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A global linguistic database : Search within this database Total of 5736 records 287 pages
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Number: 2341
Language: Ako
Location: E Myanmar (E Kengtung)
Population: 800
Classification: Dene-Caucasian: Sino-Tibetan: Tibeto-Burman: Burmic: Burmese-Moso: Burmese-Lolo: Lolo: Southern: Akha
Other Sources: E
Syntax: SOV
Number: 2342
Language: Asong
Location: E Myanmar (E Kengtung)
Classification: Dene-Caucasian: Sino-Tibetan: Tibeto-Burman: Burmic: Burmese-Moso: Burmese-Lolo: Lolo: Southern: Akha
Other Sources: E
Syntax: SOV
Number: 2343
Language: Phana
Location: N Laos
Classification: Dene-Caucasian: Sino-Tibetan: Tibeto-Burman: Burmic: Burmese-Moso: Burmese-Lolo: Lolo: Southern: Akha
Number: 2344
Language: Menghwa
Classification: Dene-Caucasian: Sino-Tibetan: Tibeto-Burman: Burmic: Burmese-Moso: Burmese-Lolo: Lolo: Southern: Akha
Number: 2345
Language: Hani
Location: SE China (S Yunnan)
Classification: Dene-Caucasian: Sino-Tibetan: Tibeto-Burman: Burmic: Burmese-Moso: Burmese-Lolo: Lolo: Southern: Akha
Other Sources: E
Syntax: SOV
Number: 2346
Language: Lahu
Dialect: Black
Location: N Thailand (Chiang Mai)
Population: 275,000
Classification: Dene-Caucasian: Sino-Tibetan: Tibeto-Burman: Burmic: Burmese-Moso: Burmese-Lolo: Lolo: Southern: Akha
Grammar: Matisoff, James A. 1973. The Grammar of Lahu. UCPL 75.
Consonant system: p ph b t th d k kh ɡ q qh (ʔ) č čh ɡ̌ f v š ɣ h m n ŋ l
Stops: p ph b t th d k kh ɡ q qh (ʔ)
Affricates: č čh ɡ̌
Fricatives: f v š ɣ h
Nasals: m n ŋ
Laterals: l
Glides: j (w)
Front Vowels: i e ɛ
Central Vowels: ɨ ǝ a
Back Vowels: u o ɔ
Diphthongs: aj (aw ew wi we wɛ wa)
Syllable: (C)V(ʔ)
Tones: hi-fall hi-fall-checked hi-mid-ris mid-lev lo-mid-fall lo-mid-fall-checked lo-lev
Demonstratives: 5 (3 + that above, that below)
Pronouns: 1 4d 4 2 5d 5 3 6d 6 + indef
Syntax: SOV AN/NA GN DN/ND NUM-N POSS-N D+Num+N
Prep/Post: POST
Number: 2347
Language: Ugong
Location: Thailand
Classification: Dene-Caucasian: Sino-Tibetan: Tibeto-Burman: Burmic: Burmese-Moso: Burmese-Lolo: Lolo: Residual
Number: 2348
Language: Manyak
Location: C China (WC Sichuan)
Classification: Dene-Caucasian: Sino-Tibetan: Tibeto-Burman: Burmic: Burmese-Moso: Burmese-Lolo: Lolo: Residual: Hsifan
Number: 2349
Language: Horpa
Location: C China (W Sichuan)
Classification: Dene-Caucasian: Sino-Tibetan: Tibeto-Burman: Burmic: Burmese-Moso: Burmese-Lolo: Lolo: Residual: Hsifan
Number: 2350
Language: Menia
Alternate Name: Muya
Location: C China (WC Sichuan)
Classification: Dene-Caucasian: Sino-Tibetan: Tibeto-Burman: Burmic: Burmese-Moso: Burmese-Lolo: Lolo: Residual: Hsifan
Number: 2351
Language: Muli
Classification: Dene-Caucasian: Sino-Tibetan: Tibeto-Burman: Burmic: Burmese-Moso: Burmese-Lolo: Lolo: Residual: Hsifan
Number: 2352
Language: Miao
Alternate Name: Hmong
Location: Thailand
Population: 4 million
Classification: Austric: Miao-Yao: Miao
Other Sources: Smalley, William A. 1976. "The Problems of Consonants and Tone: Hmong (Meo, Miao)," PL C43, 85-??
