatage, A. M. 1968. Konkani of Kankon. Bombay: State Board for Literature and Culture.

Other Sources: Katre, Lalita S. 1970. "Konkani Kinship Terms," IL 31, 149-61.

Consonant system:

   p p^h t̪ t̪^h ṭ ṭ^h k k^h
b b̤ d̪ d̪̤ ḍ ḍ̤ ɡ ɡ̤
    t̪^sč č^h
    d̪^z d̪̤^z ɡ̌ ɡ̤̌
f s̪ š h
v v̤
m m̤ n̪ n̪̤ ṇ ŋ
    l̪ l̪̤ ḷ
    r

Stops: p p^h b b̤ t̪ t̪^h d̪ d̪̤ ṭ ṭ^h ḍ ḍ̤ k k^h ɡ ɡ̤

Affricates: t̪^s d̪^z d̪̤^zč č^h ɡ̌ ɡ̤̌

Fricatives: f v v̤ s̪ š h

Nasals: m m̤ n̪ n̪̤ ṇ ŋ

Laterals: l̪ l̪̤ ḷ

Vibrants: r

Modified Consonants: c̄

Glides: j

Vowel system:

Front Vowels: i e ɛ

Central Vowels: ǝ a

Back Vowels: u o ɔ

Long Vowels: ī ē ǝ̄ ā ū ō

Nasal Vowels:

ṽ all
v̄̃ all

Syllable: (C)(C)V(C)(C)

Noun Number: s p

Gender: m f n

Demonstratives: 2

Pronouns:

1 4
2 5
*3mfn *6mfn

Syntax: SOV AN GN DN NUM-N POSS-N

Prep/Post: POST

Number: 1690

Language: Sindhi

Location: S Pakistan

Population: 7 million

Classification: Indo-Hittite: Indo-European: Indo-Iranian: Indic: Western: Northwest

Grammar: Jegorova, R. P. 1966. Jazyk sindxi. Moscow: Nauka.

Other Sources:

Bordie, John G. 1958. A Descriptive Sindhi Phonology. Austin: Univ of Texas Diss.
Rohra, S. K. 1971. "Sindhi, Kacchi, and Emigrant Sindhi," IL 32, 123-31.

Consonant system:

   p p^h t t^h ṭ ṭ^h k k^h
b b̤ ɓ d d̤ ḍ ḍ̤ ɗ̣ ʄ ɡ ɡ̤ ɠ̤
    č č^h
    ɡ̌ ɡ̤̌
f s š x h
v z ɣ
m n ṇ ñ ŋ
    l
    ɾ ɾ̣

Stops: p p^h b b̤ ɓ t t^h d d̤ ṭ ṭ^h ḍ ḍ̤ ɗ̣ ʄ k k^h ɡ ɡ̤ ɠ̤

Affricates: č č^h ɡ̌ ɡ̤̌

Fricatives: f v s z š x ɣ h

Nasals: m n ṇ ñ ŋ

Laterals: l

Vibrants: ɾ ɾ̣

Glides: j

Vowel system:

Front Vowels: I

Central Vowels: ǝ

Back Vowels: ʋ

Long Vowels: ī ē ɛ̄ ā ū ō ɔ̄

Syllable: (C)V(C)

Noun Number: s p

Gender: m f

Demonstratives: 2

Pronouns:

1 4
2 5
*3mf *6

Syntax: SOV AN GN DN NUM-N POSS-N/N-POSS

Prep/Post: POST

Number: 1691

Language: Sindhi

Dialect: Katchi

Location: W India (Gujarat)

Population: 7 million (400,000)

Classification: Indo-Hittite: Indo-European: Indo-Iranian: Indic: Western: Northwest

Other Sources: Rohra, S. K. 1971. "Sindhi, Kacchi, and Emigrant Sindhi," IL 32, 123-31.

Consonant system:

   p p^h t t^h ṭ ṭ^h c c^h k k^h
b ɓ d ḍ ɗ̣ ɟ ʄ ɡ ɠ
    s h
m n ṇ ñ ŋ
    l
    r ṛ

Stops: p p^h b ɓ t t^h d ṭ ṭ^h ḍ ɗ̣ c c^h ɟ ʄ k k^h ɡ ɠ

Fricatives: s h

Nasals: m n ṇ ñ ŋ

Laterals: l

Vibrants: r ṛ

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

Front Vowels: I

Central Vowels: ǝ

Back Vowels: ʋ

Long Vowels: ī ē ɛ̄ ā ū ō ɔ̄

Noun Number: s p

Gender: m f

Number: 1692

Language: Lahnda

Location: NE Pakistan

Population: 15 million

Classification: Indo-Hittite: Indo-European: Indo-Iranian: Indic: Western: Northwest

Other Sources: Bahri, Hardev. 1963. Lahndi Phonetics. Allahabad: Bharati Press.

