Classification:Indo-Hittite: Indo-European: Indo-Iranian: Iranian: Northeast: East Scythian: Pamir
Grammar:
DG: Paxalina, T. N. 1975. Vaxanskij jazyk. Moscow: Nauka. DG: IIFL, vol 2. Paxalina, T. N. 1966. "Vaxanskij jzayk," in JNS 1, 398-418. Lorimer, L. R. 1958. The Wakhi Language. London.
Other Sources:
AL 7:8 OPYT
Consonant system:
p t ṭ k q b d ḍ ɡ ts č̣ č dz ɡ̣̌ ɡ̌ f θ s ṣ̌ š x χ v ð z ẓ̌ ž ɣ ʁ m n l (ḷ) r (ṛ)
Stops:p b t d ṭ ḍ k ɡ q
Affricates:ts dz č̣ ɡ̣̌ č ɡ̌
Fricatives:f v θ ð s z ṣ̌ ẓ̌ š ž x ɣ χ ʁ
Nasals:m n
Laterals:l (ḷ)
Vibrants:r (ṛ)
Glides:j w
Vowel system:
Front Vowels:i e
Central Vowels:ɨ ǝ a
Back Vowels:u o
Long Vowels:v̄ all
Syllable:(C)(C)V(C)(C)
Stress:final
Noun Number:s p
Demonstratives:3
Articles:def indef
Pronouns:
1 4 2 5 *3 *6
Syntax:SOV AN GN DN NUM-N POSS-N D+Num+N
Prep/Post:PREP/POST
Number:1742
Language:Munji
Location:NE Afghanistan
Population:2,000
Classification:Indo-Hittite: Indo-European: Indo-Iranian: Iranian: Northeast: East Scythian: Pamir
Grammar:
DG: IIFL, vol 2. DG: Grjunberg, A. L. 1972. Jazyk vostochnogo gindukusha: mundzhanskij jazyk. Leningrad: Nauka.
Other Sources:
AL 7:8 OPYT
Consonant system:
p t̪ c k (q) b d̪ ɟ ɡ t̪s č̣ č d̪z ɡ̣̌ ɡ̌ f s̪ ṣ̌ ç š x h v z̪ ẓ̌ ž ɣ m n̪ l̪ r ṛ
Stops:p b t̪ d̪ c ɟ k ɡ (q)
Affricates:t̪s d̪z č̣ ɡ̣̌ č ɡ̌
Fricatives:f v s̪ z̪ ṣ̌ ẓ̌ ç š ž x ɣ h
Nasals:m n̪
Laterals:l̪
Vibrants:r ṛ
Glides:j w
Central Vowels:ǝ ɐ
Back Vowels:ʋ
Long Vowels:ī ē ā ū ɔ̄
Stress:initial
Noun Number:s p
Gender:m f
Demonstratives:3
Articles:def indef
Pronouns:
1 4 2 5 *3 *6
Syntax:SOV AN GN/(NG) DN NUM-N POSS-N D+Num+N
Ergative:erg
Prep/Post:PREP
Number:1743
Language:Yidgha
Location:NE Afghanistan
Population:2,000
Classification:Indo-Hittite: Indo-European: Indo-Iranian: Iranian: Northeast: East Scythian: Pamir
Other Sources:OPYT
Consonant system:
p t ṭ k q b d ḍ ɡ ts č̣ č ɡ̌ f s ṣ̌ š x v z ẓ̌ ž ɣ m n ṇ l r ṛ
Stops:p b t d ṭ ḍ k ɡ q
Affricates:ts č̣ č ɡ̌
Fricatives:f v s z ṣ̌ ẓ̌š ž x ɣ
Nasals:m n ṇ
Laterals:l
Vibrants:r ṛ
Modified Consonants:cʷ x
Glides:j w
Vowel system:
Front Vowels:i e
Central Vowels:ǝ a
Back Vowels:u o
Long Vowels:ī ū
Stress:initial
Noun Number:s p
Gender:m f
Demonstratives:3
Articles:def indef
Pronouns:
1 4 2 5 *3 *6
Syntax:SOV AN GN/(NG) DN NUM-N POSS-N D+Num+N
Ergative:erg
Prep/Post:PREP
Number:1744
Language:Sanglechi
Location:Afghaniston
Classification:Indo-Hittite: Indo-European: Indo-Iranian: Iranian: Northeast: East Scythian: Pamir
Consonant system:
Number:1745
Language:Ishkashmi
Location:NE Afghanistan
Population:2,500
Classification:Indo-Hittite: Indo-European: Indo-Iranian: Iranian: Northeast: East Scythian: Pamir
Grammar:
DG: IIFL, vol 2. Paxalina, T. N. 1959. Ishkashimaskij jazyk. Moscow: Nauka. Paxalina, T. N. 1966. "Ishkashimaskij jazyk," in JNS 1, 419-35.