Consonant system: p ph t̪ t̪h ʔ t̪h c ch k kh q qh ʔ pl plh t̪l t̪lh t̪s t̪sh č čh f s̪ ṣ̌ šj h v ẓ̌ m ml n̪ ñ m̥ m̥l n̪̥ ñ̥ l̪ l̪̥ ṛ ṛ̥
Stops: p ph t̪ t̪h ʔ t̪h c ch k kh q qh ʔ
Affricates: pl pl h t̪l t̪l h t̪s t̪s h č čh
Fricatives: f v s̪ ṣ̌ ẓ̌ šj h
Nasals: m m̥ ml m̥l n̪ n̪̥ ñ ñ̥
Laterals: l̪ l̪̥
Vibrants: ṛ ṛ̥
Modified Consonants: N c ph b th d ch ɟ kh ɡ qh G pl pl h ts ts h č čh ṛ ṛ̥
Glides: j
Vowel system: i ɨ u e ɔ a
Front Vowels: i e
Central Vowels: ɨ a
Back Vowels: u ɔ
Nasal Vowels: ṽ ɨ a o ɔ
Diphthongs: ai iǝ ǝɨ uǝ ɔw
Tones: hi-lev hi-fall mid-lev mid-ris lo-mid-lev lo-mid-lev-breathy lo-lev-glot
Number: 2353
Language: Miao
Alternate Name: Hmong
Dialect: Yi
Location: S China (Kweichow)
Population: 4 million
Classification: Austric: Miao-Yao: Miao
Other Sources: AL 7:9
Consonant system: p ph t th (ṭ) c k kh kʷ (q) ʔ (č) (ṣ) h m m̥ n n̥ ŋ l l̥ r r̥
Stops: p ph t th (ṭ) c k kh kʷ (q) ʔ
Affricates: (č)
Fricatives: (ṣ) h
Nasals: m m̥ n n̥ ŋ
Laterals: l l̥
Vibrants: r r̥
Modified Consonants: cj p t c ph ch m n N c ?
Glides: j j̥ w w̥
Front Vowels: i e
Central Vowels: ɨ a
Back Vowels: u o
Diphthongs: ai au aɨ ɑi ɑu ɑɨ
Tones: hi-lev hi-ris mid-lev mid-ris mid-fall lo-lev lo-fall
Number: 2354
Language: Miao
Alternate Name: Hmong
Dialect: Black
Location: S China (SE Kweichow)
Population: 4 million
Classification: Austric: Miao-Yao: Miao
Other Sources: AL 7:4
Consonant system: p ph t th k kh q qh ʔ č čh f fh v s sh š šh x ɣ h m m̥ n n̥ ñ ñ̥ ŋ l ɬ ɬh
Stops: p ph t th k kh q qh ʔ
Affricates: č čh
Fricatives: f fh v s sh š šh x ɣ h
Nasals: m m̥ n n̥ ñ ñ̥ ŋ
Laterals: l ɬ ɬh
Modified Consonants: cj p ph t th ɬ ɬh l
Glides: j
Front Vowels: i e ɛ
Central Vowels: a
Back Vowels: u o ɔ
Tones: hi-lev hi-ris hi-mid-lev mid-lev lo-mid-lev lo-lev lo-ris fall
Number: 2355
Language: Miao
Alternate Name: Hmong
Dialect: Red
Location: S China (W Hunan)
Population: 4 million
Classification: Austric: Miao-Yao: Miao
Other Sources: AL 7:4
Consonant system: p ph t th c ch k kh q qh ṭs ṭs h ṣ ẓ ṣ̌ h ɦ m n ñ ŋ l l̥
Stops: p ph t th c ch k kh q qh
Affricates: ṭs ṭs h
Fricatives: ṣ ẓ ṣ̌ h ɦ
Nasals: m n ñ ŋ
Laterals: l l̥
Glides: j w
Front Vowels: i e ɛ
Central Vowels: ǝ ɐ a
Back Vowels: u o ɔ
Tones: hi-lev hi-fall mid-ris mid-fall lo-ris
Syntax: SVO AN/NA ND NUM-N POSS-N
Prep/Post: PREP
Number: 2356
Language: Miao
Alternate Name: Hmong
Dialect: White
Location: N Laos
Population: 4 million
Classification: Austric: Miao-Yao: Miao
Dictionary: Bertrais-Charrier, Yves. 1964. Dictionnaire hmong (Mèo blanc) - français. Vientiane, Laos: Mission Catholique.
Other Sources: Downer, G. B. 1967. "Tone Change and Tone-Shift in White Miao," BSOAS 30, 589-99.