Consonant system:

   p p^h t̪ t̪^h ṭ ṭ^h k k^h
b b̤ d̪ d̪̤ ḍ ḍ̤ ɡ ɡ̤
    č č^h
    ɡ̌ ɡ̤̌
f s š x
v z ɣ ɦ
m n ṇ
    l ḷ
    r ɾ̣

Stops: p p^h b b̤ t̪ t̪^h d̪ d̪̤ ṭ ṭ^h ḍ ḍ̤ k k^h ɡ ɡ̤

Affricates: č č^h ɡ̌ ɡ̤̌

Fricatives: f v s z š x ɣ ɦ

Nasals: m n ṇ

Laterals: l ḷ

Vibrants: r ɾ̣

Modified Consonants: c̄

Glides: j

Vowel system:

Front Vowels: I

Central Vowels: ɐ

Back Vowels: ʋ

Long Vowels: ī ē ū ō ɑ̄ ĩ̄ ẽ̄ ũ̄ ȭ ɑ̃̄

Diphthongs: diphthongs

Syntax: SOV NUM-N

Number: 1693

Language: Parya

Location: Tajikistan

Population: 1,000

Classification: Indo-Hittite: Indo-European: Indo-Iranian: Indic: Central

Consonant system:

Number: 1694

Language: Baluj

Alternate Name: Jatt

Location: Afghanistan

Population: 1,000

Classification: Indo-Hittite: Indo-European: Indo-Iranian: Indic: Central

Consonant system:

Number: 1695

Language: Punjabi

Alternate Name: Panjabi

Location: NW India (Panjab)

Population: 40 million

Classification: Indo-Hittite: Indo-European: Indo-Iranian: Indic: Central

Grammar: Gill, Harjeet Singh and Henry A. Gleason, Jr. 1963. A Reference Grammar of Panjabi. HSL 3.

TextBooks:

Gill, H. S. and H. A. Gleason, Jr. 1963. A Start in Panjabi. HSL 11.

Other Sources:

Gill Harjeet Singh. 1960. "Panjabi Tonemics," AL 2:6, 11-8.
Arun, Vidya Bhaskar. 1961. A Comparative Phonology of Hindi and Panjabi. Ludhiana, India: Panjabi Sahitya Akademi.

Consonant system:

   p p^h t̪ t̪^h ṭ ṭ^h k k^h
b d̪ ḍ ɡ
    č č^h
    ɡ̌
(f) s̪ š
v (z̪) ɦ
m n̪ ṇ ñ ŋ
    l̪ ḷ
    r ɾ̣

Stops: p p^h b t̪ t̪^h d̪ ṭ ṭ^h ḍ k k^h ɡ

Affricates: č č^h ɡ̌

Fricatives: (f) v s̪ (z̪) š ɦ

Nasals: m n̪ ṇ ñ ŋ

Laterals: l̪ ḷ

Vibrants: r ɾ̣

Modified Consonants: c̄ p b t d ṭ ḍ k ɡ č ɡ̌ m n l v s

Glides: j

Vowel system:

Front Vowels: I

Central Vowels: ǝ

Back Vowels: ʋ

Long Vowels: ī ē ǣ ā ū ō ɔ̄

Nasal Vowels:

ṽ all
v̄̃ all

Modified Vowels: nasal harmony

Diphthongs: Iǝ Io Iɔ Ia ʋa ǝi ǝe ǝu

Tones: hi-ris mid lo-fall

Stress: phonemic

Noun Number: s p

Gender: m f

Demonstratives: 2

Pronouns:

1 4
2 5
*3 [*6]
6 only in oblique cases; in nominative case 3=6

Syntax: SOV AN GN DN NUM-N POSS-N D+A+N

Prep/Post: POST

Number: 1696

Language: Marwari

Alternate Name: Shekhawati

Location: Pakistan

Population: 220,000

Classification: Indo-Hittite: Indo-European: Indo-Iranian: Indic: Central

Other Sources: WALS

Consonant system:

Syntax: SOV

Number: 1697

Language: Banjari

Alternate Name: Lamani, Lambadi

Location: NW India

Population: 1.5 million

Classification: Indo-Hittite: Indo-European: Indo-Iranian: Indic: Central

Other Sources:

PCSD IV, 4-5.
WALS

Consonant system:

   p p^h t t^h ṭ ṭ^h k k^h
b b̤ d d̤ ḍ ḍ̤ ɡ ɡ̤
    č č^h
    ɡ̌ ɡ̤̌
    s h
m n ṇ ŋ
    l ḷ
    r

Stops: p p^h b b̤ t t^h d d̤ ṭ ṭ^h ḍ ḍ̤ k k^h ɡ ɡ̤

Affricates: č č^h ɡ̌ ɡ̤̌

Fricatives: s h

Nasals: m n ṇ ŋ

Laterals: l ḷ

Vibrants: r

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

Front Vowels: i e

Central Vowels: ǝ a

Back Vowels: u o

Nasal Vowels: ṽ all

Syntax: SOV

Number: 1698

Language: Malvi

Alternate Name: Rajasthani

Location: NW India (Madhya Pradesh)