Other Sources:
AL 7:8 OPYT
Consonant system:
p t̪ ṭ k q b d̪ ḍ ɡ t̪s č̣ č d̪z ɡ̌ f s̪ ṣ̌ š χ v z̪ ẓ̌ ž ʁ m n̪ l̪ (ḷ) r
Stops:p b t̪ d̪ ṭ ḍ k ɡ q
Affricates:t̪s d̪z č̣ č ɡ̌
Fricatives:f v s̪ z̪ ṣ̌ ẓ̌ š ž χ ʁ
Nasals:m n̪
Laterals:l̪ (ḷ)
Vibrants:r
Glides:j w
Vowel system:
Front Vowels:I ɛ
Central Vowels:ǝ a
Back Vowels:ʋ o
Long Vowels:ī ē ā ū ō
Diphthongs:ou oi ai
Syllable:(C)(C)V(C)(C)
Stress:final
Noun Number:s p
Demonstratives:3
Pronouns:
1 4 2 5 *3 *6
Syntax:SOV AN GN DN NUM-N POSS-N
Prep/Post:PREP/POST
Number:1746
Language:Shughni
Location:Tajikistan
Population:70,000
Classification:Indo-Hittite: Indo-European: Indo-Iranian: Iranian: Northeast: East Scythian: Pamir
Dictionary:Zarubin, I. I. 1960. Shuganskie teksty: slovar'. Moscow: Academy of Sciences.
Grammar:Sokolova, V. S. 1966. "Shugnano-rushanskaja jazykovaja gruppa," in JNS 1, 362-97.
Other Sources:
AL 7:8 OPYT
Consonant system:
p t k q b d ɡ ts č dz ɡ̌ f θ s š x χ v ð z ž ɣ ʁ m n l r
Stops:p b t d k ɡ q
Affricates:ts dz č ɡ̌
Fricatives:f v θ ð s z š ž x ɣ χ ʁ
Nasals:m n
Laterals:l
Vibrants:r
Glides:j w
Vowel system:
Front Vowels:I
Central Vowels:a
Back Vowels:ʋ
Long Vowels:ī ē ɛ̄ ā ū ʋ̄ ō
Syllable:(C)V(C)
Stress:final
Noun Number:s p
Gender:m f
Demonstratives:3
Articles:def indef
Pronouns:
1 4 2 5 *3mf *6
Syntax:SOV AN GN DN NUM-N POSS-N D+Num+A+N
Prep/Post:PREP/POST
Number:1747
Language:Shughni
Dialect:Sarikoli
Location:SW China (Sinkiang)
Population:70,000
Classification:Indo-Hittite: Indo-European: Indo-Iranian: Iranian: Northeast: East Scythian: Pamir
Dictionary:Paxalina, T. N. 1971. Sarykol'sko-russkij slovar'. Moscow: Nauka.
Other Sources:AL 7:8
Consonant system:
p t k q b d ɡ ts č dz ɡ̌ f s š x χ v z ž ɣ ʁ m n l r
Stops:p b t d k ɡ q
Affricates:ts dz č ɡ̌
Fricatives:f v s z š ž x ɣ χ ʁ
Nasals:m n
Laterals:l
Vibrants:r
Glides:j w
Vowel system:
Front Vowels:i y e
Central Vowels:a
Back Vowels:u o
Long Vowels:ī ā ū
Stress:final
Number:1748
Language:Shughni
Dialect:Bartang
Location:Tajikistan
Population:70,000
Classification:Indo-Hittite: Indo-European: Indo-Iranian: Iranian: Northeast: East Scythian: Pamir
Grammar:Karamxudoev, N. 1973. Bartangskij jazyk. Dushanbe: Donish.
Consonant system:
p t k q b d ɡ ts č dz ɡ̌ f θ s š x χ v ð z ž ɣ ʁ m n l r
Stops:p b t d k ɡ q
Affricates:ts dz č ɡ̌
Fricatives:f v θ ð s z š ž x ɣ χ ʁ
Nasals:m n
Laterals:l
Vibrants:r
Modified Consonants:c̄
Glides:j w
Vowel system:
Front Vowels:i
Central Vowels:a
Back Vowels:u
Long Vowels:ī ē ↔ō ā ū ō
Stress:final
Noun Number:s p
Gender:m f
Demonstratives:3
Pronouns:
1 4 2 5 *3mf *6
Syntax:SOV DN NUM-N POSS-N
Prep/Post:PREP/POST
Number:1749
Language:Yazgulami
Location:Tajikistan
Population:70,000
Classification:Indo-Hittite: Indo-European: Indo-Iranian: Iranian: Northeast: East Scythian: Pamir
Dictionary:Edel'man, D. I. 1971. Jazguliamsko-russkij slovar'. Moscow: Nauka.
Grammar:
Edel'man, D. I. 1966a. Jazguliamsko jazyk. Moscow: Nauka. Edel'man, D. I. 1966b. "Jazguliamsko-jazyk," in JNS 1, 436-54.
Other Sources:OPYT
Consonant system:
p t c k q b d ɟ ɡ ts č dz ɡ̌ f θ s š x χ (h) v ð z ž ɣ ʁ m n l r