Consonant system: p ph t̪ t̪h d̪ d̪̤ ṭ ṭh c ch k kh q qh pl pl h ts ts h č čh f v s z š ç j ̂ χ m m̥ ml m̥l n̪ n̪̥ ñ ñ̥ l l̥ ḷ ḷ̥
Stops: p ph t̪ t̪h d̪ d̪̤ ṭ ṭh c ch k kh q qh
Affricates: pl pl h ts ts h č čh
Fricatives: f v s z š ç j ̂ χ
Nasals: m m̥ ml m̥l n̪ n̪̥ ñ ñ̥
Laterals: l l̥ ḷ ḷ̥
Modified Consonants: N c p ph t th ṭ ṭh c ch k kh q qh pl plh ts tsh č čh
Front Vowels: i e
Back Vowels: u ɯ o ɑ
Nasal Vowels: ṽ: e o
Diphthongs: ai ia aɯ au ua
Tones: hi-lev hi-fall mid-lev mid-ris mid-fall lo-lev lo-fall lo-ris
Demonstratives: 2
Articles: def
Pronouns: 1 4d 4 2 5d 5 3 6d 6
Syntax: SVO NA ND NUM-N
Prep/Post: PREP
Number: 2357
Language: Miao
Alternate Name: Hmong
Dialect: Ch'uan Ch'ientien
Location: S China (Kweichow)
Population: 4 million
Classification: Austric: Miao-Yao: Miao
Other Sources: Mao Tsung-wu and Chou Tsu-yao. 1972. "A Brief Description of the Yao Language," in MYLS, 239-55.
Consonant system: p ph t th ṭ ṭh k kh q qh (ʔ) pl pl h tl̥ tl̥h ts ts h ṭ̣s ṭs h č čh f v s ṣ ẓ š ž h m m̥ n n̥ ñ ñ̥ ŋ l l̥
Stops: p ph t th ṭ ṭh k kh q qh (ʔ)
Affricates: pl plh tl̥ tl̥h ts tsh ṭs ṭsh č čh
Fricatives: f v s ṣ ẓ š ž h
Nasals: m m̥ n n̥ ñ ñ̥ ŋ
Laterals: l l̥
Modified Consonants: N c p ph pl pl h ts ts h t th ṭ ṭh ṭ̣̣s ṭs h č čh k kh q qh
Glides: (w)
Front Vowels: i e
Central Vowels: (ǝ) a
Back Vowels: u o
Diphthongs: ua ai eɯ au ou (ie ue ei ia) (uei uai iau iou)
Tones: hi-mid-fall mid-fall hi-lev lo-mid-fall hi-mid-lev lo-ris mid-lev lo-mid-ris
Demonstratives: 8 (this/that/that above/that below/that to the side & not seen/that far to the side & not seen/that in front/that inside) + ref
Syntax: SVO NA GN ND NUM-N POSS-N Num+N+A+D
Prep/Post: PREP
Comments: Dialect differences in phonology: (1) Some dialects lack prenasalized obstruents. (2) Some dialects lack uvular consonants (q qh ). (3) Some dialects have preglottalized nasals, laterals, glides and z. (4) Some dialects have nasal vowels. (5) The number of tones in Miao dialects ranges from 4 to 11. (6) Some dialects have additional vowel phonemes: ɛ ɔ ɵ ɣ ɨ ɯ y.
Number: 2358
Language: Miao
Alternate Name: Hmong
Dialect: Hmong Daw
Location: N Thailand
Population: 4 million
Classification: Austric: Miao-Yao: Miao
Dictionary: Heimbach, Ernest E. 1969. White Meo-English Dictionary. CUDP 75.
Consonant system: p ph m b m ph t̪ t̪h ʔ t̪h c ch k kh q qh ʔ pl pɬ m bl m pɬ t̪s t̪sh n d̪z n tsh č čh ñ ɡ̌ ñ čh f v s̪ š ž ç h m m̥ ml m̥l n̪ n̪̥ ñ ñ̥ (ŋ) l ɬ
Stops: p ph m b m ph t̪ t̪h ʔ t̪h c ch k kh q qh ʔ
Affricates: pl pɬ m bl m pɬ t̪s t̪sh n d̪z n tsh č čh ñ ɡ̌ ñ čh
Fricatives: f v s̪ š ž ç h
Nasals: m m̥ ml m̥l n̪ n̪̥ ñ ñ̥ (ŋ)
Laterals: l ɬ
Glides: j
Front Vowels: i e
Central Vowels: ɨ a
Back Vowels: u ɔ
Nasal Vowels: ǝ̃ õ (ɨ̃ ɔ̃)
Diphthongs: ai ia ǝɨ ɔw uǝ
Tones: hi-lev mid-lev lo-lev-glot hi-fall mid-fall-breathy mid-ris lo-ris
Pronouns: 1 4d 4 2 5d 5 3 6d 6
Syntax: SVO NA GN/NG ND NUM-N POSS-N
Prep/Post: PREP
Number: 2359
Language: Laka
Alternate Name: Yao
Location: S China (Kwangsi)
Population: 8,000
Classification: Austric: Miao-Yao: Yao
Other Sources: Mao Tsung-wu and Chou Tsu-yao. 1972. "A Brief Description of the Yao Language," in MYLS, 239-55.