Population: 22 million

Classification: Indo-Hittite: Indo-European: Indo-Iranian: Indic: Central

Other Sources:

Bhattacharya, Shefali. 1974. "Malvi Kinship Terms," IL 35, 119-28.
E

Consonant system:

   p p^h t t^h ṭ ṭ^h k k^h
b b̤ d d̤ ḍ ḍ̤ ɡ ɡ̤
    č č^h
    ɡ̌ ɡ̤̌
    s
v
m n ṇ
    l ḷ
    r

Stops: p p^h b b̤ t t^h d d̤ ṭ ṭ^h ḍ ḍ̤ k k^h ɡ ɡ̤

Affricates: č č^h ɡ̌ ɡ̤̌

Fricatives: v s

Nasals: m n ṇ

Laterals: l ḷ

Vibrants: r

Glides: j

Vowel system:

Front Vowels: i

Central Vowels: ǝ

Back Vowels: u

Long Vowels: ī ē ā ū ō

Nasal Vowels:

ṽ all
v̄̃ all

Stress: non-phonemic

Syntax: SOV AN

Prep/Post: POST

Number: 1699

Language: Gujarati

Location: WC India (Madhya Pradesh)

Population: 23 million

Classification: Indo-Hittite: Indo-European: Indo-Iranian: Indic: Central

Dictionary: Mazmudar, M. A., ed. 1969. Gala's Advanced Dictionary (English-Gujarati ). Gomtipur, India: Gala.

Grammar: Cardona, George. 1965. A Gujarati Reference Grammar. Philadelphia: Univ of Pennsylvania Press.

TextBooks:

Lambert, H. M. 1971. Gujarati Language Course. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ Press.

Other Sources:

Pandit, P. B. 1957. "Nasalization, Aspiration and Murmur in Gujarati," IL 17, 165-72.
Paudit, Prabodh Bechardas. 1965. Phonemic and Morphemic Frequencies of the Gujarati Language. Poona: Deccan College.
Dave, Radhekant. 1967. "A Formant Analysis of the Clear, Nasalized, and Murmured Vowels in Gujarati," IL 28, 1-30.
CJIL 5, 117.

Consonant system:

   p p^h t̪ t̪^h ṭ ṭ^h k k^h
b b̤ d̪ d̪̤ ḍ ḍ̤ ɡ ɡ̤
    č č^h
    ɡ̌ ɡ̤̌
    s š
v ɦ
m n̪ ṇ
    l ḷ
    ɾ

Stops: p p^h b b̤ t̪ t̪^h d̪ d̪̤ ṭ ṭ^h ḍ ḍ̤ k k^h ɡ ɡ̤

Affricates: č č^h ɡ̌ ɡ̤̌

Fricatives: v s š ɦ

Nasals: m n̪ ṇ

Laterals: l ḷ

Vibrants: ɾ

Modified Consonants: c̄

Glides: j

Vowel system:

Front Vowels: i e ɛ

Central Vowels: a

Back Vowels: u o ɔ

Nasal Vowels: ĩ ɛ̃ ã ũ ɔ̃

Modified Vowels:

v̤ all
ṽ̤ all but e o

Diphthongs: aI aʋ

Noun Number: s p

Gender: m f n

Demonstratives: 2

Pronouns:

1 4ie
2 5
*3 *6
politeness: 3 forms of 2: (1) fam, (2) pol, (3) formal.

Syntax: SOV AN GN DN NUM-N POSS-N

Prep/Post: POST

Number: 1700

Language: Bhili

Alternate Name: Wagdi

Dialect: Bahelia

Location: WC India (Madhya Pradesh)

Population: 2.7 million

Classification: Indo-Hittite: Indo-European: Indo-Iranian: Indic: Central

Other Sources:

Srivastava, G. P. 1968. "Bahelia Phonology," IL 29, 67-79.
E
WPF

Consonant system:

   p p^h t̪ t̪^h ṭ ṭ^h k k^h
b b̤ d̪ d̪̤ ḍ ḍ̤ ɡ ɡ̤
    č č^h
    ɡ̌ ɡ̤̌
    s̪ h
v
m m̤ n̪ n̪̤ ŋ
    l l̤
    r r̤ ɾ̣ ɾ̣̤

Stops: p p^h b b̤ t̪ t̪^h d̪ d̪̤ ṭ ṭ^h ḍ ḍ̤ k k^h ɡ ɡ̤

Affricates: č č^h ɡ̌ ɡ̤̌

Fricatives: v s̪ h

Nasals: m m̤ n̪ n̪̤ ŋ

Laterals: l l̤

Vibrants: r r̤ ɾ̣ ɾ̣̤

Modified Consonants: c̄

Glides: j

Vowel system:

Front Vowels: I e ɛ

Central Vowels: ǝ

Back Vowels: ʋ ɔ

Long Vowels: ī ē ɛ̄ ā ū ō

Nasal Vowels:

ṽ all
v̄̃ all

Syllable: (C)V(C)(C)

Pronouns:

1 4ie
2 5
3 6

Syntax: SOV