Consonant system: p ph t th k kh ʔ b pl plh ts tsh ʔ bl f θ h m ml n ŋ m̥ n̥ l ɬ
Stops: p ph ʔ b t th k kh
Affricates: pl pl h ʔ bl ts ts h
Fricatives: f θ h
Nasals: m m̥ ml n n̥ ŋ
Laterals: l ɬ
Modified Consonants: cj k kh ŋ ŋ̥ h cʷ k kh ŋ h
Glides: j ɥ w
Vowel system: i (ɨ) u ɛ (ǝ) o a
Front Vowels: i ɛ
Central Vowels: (ɨ) (ǝ) a
Back Vowels: u o
Long Vowels: ī ɛ̄ ā ū ɔ̄
Nasal Vowels: ɛ̃ ã ũ õ ı̃̄ ɛ̃̄ ã̄ ũ̄ ȭ
Diphthongs: ie uǝ ai oi ui iu ɛu au ou iẽ ẽi ãi õi ũi iũ ɛ̃u ãu uǝi ieu
Tones: hi-fall lo-mid-ris-fall lo-mid-ris lo-lev hi-lev lo-mid-fall-ris
Demonstratives: 3
Syntax: SVO NA NG ND POSS-N
Number: 2360
Language: Punu
Alternate Name: Bunu
Location: S China (Kuang-hsi)
Population: 237,000
Classification: Austric: Miao-Yao: Yao
Other Sources: Mao Tsung-wu and Chou Tsu-yao. 1972. "A Brief Description of the Yao Language," in MYLS, 239-55. Haudricourt, A. G. 1969. "Occlusives latérales dans le sud-est asiatique," BSLP 64, 221-32.
Consonant system: p ph t th ṭ ṭh c ch k kh ts ts h tl tl h f v θ ṣ ẓ z̥̣ ɣ h m m̥ n n̥ ṇ ṇ̥ ñ ñ̥ ŋ ŋ̥ l l̥
Stops: p ph t th ṭ ṭh c ch k kh
Affricates: ts ts h tl tl h
Fricatives: f v θ ṣ ẓ z̥̣ ɣ h
Nasals: m m̥ n n̥ ṇ ṇ̥ ñ ñ̥ ŋ ŋ̥
Laterals: l l̥
Modified Consonants: N c p ph t th ṭ ṭh c ch k kh ts ts h tl tl h cʷ k kh ŋ k ŋ kh ŋ ŋ̥ h
Glides: j j̥ w
Front Vowels: i e
Central Vowels: a
Back Vowels: u o ɤ
Diphthongs: ei ai oi au ɤu ua ia iau
Tones: mid-lev lo-ris hi-lev lo-mid-ris-fall hi-mid-fall-to-2 lo-mid-lev hi-mid-fall-to-1 lo-mid-fall
Demonstratives: 4 (proximate/medial/distant/that distant and not visible) + ref
Pronouns: 1 4d 4 2 5d 5 3 6d 6
Syntax: SVO NA NG ND POSS-N
typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-syntax,typology-language,typology-location,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-syntax,typology-language,typology-location,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-language,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-language,typology-location,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-syntax,typology-language,typology-dialect,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-grammar,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-affricates,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-diphthongs,typology-syllable,typology-tones,typology-demonstrat,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,typology-language,typology-location,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-language,typology-location,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-language,typology-location,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-language,typology-alternaten,typology-location,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-language,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-language,typology-alternaten,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-affricates,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-vibrants,typology-modifiedco,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-nasalvowel,typology-diphthongs,typology-tones,typology-language,typology-alternaten,typology-dialect,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-affricates,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-vibrants,typology-modifiedco,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-diphthongs,typology-tones,typology-language,typology-alternaten,typology-dialect,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-affricates,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-modifiedco,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-tones,typology-language,typology-alternaten,typology-dialect,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-affricates,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-tones,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,typology-language,typology-alternaten,typology-dialect,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-dictionary,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-affricates,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-modifiedco,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-backvowels,typology-nasalvowel,typology-diphthongs,typology-tones,typology-demonstrat,typology-articles,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,typology-language,typology-alternaten,typology-dialect,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-affricates,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-modifiedco,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-diphthongs,typology-tones,typology-demonstrat,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,typology-comments,typology-language,typology-alternaten,typology-dialect,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-dictionary,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-affricates,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-nasalvowel,typology-diphthongs,typology-tones,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,typology-language,typology-alternaten,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-affricates,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-modifiedco,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-nasalvowel,typology-diphthongs,typology-tones,typology-demonstrat,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-language,typology-alternaten,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-affricates,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-modifiedco,typology-glides,typology-vo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